
今集講講呢隻來自南美、名叫奎寧嘅蝴蝶70Please respect copyright.PENANAE6px4NWwnD
係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴70Please respect copyright.PENANAo9d4NVFrdi
當初歐洲佬唔係笨撚柒70Please respect copyright.PENANAUHvKWbSRsI
佢地當然知道直接殖民非洲70Please respect copyright.PENANAIy4jkBAuEA
係可以減省好多運輸奴隸嘅開支啦70Please respect copyright.PENANALZbD9Q4Cqs
事實上佢地一早就佔領晒非洲外圍嘅群島70Please respect copyright.PENANA9Kz39jwLox
並喺嗰度利用黑奴建立起一個個嘅種植園70Please respect copyright.PENANAQ2jC5AhBSX
規模仲相當之大70Please respect copyright.PENANA56ODdjNtGR
好似葡萄牙喺畿內亞灣嘅聖多美普林西比70Please respect copyright.PENANA092pH9NhrE
喺16世紀就曾經係世上最大嘅產糖地70Please respect copyright.PENANATgqa5zLGNX
(以重量計喺嗰時蔗糖同黃金係等值)70Please respect copyright.PENANANPaacyGAZK
聖多美普林西比(São Tomé and Príncipe)
不過同呢啲渺無人煙嘅外島相比70Please respect copyright.PENANA1160MGLZ1S
非洲內陸就完全係另一回事喇70Please respect copyright.PENANA5Y3OkfNHeR
對白人嚟講70Please respect copyright.PENANAfea1aEXJ9R
撒哈拉沙漠以南嘅叢林地帶70Please respect copyright.PENANA9baRKUFvGx
自古以來就係九死一生嘅毒龍潭70Please respect copyright.PENANAWi5dKg3j67呢片被稱為“黑非洲”嘅雨林70Please respect copyright.PENANAQtRDSfczat
古時就已經被認為係不可逾越嘅蠻荒之地70Please respect copyright.PENANA6B38XmxTDA
古希臘歷史學家希羅多德就曾經記載70Please respect copyright.PENANAp2GwHSyOlF
喺公元前530年70Please respect copyright.PENANAPBo9jlO9Dv
當時地上最強、啱啱征服咗埃及嘅波斯王岡比西斯二世70Please respect copyright.PENANAPqWKvWkY0Y
佢派去探索呢個世界盡頭嘅遠征軍70Please respect copyright.PENANAgR2NtBPOj2
仗都未打就喺征途死咗一半人被迫折返70Please respect copyright.PENANA9X4PBmTRWj
另外古羅馬曾經4次派遠征軍橫越撒哈拉70Please respect copyright.PENANAh1QeNYO1L2
最後都係冇辦法穿越呢片浩瀚無垠嘅密林70Please respect copyright.PENANAT9Kiwt5qow
派入去偵察嘅斥候全部都有去冇回70Please respect copyright.PENANAzYWvg7WeTQ
原因就係以瘧疾為首嘅各種熱帶疾病70Please respect copyright.PENANASXcgiP0lwV
希羅多德喺佢本《歷史》所描述嘅世界70Please respect copyright.PENANA4wHXKkRoKb
要留意撒哈拉沙漠以南嗰個(Æthiopes)唔係而家嗰個埃塞俄比亞70Please respect copyright.PENANA3smQoNKTny
呢個字古希臘文解“燒燶咗塊面”70Please respect copyright.PENANA2NYTd6QW6p
係指撒哈拉沙漠以南嘅非洲70Please respect copyright.PENANAYtzSM7Im4z
古希臘啲仆街仔諗嘢都真係幾撚地獄70Please respect copyright.PENANAdcrdHkzmIB羅馬嗰4次遠征路線圖70Please respect copyright.PENANAap6WzkwR6K
雖然最後都係探索唔到非洲內陸嘅情況70Please respect copyright.PENANAjn7xB0Ye5C
不過呢幾次都為日後橫撒哈拉貿易奠定基礎70Please respect copyright.PENANAw3qLnNJ75j
成就出之後風光一時嘅土著貿易王國70Please respect copyright.PENANAubiL9bE59z一度興盛嘅橫撒哈拉貿易王國70Please respect copyright.PENANAtnSdj3Im2n
