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正如上面所講170Please respect copyright.PENANA9BX75QyZpN
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒170Please respect copyright.PENANAvoyFcfE6cf
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍170Please respect copyright.PENANANFiBAQ14hP
規模實在太細170Please respect copyright.PENANA4ZKdLrUHcn
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展170Please respect copyright.PENANAURa0W0RLLo
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊170Please respect copyright.PENANAKHcaqMilhi
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指170Please respect copyright.PENANAosDxiLZSq7
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號170Please respect copyright.PENANAAiofmXI30E
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇170Please respect copyright.PENANAKGDpIVAm0D
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因170Please respect copyright.PENANAdq0nYK32or
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展170Please respect copyright.PENANAmRVZ6mR5xQ
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭170Please respect copyright.PENANAQF0J2UmZPE
例如喺1867年尾170Please respect copyright.PENANArj7fw09wgR
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥170Please respect copyright.PENANAjJcwaFVd5c
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港170Please respect copyright.PENANAXnW2wgYNko
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停170Please respect copyright.PENANAlmaD1hYOIL
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國170Please respect copyright.PENANAugwTAotc5z
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)170Please respect copyright.PENANAKn7VEh8xQu
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚170Please respect copyright.PENANAe14UXeAUsr
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國170Please respect copyright.PENANAZ94apSbHbw
以德國個地理位置170Please respect copyright.PENANAjyXnqNnVvE
發展遠洋艦隊170Please respect copyright.PENANAvzbti9dDVz
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源170Please respect copyright.PENANAPeFmgJDjPO
冇強大嘅海軍170Please respect copyright.PENANAgmFjMurSEi
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人170Please respect copyright.PENANA12J98V5hWL
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦170Please respect copyright.PENANAGLh479C6VE
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往170Please respect copyright.PENANAJa2DlU9Lkm
喺1860年代中期開始170Please respect copyright.PENANAkNAdu9ffNn
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後170Please respect copyright.PENANAwKaiT4qS7q
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情170Please respect copyright.PENANA1dXeC7FVpn
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團170Please respect copyright.PENANAq79SfTobkN
諗住入去分一杯羹170Please respect copyright.PENANAI939OhShS6
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國170Please respect copyright.PENANAf4FErfTwrl
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國170Please respect copyright.PENANAFBOsm097rm
因為有國家機器加持170Please respect copyright.PENANARlYWQjPCjF
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAAJH5Jiw6o8
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇170Please respect copyright.PENANADATwu5StOt
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中170Please respect copyright.PENANAyPHJD3aXED
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動170Please respect copyright.PENANAIljoHvRIiz
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好170Please respect copyright.PENANAW8F2i3PFqY
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場170Please respect copyright.PENANA7u80tNIdt0
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAitJi4eueS8
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後170Please respect copyright.PENANAUVmWQqW2bM
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟170Please respect copyright.PENANAgNVKIg7HlI
而德奧意三國同盟170Please respect copyright.PENANAXetkxhedhQ
以及三帝同盟續期170Please respect copyright.PENANA0bkh4rXHAb
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎170Please respect copyright.PENANADzlowkjxLm
至少係表面上啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAxohemNvdM7
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄170Please respect copyright.PENANAbzDm3APo5E
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇170Please respect copyright.PENANAgKD8RhI3oZ
另一方面170Please respect copyright.PENANAwUwSq56v0s
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易170Please respect copyright.PENANASYkhdZNJBx
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點170Please respect copyright.PENANAKYW9Jp5DfV
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上170Please respect copyright.PENANA6uoC69vKEp
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同170Please respect copyright.PENANAoESduzSaf6
呢啲殖民地爭議170Please respect copyright.PENANAWigLIz68yr
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫170Please respect copyright.PENANAFlzsxHTEx2
德國要參與其中170Please respect copyright.PENANARSAfmspHjK
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話170Please respect copyright.PENANAbx3O1F3QC2
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠170Please respect copyright.PENANA91kcS1JfFv
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手170Please respect copyright.PENANApja3z2lhbv
先可以埋枱玩170Please respect copyright.PENANAMr9EJSTVbS
