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德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒78Please respect copyright.PENANAj4vQvaSq5O
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍78Please respect copyright.PENANAR2PhM3judi
規模實在太細78Please respect copyright.PENANAOMfNROudSr
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展78Please respect copyright.PENANA72CTArZh3s
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊78Please respect copyright.PENANAg5zmHOYcIE
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指78Please respect copyright.PENANAwXAmeN3W4X
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因78Please respect copyright.PENANAJ5sYblAtwB
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展78Please respect copyright.PENANAzt5bGpfYXA
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭78Please respect copyright.PENANAXf7E4orazT
例如喺1867年尾78Please respect copyright.PENANAahSzCBYq1c
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥78Please respect copyright.PENANA6iseLPYiwV
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港78Please respect copyright.PENANAKkOqloe0vX
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停78Please respect copyright.PENANAUIai0CtOdX
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國78Please respect copyright.PENANA8SC1eruU0Z
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)78Please respect copyright.PENANA90OPHuUIjt
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚78Please respect copyright.PENANAwFUWR8x4op
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國78Please respect copyright.PENANA8Em4bEFbYd
以德國個地理位置78Please respect copyright.PENANAa1BOMqGoba
發展遠洋艦隊78Please respect copyright.PENANAlBTR2KtPmm
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源78Please respect copyright.PENANA5XJFBHbrD4
冇強大嘅海軍78Please respect copyright.PENANAyM6nKgDFFJ
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人78Please respect copyright.PENANAuL8TJ0cbNd
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦78Please respect copyright.PENANAt0H4sH4dDU
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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喺1860年代中期開始78Please respect copyright.PENANASnYSryxVmX
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各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情78Please respect copyright.PENANAgKIW0Nf65y
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團78Please respect copyright.PENANA8SXRmhHwXF
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國78Please respect copyright.PENANAF7ugdcqBEJ
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國78Please respect copyright.PENANAsmBylPZO5V
因為有國家機器加持78Please respect copyright.PENANAs6w37zDwJk
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAaTS4ttN3eN
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAhQ6ALqJIFP
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中78Please respect copyright.PENANARxstS3hEkf
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動78Please respect copyright.PENANAd533i39WXR
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好78Please respect copyright.PENANAnX9R74ZWbH
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場78Please respect copyright.PENANAVPYE2uHTb4
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAyTGT1GVpi8
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後78Please respect copyright.PENANAat3xWdjA2B
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟78Please respect copyright.PENANAzncciisT75
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以及三帝同盟續期78Please respect copyright.PENANAlgeVfacJvE
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎78Please respect copyright.PENANAQuU59BIWOZ
至少係表面上啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAPqyadBW0R6
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄78Please respect copyright.PENANAEOvnF3gLdP
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇78Please respect copyright.PENANA7AEn9luWZk
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英法喺會上嘅枱底交易78Please respect copyright.PENANAq3I11dRN0f
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點78Please respect copyright.PENANAXZavhghvqa
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上78Please respect copyright.PENANAkZNCChAS8U
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同78Please respect copyright.PENANAweT872NLq0
呢啲殖民地爭議78Please respect copyright.PENANAxQcrOVEZk2
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫78Please respect copyright.PENANAG81eTVMXMG
德國要參與其中78Please respect copyright.PENANA71Vq9tClyd
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話78Please respect copyright.PENANApzBnlAUUui
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠78Please respect copyright.PENANA9EXV2bIAXx
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手78Please respect copyright.PENANAUYHkjOLIyy
先可以埋枱玩78Please respect copyright.PENANAkNECf7Fg2k
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張78Please respect copyright.PENANAnIYcppIURS
喺1880年尾開始78Please respect copyright.PENANAoi6KLVlkY9
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構78Please respect copyright.PENANA5zJljA2Y1G
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見78Please respect copyright.PENANAMkSg0f4YLT