其中以Mansa Musa呢位一路去麥加朝聖70Please respect copyright.PENANAV59EIOy1O7
一路派金粒70Please respect copyright.PENANAxVUFTVLxRG
派到引發沿途地區嚴重通貨膨脹嘅馬里國王最為著名70Please respect copyright.PENANA67lbTgTkrZ
不過呢啲財雄勢大嘅駱駝商旅70Please respect copyright.PENANACEdtSaUAp3
最後都係畀大航海時代帶嚟嘅海洋貿易所取代
呢啲病對歐洲人嚟講係魔咒70Please respect copyright.PENANAzAJyWMPdx3
但係對世居於呢片密林嘅黑鬼嚟講呢70Please respect copyright.PENANA6FGZwZG0SG
就係護身符喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAHahzvcKk7d
(有興趣嘅小朋友可以搵吓地中海貧血症、蠶豆症同瘧疾嘅關係)70Please respect copyright.PENANACIPPpVKUox
正因為咁70Please respect copyright.PENANAocZjuN9Dyv
歐洲人對非洲內陸70Please respect copyright.PENANAxjmDuMPOPU
尤其係中非剛果盆地70Please respect copyright.PENANAEQrWVFERJl
係一無所知70Please respect copyright.PENANAiuQtYKCZ8I
一路以嚟所有嘗試深入剛果河流域嘅探險70Please respect copyright.PENANAifoVGGIT6b
都係以災難收場70Please respect copyright.PENANA6OLhmCgyih
好似喺1542年70Please respect copyright.PENANAIFVRsEA0E5
第一個發現剛果河口嘅歐洲人70Please respect copyright.PENANA8jujCSQaF9
葡萄牙航海家Diogo Cão70Please respect copyright.PENANAwUEmxyw1gW
就係喺試圖探索內陸時病死喺河邊70Please respect copyright.PENANAQo0ZxK8Y2M
對嗰時嘅歐洲人嚟講70Please respect copyright.PENANA6fLGckokhR
佔領非洲本土代價實在太大70Please respect copyright.PENANA0ztxqk0vzf
與其嘥人力物力喺非洲內陸建立殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANA0Y1kX4Db0Z
不如同啲土著王國做貿易好過70Please respect copyright.PENANAAir5lBrN7Z
以葡萄牙為例70Please respect copyright.PENANAWMR30kmBwK
喺見識過剛果雨林嘅殘酷同當地巴剛果王國嘅強大後70Please respect copyright.PENANAbslgtICKZN
葡萄牙就決定喺剛果河口南岸較為乾燥嘅草原70Please respect copyright.PENANA2G9ud9YiDE
建立貿易站70Please respect copyright.PENANAsPBgw708Yy
以教育、宗教同鎗炮70Please respect copyright.PENANAV2QyyAb50O
嚟同呢個土著王國換取戰俘作奴隸喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAXTSuHdNvtG
剛果河南岸嘅葡屬安哥拉
剛果國王阿方索一世喺1517年6月8號寫畀葡萄牙國王曼紐一世嘅信70Please respect copyright.PENANAkL5QoMxzKA
向佢呢位主內弟兄請求提供教會禮儀器具70Please respect copyright.PENANAH45vUlmCj0
(以面積計剛果王國係當時世上最大嘅大公教國家)
去到近代70Please respect copyright.PENANANuPMbDc1d5
就算係船堅炮利嘅英國佬70Please respect copyright.PENANA3ob4IJ7N41
情況都唔好得幾多70Please respect copyright.PENANAyTnH0hJ8Kw
好似喺1816年有個叫James Tuckey嘅英國海軍上校70Please respect copyright.PENANAuqrSDwSt7M
組織咗隊探險隊尋找剛果河源頭70Please respect copyright.PENANA7CY3dUXPL6
結果由河口上溯唔夠100公里70Please respect copyright.PENANAzWmYbJ2kP9