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張170Please respect copyright.PENANAhLDFAY4XzH
喺1880年尾開始170Please respect copyright.PENANAYJ7z0ey8V8
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構170Please respect copyright.PENANA5O2BrqOPFu
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見170Please respect copyright.PENANArOjRPJaMES
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀170Please respect copyright.PENANAqpF5kiH9zE
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;170Please respect copyright.PENANAgMn2sx2eWG
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅170Please respect copyright.PENANAM2n2smsTqc
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔170Please respect copyright.PENANAVU545kmMQx
於是德國喺一年間170Please respect copyright.PENANAlCtQ48Uz8J
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁170Please respect copyright.PENANAbIZEEkxPSE
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫170Please respect copyright.PENANAAgMtLzaKAz
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度170Please respect copyright.PENANAhIjoSVOhHM
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權170Please respect copyright.PENANAotNJdZw1T9
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫170Please respect copyright.PENANAHtnjAbvOo0
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇170Please respect copyright.PENANAQFs9NYhSAS
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANAMoK5TRaBwS
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話170Please respect copyright.PENANAXq7lnOg0DX
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務170Please respect copyright.PENANAPuQjGmXcId
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店170Please respect copyright.PENANAWwrW7D1hUz
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上170Please respect copyright.PENANAIe4ugbdERa
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANARoArdqoUKp
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國170Please respect copyright.PENANAdstWhJGnVD
而係啲私人企業170Please respect copyright.PENANAdkg4308hib
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAlTRs1y70bI
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇170Please respect copyright.PENANAYpza3fetEp
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大170Please respect copyright.PENANA9AOvdKLcFB
佢要嘅效果170Please respect copyright.PENANA8iRMoH8cQZ
就係用最低成本170Please respect copyright.PENANAWjDSqGLTNr
令德國喺短時間內170Please respect copyright.PENANAB3q9uCrOzg
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地170Please respect copyright.PENANAMXVykfnfCK
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽170Please respect copyright.PENANA4WEw6CT20h
德國作為老三要做嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANAAG97WV7qfj
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力170Please respect copyright.PENANAo9fsdSrxjV
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗170Please respect copyright.PENANAfGVeSHdyw7
自己喺歐陸先會安穩170Please respect copyright.PENANATzexOS16t5
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇170Please respect copyright.PENANA4dWYbzxLRP
而家就爭咁張賭枱170Please respect copyright.PENANAGuVyPH11eu
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合170Please respect copyright.PENANAhTpBDbp5Wj
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中170Please respect copyright.PENANAdJPawLIydx
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議170Please respect copyright.PENANA24T8wHv9bq
有越演越烈嘅趨勢170Please respect copyright.PENANA9QBewCoThf
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙170Please respect copyright.PENANA6RZJbytrN2
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟170Please respect copyright.PENANAjZ5GVoQ4BT
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議170Please respect copyright.PENANAptrbXRBYys
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地170Please respect copyright.PENANAy42jGnWTx0
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)170Please respect copyright.PENANALVhkQM89uo
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整170Please respect copyright.PENANAxX2bqMtFtD
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點170Please respect copyright.PENANAycjZuQH1Gs
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你170Please respect copyright.PENANAPXq2AwLi6N
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟170Please respect copyright.PENANADDF7acNFqJ
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓170Please respect copyright.PENANAtLTupzYXbM
都紛紛嚮應170Please respect copyright.PENANA9HZc5Q7Dal
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸170Please respect copyright.PENANAOgplP2evsO
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家170Please respect copyright.PENANApr1Yc1Q1e0
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織170Please respect copyright.PENANAwF44I4qeJB
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)170Please respect copyright.PENANAYpVuixJlkD
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別170Please respect copyright.PENANAvbBCA1z48k
嗰時冇飛機170Please respect copyright.PENANAzoc8mo6kv4
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會170Please respect copyright.PENANAvJUdB0qyXi
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事170Please respect copyright.PENANAnmXlVucTKE
好似上次柏林會議170Please respect copyright.PENANAlxJrYBYHkf
