好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡggtgKIQpzq
正如上面所講140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5svmHjDWQy
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYhk8Vi68Sa
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ96XbJh9kOa
規模實在太細140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6GSHmmaeP1
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoQbvYiu7Zx
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYLR84Fox35
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡROpXv6Ktly
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKydfVFWY2r
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRceeq0U9yY
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6w31MOiyL4
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6kqTB596Vz
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmIxfQVZ4DP
例如喺1867年尾140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPxxyGnJxg5
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9q7IBsT2GL
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyRGb057NB8
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkS6mTZqW43
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbHYfs1ZHF2
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyKj4dk8oto
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsZbOHd5P1T
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTOfBtXVwJT
以德國個地理位置140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6cWQaPCit
發展遠洋艦隊140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiUKdelfVfR
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpsnFHm0wpF
冇強大嘅海軍140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJONTsyQO8j
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQPBHZnNMuy
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDPkJKaO1lS
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiSmFdZJxfF
喺1860年代中期開始140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh4p1CooWLl
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmEH2gkWa4b
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmm1S1eoJkR
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWX9pRgbNK
諗住入去分一杯羹140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡukdcC05vWr
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡowKtF3JbN9
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgwjnY1LR2V
因為有國家機器加持140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4NunTOwU8B
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlvjhd0MIkt
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1LXC9yabYs
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL1OwPemDCc
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOdm0Y8zmdh
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvF41HI80yi
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR3OcADJzcp
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrU3xhrlWN2
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPwhwQzzAE7
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlEVdsw0HPy
而德奧意三國同盟140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE9v1nSr7X0
以及三帝同盟續期140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyf8Wie6bv8
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY8pYEphpWp
至少係表面上啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqjPHew08F2
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjhhiXb262m
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi8zkAl7cVI
另一方面140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhqLZsZOqMs
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5sSvGucPHc
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUoF958sbSr
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmVKfXlkaq8
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXiHBj8O5K5
呢啲殖民地爭議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡym8GLZgWRc
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4mPmQlKw5q
德國要參與其中140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyIR6dOOgKI
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5sQF2vwkJn
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM9QRF9Fkix
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY8kKA7wUuW
先可以埋枱玩140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpAGzuBeK6l
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLGbtQuemNb
喺1880年尾開始140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFyfCgidq8E
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIOo8VL6qjz
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxR8e24WxJP
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6C4j7DJRYb
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲（納米比亞）；7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆；140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcq3DkA0khg
1885年2月-德屬東非（坦桑尼亞）；4月-肯雅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe64thsEETa
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBitTLjWpLv
於是德國喺一年間140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMwHkckO5b4
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVlruJ80h5E
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbeKZiqYyIj
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsrrHarg3Kk
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL0JeIydkGO
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVgbJ6xyCEj
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4pJBaKf1eC
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡughHFWdhRQ
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7xcQ7zMZtC
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLqzruz7Zzp
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM3jy6I590o
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAbTpykCusw
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcCnj5AegHD
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTzi0pOxxwQ
而係啲私人企業140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM5234hKC0s
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLxzF1biutd
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPIUkOwS5WQ
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6ddETVp63l
佢要嘅效果140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa69v6mpdho
就係用最低成本140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5mw8bDLy67
令德國喺短時間內140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYsMFpSmmRl
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3dWiNvcdam
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiuQxvLZCQn
德國作為老三要做嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgUn8vn0c4l
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5PyaOAWc0I
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrO3myfwW1F
自己喺歐陸先會安穩140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS7y9eC9FuC
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUzdIjDl47v
而家就爭咁張賭枱140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5y1RHxUu73
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMeouoMzoQl
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVjUxYOil1T
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ZdGwZEGLw
有越演越烈嘅趨勢140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8itV8laxGB
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGlO6gE1bPp
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4JIvIjuiFc
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9kozm4htUs
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiDPsaAQrHk
（即現今安哥拉，詳情請參閱第二集）140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlXxIVQ2Gno
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxnAjeuHL53
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpaRkxKDc5p
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlxUncsm7k7
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6pDhiVX220
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkTKX4idwHt
都紛紛嚮應140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjFBQHiVf8d
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw2cY7vtPp1
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuihoMsrQUR
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDzWOY8aDH3
（比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加）140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2IRjVNeLm0
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrp9RsdaO1G
嗰時冇飛機140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsaKYJq3Gja
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJzsTzbXkIv
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGIQQuCzQSs
好似上次柏林會議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVcJhbnm82d
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvMN7q0JuaJ
相反今次嚟開會嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmQ2cLcWDXB
都係各國駐柏林大使140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5S0OhBKrX3
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7uvE0ttbVp
每當要決定某啲事務時140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl2EXhLVTrT
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRYWRPzePVM
所以個會都拖到幾長吓140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtR171q2Rtw
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1Ef9XgNTMd
總共開咗104日140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL9qrIVVrGA
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1V2YvnnpzC
（對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月）140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqTaihvajJm
咁從側面反映140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg5Mfb8fesa
喺嗰時對各國嚟講140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXKthrzKwTo
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNQ0OaMe8zY
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有：140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKPkY3uZjER
1)剛果盆地歸屬140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9sdEJ4XRh8
2)兩大水系（尼日河同剛果河）航權140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuaplOR1Cfg
3)何謂“有效佔據”140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkeCf4OLyJG
關於第一個問題140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWsVyI3h7Cr
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyLkhjfCumN
我就唔係呢度重覆喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxntlwpBltR
簡單重溫吓140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR6qEZ4rIEH
當時各國已經知道140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8uwh5XzVHp
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3T32EXiUX0
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2H3ZO3LtLV
不過基於勢力平衡關係140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuj7KdQZueA
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZQT07PwoQw
對各國都有好處140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8QUUg5De06
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHKnnEgjeaS
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBNe7WPHWpW
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXIu8GluWZ9