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀78Please respect copyright.PENANAtO660u5zY4
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;78Please respect copyright.PENANAlFfamSjii9
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅78Please respect copyright.PENANAdcl9MayYSC
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔78Please respect copyright.PENANAVZWIuRpwYh
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁78Please respect copyright.PENANAsNNTIOn9HJ
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫78Please respect copyright.PENANAoPIBqbAEIC
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度78Please respect copyright.PENANAxYIIaMW1we
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權78Please respect copyright.PENANAuf74cztv3S
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫78Please respect copyright.PENANAffGhPbg6JU
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇78Please respect copyright.PENANABB6d1yHS4i
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAYKauMUi9Zf
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話78Please respect copyright.PENANAAUWw3ScolK
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務78Please respect copyright.PENANAXBcsZbPjUN
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店78Please respect copyright.PENANAYDolrCEBPf
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上78Please respect copyright.PENANAiIjFMtTHBX
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAaNFaRITnGn
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國78Please respect copyright.PENANAkrEu7wLm54
而係啲私人企業78Please respect copyright.PENANAWXfbKwsaNo
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAn9HxX1ja04
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇78Please respect copyright.PENANA2Q2CdUTAyV
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大78Please respect copyright.PENANACtLzepSbDd
佢要嘅效果78Please respect copyright.PENANASkITpLOBvV
就係用最低成本78Please respect copyright.PENANAIxMcGDUydk
令德國喺短時間內78Please respect copyright.PENANA4gRg7zqigE
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地78Please respect copyright.PENANAX6K1zBlICU
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽78Please respect copyright.PENANAZJrECAzXHd
德國作為老三要做嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAzCsYSZPfbT
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力78Please respect copyright.PENANAsuntTA2qtd
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗78Please respect copyright.PENANAVdE6eI1KHH
自己喺歐陸先會安穩78Please respect copyright.PENANAfxBgRRLRDY
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇78Please respect copyright.PENANA79YMWYxAXh
而家就爭咁張賭枱78Please respect copyright.PENANA2TE9HwzqbM
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合78Please respect copyright.PENANAvCafRAWO9S
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中78Please respect copyright.PENANAmeoPI4n1Xj
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議78Please respect copyright.PENANAg3e62ilbNp
有越演越烈嘅趨勢78Please respect copyright.PENANA162MExpisl
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙78Please respect copyright.PENANAe6HMBQhLnN
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟78Please respect copyright.PENANAcxrM25gGQW
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議78Please respect copyright.PENANAqumkCYBzs8
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地78Please respect copyright.PENANANdvFcZnsYh
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)78Please respect copyright.PENANA2nekGF7ZT8
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整78Please respect copyright.PENANAIHobagk8oP
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點78Please respect copyright.PENANAXbmPB5Yeeb
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你78Please respect copyright.PENANAwEzSkK1yzF
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟78Please respect copyright.PENANAkUZ9spFPu3
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓78Please respect copyright.PENANAMBtZtlLF8k
都紛紛嚮應78Please respect copyright.PENANAQ5DxDABddK
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸78Please respect copyright.PENANAVaxP0nPWQO
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家78Please respect copyright.PENANA9dvk0XvbpV
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織78Please respect copyright.PENANA3KsN5miJH9
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)78Please respect copyright.PENANA4RqMQA1sN0
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別78Please respect copyright.PENANAidIGq6UWwG
嗰時冇飛機78Please respect copyright.PENANA44PDe04BN6
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會78Please respect copyright.PENANA2TyWT7g3KZ
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事78Please respect copyright.PENANAjs4UwUQcjo
好似上次柏林會議78Please respect copyright.PENANALGajW6MJWm
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人78Please respect copyright.PENANAJEYO2lLGXy
相反今次嚟開會嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAXTNVNcrxE7
都係各國駐柏林大使78Please respect copyright.PENANA7UxUDpeGlD
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAQY6oUHiLjG
每當要決定某啲事務時78Please respect copyright.PENANArohYnIeBqz
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首78Please respect copyright.PENANAdSMk8q8Rag