54個隊員入面就病死咗21個70Please respect copyright.PENANAYh3AZNz1wY
包括佢自己70Please respect copyright.PENANA62sCi6Ag2Q
所以直至19世紀中葉70Please respect copyright.PENANAb592wn3P6L
中南非洲仍然係呢個地理大發現時代入面最大嘅迷團70Please respect copyright.PENANAiNUKID4QjV
Tuckey上校用生命所畫嘅剛果河口地型圖
1850年非洲地圖70Please respect copyright.PENANAlSIZStKFmi
留意番中間橙黃色個“ETHIOPIA”唔係而家嗰個70Please respect copyright.PENANAXiGByDmYGJ
呢度借用嚟標示非洲中部呢大片未探索之地70Please respect copyright.PENANA2wEwQ3Ck2h
(嗰時埃塞俄比亞個英文名係Abyssinia, 由阿拉伯文翻譯過嚟)70Please respect copyright.PENANACvPi9COngq
不過奎寧普及後情況就唔同晒喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAWPU9tlB3gF
歐洲人喺非洲嘅生存率得以大大提升70Please respect copyright.PENANATuEKt94jqS
隨住人命成本降低70Please respect copyright.PENANAy0zjwDrGRv
探索非洲雨林嘅門檻70Please respect copyright.PENANAxZ7M5qL01h
已經下降到可以接受嘅水平70Please respect copyright.PENANAS65VaB5p1i
喺1850年代開始70Please respect copyright.PENANAiIwCuf5WAJ
歐美各國政府、地理學會以至私人企業70Please respect copyright.PENANA4n8PpHz4W7
紛紛組織探險隊70Please respect copyright.PENANAxuzoH4OpOf
務求搶先其他人一步70Please respect copyright.PENANAul4c2cziv1
尋找失落喺中非密林嘅嗰幾塊拼圖70Please respect copyright.PENANAP8jjSmFgUT
其中最積極嘅70Please respect copyright.PENANAOxezQkWaFj
就係正處於維多利亞時期嘅英國喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAYIBzdnpDla當時所缺嗰幾塊拼圖70Please respect copyright.PENANAszYbpdBdBM
分別係:70Please respect copyright.PENANAXfMHNDZ9cK
1.尼羅河源頭70Please respect copyright.PENANAMfoy2Svt4p
2.傳說中浩瀚如海嘅中非淡水湖70Please respect copyright.PENANAX75nVVHBG7
3.剛果盆地70Please respect copyright.PENANALFEZn9qc8p
跟住落嚟嗰卅幾年70Please respect copyright.PENANA1JZvK5QPHa
喺一個阿拉伯奴隸主嘅協助下70Please respect copyright.PENANAiHwNzTr9Qp
憑住五個英國佬、一個斯拉夫白女奴以及無數黑奴轎夫嘅努力同犧牲70Please respect copyright.PENANAAFOKq1VIcv
掩蓋中非嘅嗰片戰爭迷霧逐漸消退70Please respect copyright.PENANA9kPk8bXGie
《大航海時代》最終DLC《瓜分非洲》終於上線喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAgQXWVBfsRg
1880年代非洲地圖70Please respect copyright.PENANAh8b9dF0FC6
對比番1850年嗰幅地圖70Please respect copyright.PENANAXoVpdX0YEs
尼羅河同剛果河流域基本上已經被探索70Please respect copyright.PENANAM0DpdB6GKR
再唔係被標示為“ETHIOPIA”喇
呢卅幾年嘅中非探險歷史70Please respect copyright.PENANAONRIIKmsn7
所牽涉嘅人同佢地之間嘅恩怨情仇70Please respect copyright.PENANA2TMPxEIMIe
的確相當引人入勝──70Please respect copyright.PENANAI1h8l9Kk4E
一個借探險之名研究各地性愛風俗嘅性書大亨70Please respect copyright.PENANAm3dgknea46