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人170Please respect copyright.PENANAUSFsgsaWEb
相反今次嚟開會嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANAltf6bxiILN
都係各國駐柏林大使170Please respect copyright.PENANAyRdqDxqObA
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANAsRJxrbgk2N
每當要決定某啲事務時170Please respect copyright.PENANAnqKHWmbDi5
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首170Please respect copyright.PENANA1g8jgT37Ak
所以個會都拖到幾長吓170Please respect copyright.PENANA24BoSqYu7e
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假170Please respect copyright.PENANA5POnKxdjHG
總共開咗104日170Please respect copyright.PENANAvNvDsxpsVS
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結170Please respect copyright.PENANAbaB21rGB3u
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)170Please respect copyright.PENANAo94VjHyKN1
咁從側面反映170Please respect copyright.PENANANp5bPOetWA
喺嗰時對各國嚟講170Please respect copyright.PENANAaSLvIabFhR
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大170Please respect copyright.PENANAxaemzsjv9r
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:170Please respect copyright.PENANAe1nFR3JkNF
1)剛果盆地歸屬170Please respect copyright.PENANAwFoPkqNz6z
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權170Please respect copyright.PENANAA3mA1RNS58
3)何謂“有效佔據”170Please respect copyright.PENANAXQ8ydZhRxD
關於第一個問題170Please respect copyright.PENANAn71hrOf8eN
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓170Please respect copyright.PENANAXyugEFrzSK
我就唔係呢度重覆喇170Please respect copyright.PENANApZEpglepTM
簡單重溫吓170Please respect copyright.PENANAwnKz8xRbbd
當時各國已經知道170Please respect copyright.PENANA2Zr1WUXHYd
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼170Please respect copyright.PENANAdpfTopQRxI
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇170Please respect copyright.PENANApe22mdZLU7
不過基於勢力平衡關係170Please respect copyright.PENANAknd1ydZbAY
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地170Please respect copyright.PENANAhIH2rbJER5
對各國都有好處170Please respect copyright.PENANAy9GLDYa1ah
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作170Please respect copyright.PENANA7alF38O3ye
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫170Please respect copyright.PENANA4AulOYIv7M
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果170Please respect copyright.PENANA0YcoiJOOQf
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸170Please respect copyright.PENANAnqWYXyV1vs
而北岸就歸法國所有170Please respect copyright.PENANAXVG4cHyQEd
就係咁170Please respect copyright.PENANAvuC3eGcw18
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯170Please respect copyright.PENANAkYYdxJBcno
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先170Please respect copyright.PENANA7GP4IbCRm5
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議170Please respect copyright.PENANArgcZKCduz9
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇170Please respect copyright.PENANAhJ0mmBSwhT
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議170Please respect copyright.PENANAMcnXMwb0pM
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯170Please respect copyright.PENANARRAMb2BUyR
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先170Please respect copyright.PENANAEulbLVe9uD
唔使咁心急住170Please respect copyright.PENANAu5yT0qF4l2
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇170Please respect copyright.PENANA0S0p66LQZP
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題170Please respect copyright.PENANA6vXgwO5YME
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河170Please respect copyright.PENANAOGcqlkeGvS
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道170Please respect copyright.PENANAooES03Vxj8
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題170Please respect copyright.PENANAUpN4aVbtmc
其實就相對簡單170Please respect copyright.PENANAs27Z2nJY8A
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易170Please respect copyright.PENANAw1YeZAeGnn
所以航行自由係必須嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANA96TX0GkfYP
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地170Please respect copyright.PENANAZ6MfcPNsq0
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益170Please respect copyright.PENANArYpdRIMsMS
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯170Please respect copyright.PENANAbLNQowId0C
得得得你坐番低先170Please respect copyright.PENANApdhjeYwsdw
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據170Please respect copyright.PENANASvY9v5nJsC
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題170Please respect copyright.PENANAp0BPxMCR3G
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法170Please respect copyright.PENANAdlEbkDCCDq
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後170Please respect copyright.PENANAWwZIZkTrVu
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔170Please respect copyright.PENANAYiF6arA0VE
嗰度就歸佢170Please respect copyright.PENANAVV5L37kLiL
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地170Please respect copyright.PENANAMEV1ge1Om0
對後來者其實相當唔公平170Please respect copyright.PENANAPWpTwSCr6a
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘170Please respect copyright.PENANAmMB2MRNcbx
並顯示對當地有實質控制170Please respect copyright.PENANAksE03U6z1l
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等170Please respect copyright.PENANAm8ZYpwcRaw
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國170Please respect copyright.PENANAmZ9qmn2pZD