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假78Please respect copyright.PENANALdsFpiaFkh
總共開咗104日78Please respect copyright.PENANAX6V86MgTYa
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結78Please respect copyright.PENANAL6ypOJNnmd
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)78Please respect copyright.PENANA7Ilqr6Gs2K
咁從側面反映78Please respect copyright.PENANAJkFCOIrXsy
喺嗰時對各國嚟講78Please respect copyright.PENANAFpXa0kd8CH
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大78Please respect copyright.PENANApjkT0V9ROr
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:78Please respect copyright.PENANAuD7bjFi9Sg
1)剛果盆地歸屬78Please respect copyright.PENANAcKUNRULZGA
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權78Please respect copyright.PENANAeT1STJb88M
3)何謂“有效佔據”78Please respect copyright.PENANAZSUYh1g9hP
關於第一個問題78Please respect copyright.PENANAjXDz7U2Fre
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓78Please respect copyright.PENANAqYu3wvQtgH
我就唔係呢度重覆喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAypoU4tAdV9
簡單重溫吓78Please respect copyright.PENANACMLK3k8krw
當時各國已經知道78Please respect copyright.PENANAPgrGIhtJ7d
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼78Please respect copyright.PENANA4HTi6V7qCq
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAQOkHwlAPtX
不過基於勢力平衡關係78Please respect copyright.PENANAv8hJFhYVB2
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地78Please respect copyright.PENANArkw6SDK78E
對各國都有好處78Please respect copyright.PENANAGbSidOuKuV
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作78Please respect copyright.PENANA7i5jwHqL24
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫78Please respect copyright.PENANAfUe7JxehCL
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果78Please respect copyright.PENANA0VQshVg0wj
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸78Please respect copyright.PENANAR63Umj5d8L
而北岸就歸法國所有78Please respect copyright.PENANAUeWhq7puLW
就係咁78Please respect copyright.PENANANPtmVywpoK
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯78Please respect copyright.PENANAXDBJeALeod
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先78Please respect copyright.PENANAG2vbHcev8G
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議78Please respect copyright.PENANAYZ1V1CUD8q
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAkQlXObLqM7
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議78Please respect copyright.PENANAPlpJKiT2My
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯78Please respect copyright.PENANAHS6owY6QZI
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先78Please respect copyright.PENANAKKZRQg2WMI
唔使咁心急住78Please respect copyright.PENANA5ghhCd541W
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇78Please respect copyright.PENANASNmtDehdmv
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題78Please respect copyright.PENANA2aWvSYIyPY
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河78Please respect copyright.PENANAQAWjSEF1eL
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道78Please respect copyright.PENANA8MQW19wSVo
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題78Please respect copyright.PENANAxTiuWfUggm
其實就相對簡單78Please respect copyright.PENANAjTc1Apvsux
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易78Please respect copyright.PENANAj36q9wp7Gu
所以航行自由係必須嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAyZpGqvg9r3
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地78Please respect copyright.PENANA7P01CgquVa
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益78Please respect copyright.PENANARhD6HTG5Ms
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯78Please respect copyright.PENANAV04O9sQIWw
得得得你坐番低先78Please respect copyright.PENANAowOJVZeTv4
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據78Please respect copyright.PENANAtzQ0ysTj5Z
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題78Please respect copyright.PENANAB0Xhyos2HT
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法78Please respect copyright.PENANAmIYktJi6r4
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後78Please respect copyright.PENANAkwViLp4yub
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔78Please respect copyright.PENANAp2JUOugOV8
嗰度就歸佢78Please respect copyright.PENANA2vhtUPptzz
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地78Please respect copyright.PENANATkJx1qvZVH
對後來者其實相當唔公平78Please respect copyright.PENANA904CVGoea6
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘78Please respect copyright.PENANALEkAsXXw9k
並顯示對當地有實質控制78Please respect copyright.PENANAJd0otwTAjE
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等78Please respect copyright.PENANAec6fCmz4zs
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國78Please respect copyright.PENANAot5j2BfaHr
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增78Please respect copyright.PENANA2SOy8uxFI2
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAthX7XjsLth
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會78Please respect copyright.PENANABWv7vybEqM
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國78Please respect copyright.PENANAtelaZRNDyM
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場78Please respect copyright.PENANALyTQLs2GMh