一個因個人臆測而引發後世幾場大屠殺嘅軍佬70Please respect copyright.PENANAYuV1qSpjOh
一個濟世為懷但又志大才疏嘅醫生/傳教士70Please respect copyright.PENANAYpo2apqlI8
一個為名利而不擇手段、甘願為惡龍做事嘅記者70Please respect copyright.PENANAtOLdfeWV4f
一個喺巴爾幹同鄂圖曼總督爭女嘅二世祖70Please respect copyright.PENANA1C3HWpfJXF
同一個持家賢慧但又驍勇凶悍嘅白女奴70Please respect copyright.PENANAdCvDs13Kwi
仲有一個喺暗中操縱一切、憑藉探險熱潮乘勢而起但又被一切反噬嘅阿拉伯奴隸主70Please respect copyright.PENANA1yJIMqydQg
──用呢啲性格鮮明、經歷獨特嘅歷史人物寫嘅故事70Please respect copyright.PENANAOLNvQUReaK
我諗都會相當有趣70Please respect copyright.PENANAQmkFcAEdeG
不過礙於篇幅所限70Please respect copyright.PENANAl79KG7whNA
我就唔喺度一一展開喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAGID4gjGxeu
(除咗講盧旺達大屠殺嗰陣會提一提嗰個性書大亨同個軍佬)70Please respect copyright.PENANAAXYljsG0BT
可能或者有機會第日得閒開多篇嚟講吓啦吓
喺講啲列強點樣喺非洲玩到high翻天之前70Please respect copyright.PENANAqTAgwJHXMm
首先要講講佢地瓜分非洲嘅誘因70Please respect copyright.PENANAnl20aWrZrK
一切要由一場股災講起70Please respect copyright.PENANANJ8SKoSzUa
而家就睇吓呢日發生咗啲咩事70Please respect copyright.PENANAyMd6oROk02
搞到丁生咁好興致一家人齊齊整整上天台睇日落70Please respect copyright.PENANAe52AIMTQkj
1873年5月9號星期五朝早70Please respect copyright.PENANA5o0XHi4vCd
維也納有個叫Adolf Petschek嘅猶太佬70Please respect copyright.PENANAzXhVhnkoRr
向法院申請將佢間公司破產70Please respect copyright.PENANA22TRvhIKnE
呢條友並唔係普通嘅阿茂阿壽70Please respect copyright.PENANAKd0kxet6ZY
佢檔嘢係當時奧匈帝國以至整個中歐最大嘅證券商70Please respect copyright.PENANAHCMJXYNUdQ
一間咁有影響力嘅企業破產70Please respect copyright.PENANA2FWFl20X91
必然會引起市場動盪70Please respect copyright.PENANAVHX4B75JZf
於是維也納交易所決定暫時休市70Please respect copyright.PENANAJam2rq4WtO
咁就仆街喇70Please respect copyright.PENANArSeZB5OEpd
喺嗰個資訊唔流通嘅年代70Please respect copyright.PENANAacrFRtmslR
停市嘅原因係冇辦法即時通知市場上所有參與者70Please respect copyright.PENANAgvqtB8xBHp
一時間謠言滿天飛70Please respect copyright.PENANAevWw2dEZYJ
人喺恐慌下70Please respect copyright.PENANAKBsYIGqA2w
最正路嘅做法70Please respect copyright.PENANAV5RGCFMdj9
就係一有機會就攞cash旁身70Please respect copyright.PENANAWpEbiLfRvC
所以當中午一復市時70Please respect copyright.PENANAWHZP7G2du3
所有人都湧去交易所70Please respect copyright.PENANAQrwN3b2X8q
務求以最快速度賣晒啲股票套現70Please respect copyright.PENANAAKvOLtXkaq
同時冇買股票又聽到消息嘅人70Please respect copyright.PENANAHMUTT99pxc
都湧去銀行提走所有現金做成擠提70Please respect copyright.PENANAd4vnwz27sh
一時間市場所有流動性枯竭70Please respect copyright.PENANAaFT8DiiLNu