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXiWIiwEzJp
而北岸就歸法國所有140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJUSI4tysdf
就係咁140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgXTztNRXaG
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXXziy0npKr
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZTXMVuglrz
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRkkDO6jOAx
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrI5OS2Cw76
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjSIVHonQPM
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ04MMYz1rLR
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrFGxCwIRJW
唔使咁心急住140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCd7mA5LWQQ
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ28kthV8aeV
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWg4v4Wc7B
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7T3Tpifdfv
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCpalgLWzPM
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcS2qmvnXQ9
其實就相對簡單140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAWLczYDWtu
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6DytE3odxm
所以航行自由係必須嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoCXbfQRHHs
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTtOo25kr41
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqYIfOf5HlP
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHSc6Eqyh0l
得得得你坐番低先140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNh02DcRipG
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPGM3DrDYvt
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDXsNazhhfy
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFSjBf1Vdsd
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrkmKgtAgbf
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7oDonV0X5j
嗰度就歸佢140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUhO4GNdFxN
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7XonbE8HdF
對後來者其實相當唔公平140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj56o9oPjKm
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡifJpOMvTyw
並顯示對當地有實質控制140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5jc5EeBEUw
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI7HBVPaiIS
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9mjWlahBVH
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDxzYcinYvw
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxq27DrE4Zo
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcGrvp4ZrSC
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3S6Rj2H13z
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPt6zcH3DwJ
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgDmfpXryMD
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ56quap95y5
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtTIM7E5B5b
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ51HFeWa2Ee
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqHwePIANbi
都劃晒畀佢140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJted6ewfRj
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEo6dXgWN5W
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1CO9u4Tdjc
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdf1N2U5yTo
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg6qkp0IBve
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVoYCs9iPFW
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1LyYzGRox0
唔係㗎嘛140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4i5XUonMtM
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1kVBehpweu
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfBmBQ8U8UY
以剛果河口為例140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEPUPoRQ07B
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMbEzeMboYE
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBLtNDd8qGz
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbpHjKOPtCA
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwPyP0diBcd
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCvr6KxCfOM
大家有冇異議?
本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjz106908jL
支持佢爭取剛果河口140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWRerRmDAqg
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMKoeViAnlk
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnP2qzViTpC
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡog8dhZgtMY
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpMRy5raxXU
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNuRG9oPZQf
是為非洲版過三關140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLI1QYMPR1N
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUjeEgVDGbb
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT5OCUxk1jN
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHIxjQcLN2R
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh7i5cKch4H
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh6RnOv8yW6
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpZNpUm5AV2
轉向支持國際剛果協會140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWv9TLzdpSl
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAIZf49d54u
獲得完全嘅外交勝利140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpKXnVDTlwn
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRlbvoIjdPm
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhFfheSMq7s
自始成為一塊飛地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhLWlCLyYsZ往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpRDUSnwNYT
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMEBaReU0QZ
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaQFCF9bEUJ
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0npfX6iUsE
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCvjlbsZ6ZQ
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdZwv5pd1pU
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqMBI2GylGo
冇錯140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWByQf0pBZi
唔只你地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1q4dpAW9Ww
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuytTcMeYwc
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo4iZBWHzyY
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地，實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1MnTOlpQyI
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnvAUUFv8Jt
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡctjAxA11sf
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSlCiNTZusF
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTdkt4ciAku
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL7Gq7bMZK4
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr603Vb0Sui
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8s1C7dNnl
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEktz12rND7
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuOuXOl3N9y
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo6xwz9ZS7Q
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLqiF0QGriM
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡElAg6M0oAZ
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡumG955mnqR
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3fwN2UgwIw
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXj2stpc01P
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk6T8NdoBFe
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB4RS9SNzGS
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb2tRyn95vd
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV3lynVKL5W
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9a2VInX5Rl
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ89TAGqOH8L
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoVQyskE9dF
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2n6mM6kzh7
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqM64mou1iC
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbt2MWncCpx
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGvENCA9BYJ
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQOUo1Ziy0z
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVu5DmH6M3M
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoJyyP2TGgj
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡECVzAvLUFW
不過喺嗰時140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ27vHHfPYtq
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb0bcNNdbhX
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXAP36gL9HU
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIQAOaJ470j
一步步拆解分岐140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4cb8RyO3eq
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEVG21UCmDQ
唔使動輒就要打要殺140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyEEzh91JkI
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡig8m4MU5Bg
以發展佢嘅經濟140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvIxNvdNDtM
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE5SXfDNIIU
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf8x0piL7nc
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkr4lK1srx8
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOFfjNCi0QJ
終究有落幕嘅一日140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtS7qyoKNAe
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXU4KTYwrdE
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd6bzp2aLNL
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ05XGTSXHwj
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFGKf4PHHrS
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡENpiBhfw0R
1890年3月22號140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqAElqaed9f
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPtnkRIXpFo
迫令佢辭職140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡac4b9f5KgT
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7JDHUBBlxK
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCMLVfjYYK0
對列強嚟講140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUQKMrBKwPO
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNb2slPRZMY
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBO2N5Y43X4
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI6tcVe19cH
最終走向大戰⋯⋯140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡopEsXIsAP0
有時不禁會諗140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcbl7N0n3CW
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHAlhRWA8IF
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ22wbWMvjan
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeZuXK7s2zM
歷史會唔會改寫呢?140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK64yQavWfE
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLKz6D3ySty共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe81umF9qwp
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdt54YaCp4x
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
140Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP4IUsxNqOl
-完-
ns216.73.216.211da2
然後按「加至主畫面」