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上78Please respect copyright.PENANAtcD1AUjTZe
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANA22Qe0myk9C
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外78Please respect copyright.PENANAiBBY9aw2Ma
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地78Please respect copyright.PENANAxMRKbIYyUy
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地78Please respect copyright.PENANAso4ICzuyI3
都劃晒畀佢78Please respect copyright.PENANAOHHvM0ydz9
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊78Please respect copyright.PENANAr546ePMm6p
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表78Please respect copyright.PENANAI6I6ose9cx
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAu3NYTS0MAq
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話78Please respect copyright.PENANA8Ip13rSlaz
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAdJfsvV6VHS
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?78Please respect copyright.PENANAR2k5bKlQ0u
唔係㗎嘛78Please respect copyright.PENANAQEFMHfboci
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制78Please respect copyright.PENANAtFMs7I5emJ
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度78Please respect copyright.PENANAC51Ma4zTMc
以剛果河口為例78Please respect copyright.PENANAUAQvNZdTrd
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制78Please respect copyright.PENANAFCl8ebSgDd
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件78Please respect copyright.PENANACqNlF4dXmy
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎78Please respect copyright.PENANAD9MRdzCtgX
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會78Please respect copyright.PENANAmQ0zoreNv3
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉78Please respect copyright.PENANAJYFYWutYwx
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議78Please respect copyright.PENANADHWGGXxBNZ
支持佢爭取剛果河口78Please respect copyright.PENANAbZHgfmMmlb
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面78Please respect copyright.PENANAllNjiJbFQh
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒78Please respect copyright.PENANAtNjOqkWxrC
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話78Please respect copyright.PENANAJz1I1riysM
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜78Please respect copyright.PENANAZAg4SgOLIf
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”78Please respect copyright.PENANA4PbFZn1u2s
是為非洲版過三關78Please respect copyright.PENANA28D41NlTdD
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難78Please respect copyright.PENANAkltmGSOC8e
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話78Please respect copyright.PENANAnMsudvrjfK
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”78Please respect copyright.PENANAHk4LwPqhjD
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話78Please respect copyright.PENANAvTg0HsKUJ0
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友78Please respect copyright.PENANAqWeWEKtejB
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己78Please respect copyright.PENANA0OkEkiN3lj
轉向支持國際剛果協會78Please respect copyright.PENANA4YuoqZXWTs
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口78Please respect copyright.PENANArDthv9fVKX
獲得完全嘅外交勝利78Please respect copyright.PENANAKjJxMhiL20
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割78Please respect copyright.PENANAO8HDZqUIcf
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土78Please respect copyright.PENANA0h5XUMtxC0
自始成為一塊飛地78Please respect copyright.PENANAfOi0guvnaQ往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判78Please respect copyright.PENANAWA5VDmCrJT
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈78Please respect copyright.PENANAU1YJntSW5g
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAMYs3Wn5MR2
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞78Please respect copyright.PENANAalb2KWHD1Z
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAR5BHwNTidT
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等78Please respect copyright.PENANATiUyxDMiZt
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生78Please respect copyright.PENANATdlcNFPXtP
冇錯78Please respect copyright.PENANA9ixajGGnYF
唔只你地78Please respect copyright.PENANAeYNg33LBPw
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜78Please respect copyright.PENANAmdEl04ct6V
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言78Please respect copyright.PENANA9sXxDz6oD0
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」78Please respect copyright.PENANAjROfJdReWQ
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地78Please respect copyright.PENANAdvS0cO85RY
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割78Please respect copyright.PENANAvoKMoYN7Mj
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益78Please respect copyright.PENANAVWbk41DJBa
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼78Please respect copyright.PENANANNTpymEGb9
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAcYNgl6jtLS
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAN3gkmMkqyL
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界78Please respect copyright.PENANAo6sAVHOhzC
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊78Please respect copyright.PENANA4UJyreLCbB