結果就連本身同Adolf間公司冇乜啦㨢嘅銀行同企業70Please respect copyright.PENANAY7jVsMG8D5
都因為資不抵債而債務違約70Please respect copyright.PENANAa9QxLZHlBv
維也納交易所喺前一日都仲有141間銀行掛牌70Please respect copyright.PENANA1X1bI2n82a
到咗呢日下晝1點提早收市時70Please respect copyright.PENANAZNHDvEzcFs
就只剩低廿間左右70Please respect copyright.PENANAkedwhMeity
整體市值直接斬半70Please respect copyright.PENANATUPtAYpDiL
維也納股票市場喺呢日全面崩潰70Please respect copyright.PENANAbbgvwB5zcJ
而向隅者只好喺已經閂咗門嘅交易所前同警察跳番part舞啦70Please respect copyright.PENANABcwOAA4xR5
可能你會諗“崩潰我有經驗~輸清光我未發癲”70Please respect copyright.PENANAzf70sqN4WJ
股災又有咩好怕喎希望在明天吖嘛70Please respect copyright.PENANAjhl6cibAHH
係嘅70Please respect copyright.PENANARy1lFE2H45
呢啲金融風暴、金融海嘯真係同上帝一樣自有永有70Please respect copyright.PENANAVyJ0ZQ4LWA
咩鬱金香狂熱呀南海公司泡沫呀密西西比事件呀咁70Please respect copyright.PENANAXZRtqyuSln
啲泡沫吹爆完一個後70Please respect copyright.PENANAVKxP3k1wvW
隔一輪又吹脹另一個70Please respect copyright.PENANAAnaxSOHaXg
就算喺嗰個年代都已經唔係啲咩稀奇嘅事70Please respect copyright.PENANArujmFxFXlT
不過今次有啲唔同70Please respect copyright.PENANAnTHo0XZQl7
隨住電報嘅普及70Please respect copyright.PENANA9U2Er8zjgt
唔同國家資本市場嘅距離變得越嚟越近70Please respect copyright.PENANAIy5C0oy28L
而家就睇吓全球化70Please respect copyright.PENANAprlCS61F0U
係點樣令呢次喺中歐嘅股災70Please respect copyright.PENANAlTPCKDYxR1
演變成整個歐美世界嘅經濟災難70Please respect copyright.PENANAUu7WKK0ZTT首先講吓個時代背景先70Please respect copyright.PENANAJqhLzXd7Nn
嗰時正值普法戰爭後德意志帝國建國初期70Please respect copyright.PENANA9jYVdtCZR2
法國因為法蘭克福條約而要賠款50億法朗畀德國70Please respect copyright.PENANADhRSVUj0aL
德國政府就用呢啲錢嚟贖回之前發行嘅戰爭債券70Please respect copyright.PENANARE117lgEUz
咁導致大量熱錢流入德國金融體系70Please respect copyright.PENANAgs1OE3qb6i
本身債券持有者急需為呢啲資金搵出路70Please respect copyright.PENANAHAN3eeP22x
德國隔離嘅奧匈帝國睇中呢點70Please respect copyright.PENANA3UrcKjgKFh
就大幅放寬金融市場嘅監管70Please respect copyright.PENANAk7SfE6QilA
於是各色各樣嘅金融公司就如雨後春筍70Please respect copyright.PENANAtKpJ5n5KI4
以各種名目去發行股票同債券集資70Please respect copyright.PENANAZEoD90T9yA
好似投資匈牙利嘅小麥農場呀70Please respect copyright.PENANARf9aPq9WHb
或者連接維也納至布達佩斯嘅鐵路呀70Please respect copyright.PENANA6IFWBMNj1n
甚至係啲只存在喺紙上嘅地產項目呀咁70Please respect copyright.PENANARueOA23aZX
咁好似上面咁講70Please respect copyright.PENANAJxFbHx5b1C
資本世界入面嘅國界70Please respect copyright.PENANAWt3WTFY3qt
隨住通訊技術嘅改進而變得越嚟越模糊70Please respect copyright.PENANA97oZHHeI25
作為當時生產力最強、資本最充裕嘅英國佬70Please respect copyright.PENANA4PSsgYa16F