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增170Please respect copyright.PENANA6PvNmiCnZB
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國170Please respect copyright.PENANAS1D2GbnEhf
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場170Please respect copyright.PENANAyucvR23vSC
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上170Please respect copyright.PENANA1mack2pJ25
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANAnoZN42aX6b
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外170Please respect copyright.PENANA3nepj78RRr
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地170Please respect copyright.PENANABd2C7pQdXm
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地170Please respect copyright.PENANAIL1SudDilC
都劃晒畀佢170Please respect copyright.PENANA9Z7GixCOZB
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊170Please respect copyright.PENANAvREIhT21Zj
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表170Please respect copyright.PENANA0aVqRawbKa
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇170Please respect copyright.PENANA2AZSLPxEd9
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話170Please respect copyright.PENANAuvAmCgsGzE
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大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?170Please respect copyright.PENANA3i9Y7hyCdy
唔係㗎嘛170Please respect copyright.PENANAAWdyJenlT2
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制170Please respect copyright.PENANAKtuiNwq2RM
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度170Please respect copyright.PENANAM8cQlXa5BI
以剛果河口為例170Please respect copyright.PENANAMwKW8vrdsT
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制170Please respect copyright.PENANA2um2W9ig1h
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件170Please respect copyright.PENANAwxB18hF0uj
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎170Please respect copyright.PENANAoSIDKqezoT
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會170Please respect copyright.PENANAU9bLxePeLI
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉170Please respect copyright.PENANAB5xBVnhFQ9
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議170Please respect copyright.PENANAZzyQVH3YMM
支持佢爭取剛果河口170Please respect copyright.PENANAmhgx2sj5j1
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面170Please respect copyright.PENANAT09lyaxd1j
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒170Please respect copyright.PENANA3RAtMGyg6y
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話170Please respect copyright.PENANAndHcASQbFM
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜170Please respect copyright.PENANAFvzgM6yUJR
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”170Please respect copyright.PENANAYEvrf2vinJ
是為非洲版過三關170Please respect copyright.PENANABe2c2Y51vE
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難170Please respect copyright.PENANAPqU3WCq3JI
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話170Please respect copyright.PENANAAmfJBmVX7D
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”170Please respect copyright.PENANA8O9NiLMQsV
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話170Please respect copyright.PENANAwwvlv0Je7N
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友170Please respect copyright.PENANAvAM1mIKjMB
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己170Please respect copyright.PENANA0LU7XHMtxA
轉向支持國際剛果協會170Please respect copyright.PENANAmWLdV9RUJC
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口170Please respect copyright.PENANA15peqsYqfO
獲得完全嘅外交勝利170Please respect copyright.PENANAo5LrzKDvqD
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割170Please respect copyright.PENANAOplCbZDoYn
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土170Please respect copyright.PENANAm6QHWAYD0w
自始成為一塊飛地170Please respect copyright.PENANAMVtrYeZZwH往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判170Please respect copyright.PENANAv2m2gVtSSK
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈170Please respect copyright.PENANAmwK6QwnUW3
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAbmEKKUzktJ
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞170Please respect copyright.PENANAGkCd94UO74
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAsR9IccjDLB
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等170Please respect copyright.PENANA1llojNEcSp
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生170Please respect copyright.PENANAeSIG9N1fuO
冇錯170Please respect copyright.PENANAVh6SAwwwy1
唔只你地170Please respect copyright.PENANAgeydWTeiQz
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜170Please respect copyright.PENANA1Aap1RkIv4
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言170Please respect copyright.PENANA7lKGUp1IHp
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」170Please respect copyright.PENANAuQZ1ZPAquN
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地170Please respect copyright.PENANAgbYds4QTN5
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割170Please respect copyright.PENANAgQomNk7yxd
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益170Please respect copyright.PENANAOB7TvTmezn
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼170Please respect copyright.PENANAuxwbqLHESN
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦170Please respect copyright.PENANACAABPomdsW