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家78Please respect copyright.PENANAHFxtsGK4Fb
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭78Please respect copyright.PENANAmJR7xl6JuP
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併78Please respect copyright.PENANABIbBViWMbh
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動78Please respect copyright.PENANATbIrsDJ9CG
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機78Please respect copyright.PENANABqQA16mQBV
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事78Please respect copyright.PENANAuhb37QaN9q
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講78Please respect copyright.PENANAW8VO8ZTyMs
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到78Please respect copyright.PENANA1jAqzHA0VX
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割78Please respect copyright.PENANACaA8dw7IHc
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAyZa18PT2bm
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”78Please respect copyright.PENANA2GPQHyLpA3
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸78Please respect copyright.PENANAsF3RadqAlg
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”78Please respect copyright.PENANAVixDp8Acq2
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”78Please respect copyright.PENANAJfJCbGvucV
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地78Please respect copyright.PENANA0E9xlqMJLv
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區78Please respect copyright.PENANACO24yDN9W1
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部78Please respect copyright.PENANAGUW2gsFdZZ
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地78Please respect copyright.PENANABl0STdFPmO
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講78Please respect copyright.PENANAydE1lnViRc
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先78Please respect copyright.PENANAcKyLpLhu61
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAwzHpakDOls
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵78Please respect copyright.PENANA2wDyWc0Apx
不過喺嗰時78Please respect copyright.PENANAzLRTQpGsP4
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架78Please respect copyright.PENANAsKi3WrvH9z
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕78Please respect copyright.PENANAk1zjxnNR2i
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中78Please respect copyright.PENANAov5dHBQQo9
一步步拆解分岐78Please respect copyright.PENANATDWhdgnj27
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案78Please respect copyright.PENANAUe4vJ2cwb0
唔使動輒就要打要殺78Please respect copyright.PENANAulvshXUoX7
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸78Please respect copyright.PENANAuNbPDtig2N
以發展佢嘅經濟78Please respect copyright.PENANAk0Fi3ydqAD
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士78Please respect copyright.PENANADutxE5amhf
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體78Please respect copyright.PENANABCT2TLiS0A
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅78Please respect copyright.PENANAA6BFsR8lNu
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲78Please respect copyright.PENANA7KNUaUkbf0
終究有落幕嘅一日78Please respect copyright.PENANAYyFziLvNro
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時78Please respect copyright.PENANARG43S7xhMq
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡78Please respect copyright.PENANAf8k5xpZ38V
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇78Please respect copyright.PENANAwjE7SwBVAV
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶78Please respect copyright.PENANAdz7QDN0uWr
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦78Please respect copyright.PENANAwZYJRaEwBs
1890年3月22號78Please respect copyright.PENANAKzMqu3Y9rp
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由78Please respect copyright.PENANAuUzsa3fcX3
迫令佢辭職78Please respect copyright.PENANAzmLVFKiPfN
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台78Please respect copyright.PENANApS092E3UmW
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解78Please respect copyright.PENANAig3cFD2eZP
對列強嚟講78Please respect copyright.PENANAVI2YCHIece
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴78Please respect copyright.PENANA0eyciY2gp0
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈78Please respect copyright.PENANAb5HM419gNF
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾78Please respect copyright.PENANAm4b9ZUamR7
最終走向大戰⋯⋯78Please respect copyright.PENANAHAF4F7iYil
有時不禁會諗78Please respect copyright.PENANAUfTShSOVcw
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎78Please respect copyright.PENANAOR3K3Qv05F
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國78Please respect copyright.PENANAsorckih6aD
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對78Please respect copyright.PENANAH7bT4RCqjx
歷史會唔會改寫呢?78Please respect copyright.PENANAwXh7XdZVA8
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?78Please respect copyright.PENANAU2h0wMjDPr共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?78Please respect copyright.PENANA3fCG74oSdP
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我78Please respect copyright.PENANAkq78H5mHA2
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
78Please respect copyright.PENANAjDbEXQMlhM
-完-
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