好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFEWlH4gQWX
正如上面所講104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4gBlF3c6EQ
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPv8AsRYlCT
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjA51iELFka
規模實在太細104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwHffIZ8pGh
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡldU3HtWnN2
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡloAfsgRG02
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVbVxePYcbP
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfy502iHuex
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7qDVByHHrb
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKTjsU6eypC
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZIyckz3D5E
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfPrWIp8cIp
例如喺1867年尾104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnd3ArzqZno
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8eB9xV610k
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrlGayDBhmD
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡezyJUn4UiR
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCKLfwQ0FKK
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoT9rjGzNwy
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIzxFqitt1i
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRcHQeKxhTO
以德國個地理位置104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtkRaNYkIpZ
發展遠洋艦隊104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf27mEs9jVa
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfEUej1O0m6
冇強大嘅海軍104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmSBhbXIPbw
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI6c3vFzOl9
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlPai9DsDck
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoCqj9d0Ubp
喺1860年代中期開始104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW0nePunHUi
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkIZsr6fn4g
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8DXiseDyul
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIAVLG9bSN2
諗住入去分一杯羹104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6J2aBov8ww
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtBuKjpO9t7
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaRJvoMUF2W
因為有國家機器加持104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBKE03BImli
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ35cpL6E4sw
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3rsZ2pqlYV
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDnLb9f2jbH
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJbnx9yFpmK
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyByZfI5W39
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpkSDoM085e
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA0XBo8kmtQ
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn9df8YIglU
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd5vOMti69u
而德奧意三國同盟104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQiUR36DBgE
以及三帝同盟續期104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiU80NXzqsr
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW48Io4oyQM
至少係表面上啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkhe4LAo3ta
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuGvbplnenT
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPB7EWgfCqh
另一方面104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6TLZzpu5h8
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwNP3VjAsRZ
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu9QaeTJvSa
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRB71Eadidy
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHgsHPqCRHw
呢啲殖民地爭議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡinNpGKjWzW
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtbwnEjfnVr
德國要參與其中104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnyUhDyScQr
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl2DQLP3NgD
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8vqJDT7CCQ
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ89tuGneKAF
先可以埋枱玩104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFZ4HSRNsEd
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7YGi5rNnok
喺1880年尾開始104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi7337ZWgGp
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPVgGBjWlCf
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU8BMQHPYKf
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2l400GZHPw
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲（納米比亞）；7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆；104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhLYrnndRyN
1885年2月-德屬東非（坦桑尼亞）；4月-肯雅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRHFoRrIZW0
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJnIcymIhQo
於是德國喺一年間104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNEcYk4P9X9
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcGAAGEFGwO
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuB0HVowSWA
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡktMe32zyrY
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxFC1SU8wwl
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYz2RyWPAXJ
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ192CGqShuP
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ippIwPKRD
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6XMDnE848T
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWzkmqvKsT5
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡShU6lXgZpr
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoGBPECPsnk
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyjhobj6SpA
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxJcYDSUSxg
而係啲私人企業104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbLh7csSdIq
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjJm5wf4Fhc
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXaGGSq06Fu
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaH6Uc403hz
佢要嘅效果104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSIiOkIlpwl
就係用最低成本104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNz7TEHzEpl
令德國喺短時間內104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡffg5j2jExA
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw0bY2Rqcoa
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4rOHWi4RYN
德國作為老三要做嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC3lJmqOIJ0
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9oGmliLeo6
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDsHfs9TO83
自己喺歐陸先會安穩104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6BtgQe7pWg
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm7cS4qd2Wy
而家就爭咁張賭枱104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOgA9Yd5KqD
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGI6HJPv3eO
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUgJAowVKRK
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA5KbVDVBYv
有越演越烈嘅趨勢104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhNIpv2mP11
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUnLq3jrV5w
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVMlsoW27kT
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJBNIVVKNOv
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrHKTzj8Jkr
（即現今安哥拉，詳情請參閱第二集）104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYPQglB8HKg
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2k4aEj3hmG
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ04lo7QVCQH
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0BgzleWM6t
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb8JWdhX3HB
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSsTPA1Pehh
都紛紛嚮應104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡteSgmiQ6Tq
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxO9SPIfNAd
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbIp3wGj6uo
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0lZecn8Sg8
（比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加）104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRQNSTQqDRb
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1jSiNnaUvR
嗰時冇飛機104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡheEjB8maHQ
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPwzFrVteqB
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEKqgBV0OFI
好似上次柏林會議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUS1oyU2lHR
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZGnuLeKhfB
相反今次嚟開會嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuGRk484xyS
都係各國駐柏林大使104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1u00pG131n
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2zArxMWDtn
每當要決定某啲事務時104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡahrfhEPeNa
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCjmBLSR7Br
所以個會都拖到幾長吓104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9JZgkgkk77
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQOgKDN9tsh
總共開咗104日104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3XPve5GcZX
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHr6bT0ioiE
（對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月）104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJgx4UKQkD9
咁從側面反映104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNimPtB3Kmt
喺嗰時對各國嚟講104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ3RbtIxPCo
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEd1senOXLs
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有：104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡADqI4mj9OH
1)剛果盆地歸屬104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl65fWHOxTh
2)兩大水系（尼日河同剛果河）航權104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNOdGmy3OFO
3)何謂“有效佔據”104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVW635mRj5u
關於第一個問題104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡctbFQaqKa9
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjqfGQKQk9N
我就唔係呢度重覆喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3JI0QIFBVc
簡單重溫吓104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ14VpvDicKT
當時各國已經知道104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3pAwSEMrK0
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM48G2F1Nxl
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwUrlik1PR8
不過基於勢力平衡關係104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡULtFCpSnyO
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUHbeH9N7hG
對各國都有好處104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsaiqskAJGi
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiRqBQaSAmp
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXsUj1rj1JH
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQj9abqmP1f