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANAwIQuFfJMlH
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界170Please respect copyright.PENANAQ4DePsXmcn
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊170Please respect copyright.PENANAeTUvD2LaX8
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咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭170Please respect copyright.PENANANMtxFMLFX0
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併170Please respect copyright.PENANA4IbtAUplyP
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動170Please respect copyright.PENANABLfIxzkgqO
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機170Please respect copyright.PENANAjzkXseapdS
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事170Please respect copyright.PENANAePbtpXfoy6
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講170Please respect copyright.PENANA2fwYymsku4
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割170Please respect copyright.PENANAZ8vn1Hfc9Z
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇170Please respect copyright.PENANAGrElKHgQ9B
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”170Please respect copyright.PENANAEKf8I7WIWA
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸170Please respect copyright.PENANAZJJYJL6PWX
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”170Please respect copyright.PENANAJPSaGOR3c6
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”170Please respect copyright.PENANA0Igj3gdBRr
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地170Please respect copyright.PENANAZZtwfTUbRK
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區170Please respect copyright.PENANAvEfKqdmsqf
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部170Please respect copyright.PENANA9qQ4OJJhct
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地170Please respect copyright.PENANAnVc3Jz46MD
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講170Please respect copyright.PENANA80xk4F3cE7
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先170Please respect copyright.PENANAZvmeucYzRW
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦170Please respect copyright.PENANAhfwwafWIFb
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵170Please respect copyright.PENANA6NqoaEAPnK
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的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架170Please respect copyright.PENANAmheiRbovCm
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕170Please respect copyright.PENANAPRscBgwfHi
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中170Please respect copyright.PENANAYfrwgzE4T1
一步步拆解分岐170Please respect copyright.PENANASjHMexRfte
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唔使動輒就要打要殺170Please respect copyright.PENANAmRv1z5p0Ap
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸170Please respect copyright.PENANAvefswVjUj2
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德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士170Please respect copyright.PENANAY2PRfyzij9
可以話係有今生冇來世
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就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅170Please respect copyright.PENANARyRji5NmN1
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲170Please respect copyright.PENANALm7iUbiHbE
終究有落幕嘅一日170Please respect copyright.PENANAbslQkb8RKM
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時170Please respect copyright.PENANAQcjPdqM06a
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡170Please respect copyright.PENANARHQxDZFsd8
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇170Please respect copyright.PENANAHNPbOlWsKr
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶170Please respect copyright.PENANAsVUUmap5eJ
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦170Please respect copyright.PENANApvoyj7BowO
1890年3月22號170Please respect copyright.PENANANTSYq3KkrB
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由170Please respect copyright.PENANAj5y0QoI1ce
迫令佢辭職170Please respect copyright.PENANA00WqPBJwFG
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台170Please respect copyright.PENANAd4lYH2AvvB
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解170Please respect copyright.PENANAz1d9dqrRwn
對列強嚟講170Please respect copyright.PENANA6m7CN6azxo
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴170Please respect copyright.PENANAsiDhBG6SJp
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈170Please respect copyright.PENANAAzw0yrX01q
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾170Please respect copyright.PENANA7nAFOA8va2
最終走向大戰⋯⋯170Please respect copyright.PENANAaubflmQtPG
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎170Please respect copyright.PENANAq3duQWQDTz
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國170Please respect copyright.PENANAo5fB4pAia8
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對170Please respect copyright.PENANAPED3bW1erW
歷史會唔會改寫呢?170Please respect copyright.PENANAWvuzHaFg0b
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?170Please respect copyright.PENANABRgWZnGfBH共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?170Please respect copyright.PENANAaTtFIHwOX9
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
170Please respect copyright.PENANAQFwASY6Odp
-完-
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