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH1Sskw5m9C
而北岸就歸法國所有104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrUe6gWOLx7
就係咁104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡACnkptGttu
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7P5rEm5HGn
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2wKumCKDas
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfmGoKcKOq0
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9TKhw3ZfcZ
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEbc4IO26Vh
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn7UYY6p6if
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2hc4rrHHrz
唔使咁心急住104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM0oeyc1CsP
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNalzTViDsh
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeNKeivA87y
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQFGhpkZkr5
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvXbvrG78Fr
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6sd2cpEfbb
其實就相對簡單104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFMKaOsGFQ5
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡShtIsguW9p
所以航行自由係必須嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnU09Sp1BnL
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3FRWEqpYhI
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPKzQlriUgp
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdWTpALiSDZ
得得得你坐番低先104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyG2J4MCHTP
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXtjNmb3F8g
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtyxTeLHip1
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUgBUWMHUTq
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK7ZVHu76HP
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzQ8tmjbOS5
嗰度就歸佢104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrsE7t0LuV6
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqIKJOOg5RV
對後來者其實相當唔公平104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyhSSYJ4OsH
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaF7bauIjLw
並顯示對當地有實質控制104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpwYb9BzIt7
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwToiHQ4Goq
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7PEpykZutW
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXJXb3OBbT2
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxFI6Af7xRJ
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSd2pHRuJbN
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVp7Y875m6p
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxEfNak2IAs
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHSPtfZnfAE
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5uz5PVeHOt
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKaeSrbbr95
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhUif0emv2E
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvSWdTCMjD3
都劃晒畀佢104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdyED2HeDRC
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy8pRk1sZTp
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlctFVoVLyF
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1YvnfgqzUj
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbBl3elWuK7
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJKl9JzqtaW
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjEhmzlbQJZ
唔係㗎嘛104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9whx1yHUv4
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuWkVkxM8uK
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhQII8JZIZD
以剛果河口為例104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBgMI2ZbjhR
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDdTx24v5x5
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdf9oU8QLjS
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaduwUzgFOd
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXeT9aYKwLR
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrga1H7q0hl
大家有冇異議?
本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMJAy19nWTi
支持佢爭取剛果河口104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsQtfwcBpan
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSrZhl1lh3w
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk6DWBDlJQk
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLPtRiV7ehG
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3hajoKS1GJ
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWF44b1ZEOf
是為非洲版過三關104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRNZWIriDJX
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv0s2XXGvHv
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyJTOqpCgDC
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyOgf5pOVwY
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsTpHkBKgPi
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMVs8bbwTTl
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsZVV59ahMr
轉向支持國際剛果協會104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwZqVXta3lh
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOG3K2HiGCJ
獲得完全嘅外交勝利104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ32VQg9LPsa
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb8Zew3OcDU
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuEPOVcqvIX
自始成為一塊飛地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz0rrXKVn1H往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoPEdltrKK9
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3LKTuYJo6d
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ONxRylLJT
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbVfMVVX2E4
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs1QZLeNeUg
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN2cfPGykXZ
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdYJA8IWREr
冇錯104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUL1vrBBTs1
唔只你地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkTGp9GcQM8
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ39iPNAULix
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPiGUxrmNCm
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地，實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzU9otEE9zQ
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4daWfdf4Xd
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfbWgRQ32Qz
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZNA4C4R8gW
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsFvc0Z1mQl
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnyxbailg9Z
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhEAE5MWs9q
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp70lAkZLZz
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvEHAaJPq44
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW53fXFr7rf
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhPiVglaQ0G
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKZ9TfcsYqw
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQkzMT1RKxl
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbRseH39gj5
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7f2zdmSjCk
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6c7chhWzPt
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyVT93phuGc
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmzH4BXwOgs
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcxXIteFlPj
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSCwxZ6o7eQ
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD2QzQBQycg
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqsVC6S3TXB
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWI1QkjIht1
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ1qEfsZXqF
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡalI6arZXhj
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGNdvmxNtG6
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKygZnGsSNN
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuxpLDzRB4o
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzbNyCFFIXE
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ipVWoHMBC
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmdrQ8WKlsN
不過喺嗰時104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSgtQIqY78o
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrkUptnS0Cr
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvZg0EMlqrv
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDImK1AQotQ
一步步拆解分岐104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLbcVMXqMAE
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXA3b7GFw5B
唔使動輒就要打要殺104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgpkxWJlXzm
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlnrYguSVKu
以發展佢嘅經濟104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJv0J1M1UO2
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBYiPyMyfCE
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM9dHBz59nV
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpSYVi5nwtG
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmp6q9rkuKG
終究有落幕嘅一日104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpqayTrWTPr
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvOcxqeEpoM
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqJFVuq1l6h
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Qm4zOxnfG
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt0YvE5Vag3
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqPI55Strcj
1890年3月22號104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ29v6zgma65
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6AaOwSUqem
迫令佢辭職104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg8i2vr7Pu0
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt0acJfSCev
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPVcpDxD82Q
對列強嚟講104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRyXcYtm5Vt
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWgXMQ207Tc
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9qqaKKwNRA
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAdJITHr9jm
最終走向大戰⋯⋯104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlGOxLTsJlT
有時不禁會諗104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJL38AlW209
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeRfiyrIjIo
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuPEdD2RoBG
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq2FxWKacvb
歷史會唔會改寫呢?104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQQ0lCUeMBd
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIGDElBLnnL共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0m7aqBSNky
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCFUNBH4uBp
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
104Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8EgTxO0FZE
-完-
ns3.148.170.88da2
然後按「加至主畫面」