當然就唔會執輸叉隻腳埋嚟啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAR2HQOy9KDJ
喺呢啲熱錢嘅炒作吓70Please respect copyright.PENANAgm1iIGL03K
維也納股市暴漲70Please respect copyright.PENANAbH3fZVOn1H
喺1873年70Please respect copyright.PENANA34GwX7kbOP
呢個吹波波遊戲終於到達高潮喇
喺呢年維也納舉辦世界博覽會70Please respect copyright.PENANABMwDbrY9VA
作為皇帝法蘭茲約瑟夫一世登基25周年70Please respect copyright.PENANAuG9n1MTcgU
兼向世界展現奧匈已經喺奧普戰爭戰敗中復原嘅慶祝活動70Please respect copyright.PENANAleDzFA2I1c
呢次全球矚目嘅盛事可謂不容有失70Please respect copyright.PENANA88pZnjmJAr
自1870年贏得主辦權後70Please respect copyright.PENANA38nn4kxZbA
維也納到處都大興土木70Please respect copyright.PENANA0nVjn5y3AD
地產項目變得相當興盛70Please respect copyright.PENANAN5cEbJLJyi
啲熱錢梗係唔會放過咁好嘅炒作理由啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAk4XRFjKaKN
更多嘅資本引致更高嘅升幅70Please respect copyright.PENANAqerJyL2Wbt
而更高嘅升幅就吸引更多嘅資本70Please respect copyright.PENANAEcs4fDfNoH
喺1873年頭到開幕前呢4個月間70Please respect copyright.PENANAbR5vhax7tO
維也納股市升咗一倍70Please respect copyright.PENANA8l48AlxnvO
啲奧地利佬就嚟可以喺博覽會上表演左腳踏右腳上太空喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAijvxxxCRER
1873年維也納世博主場館Rotunda70Please respect copyright.PENANA6TMCxOH9z7
就咁睇相都覺得相當宏偉70Please respect copyright.PENANA0YEZXkk61w不過可惜喺1937年一場大火中燒毀吖70Please respect copyright.PENANAuej5AFT8ew
唔係嘅話而家應該係遊客必到嘅景點
當然最後佢地冇上到太空啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAIZDs2xlhkl
仲拖埋全世界落地獄㖭70Please respect copyright.PENANAgIiHa4GBBJ
喺5月1號籌備已久嘅世界博覽會開幕70Please respect copyright.PENANACL9jE66wz0
奧皇到場發表演說兼攞威70Please respect copyright.PENANA87BrZcHHXv
不過喺同一時間70Please respect copyright.PENANAIkwfdKc8xB
當時奧匈最大嘅銀行奧地利信貸突然將股票戶口清空70Please respect copyright.PENANAynaHSApdNy
因為佢地判斷當世博開幕嘅一刻70Please respect copyright.PENANAAtUAuF3qS0
就係音樂停止嘅時候喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAixEeAe1SiX
而家睇番呢個根本係自我實現嘅預言70Please respect copyright.PENANA62GY8UOjCK
因為咁做就會即時抽緊啲證券商嘅銀根70Please respect copyright.PENANAMTbR3H6bN4
作為最大嘅證券商70Please respect copyright.PENANATOtDhjmp7K
Adolf喺玩咗幾日兩個蓋冚十個煲後70Please respect copyright.PENANA4v7c3PGYc6
終於頂唔順爆煲70Please respect copyright.PENANAUST7B2AZuy
同時以英國資本為首嘅國際大孖沙70Please respect copyright.PENANACNbgWbnG89
都畀呢次突如其來嘅股災殺個措手不及損手爛腳70Please respect copyright.PENANASogeTFdih3
為防自身資金鏈斷裂70Please respect copyright.PENANAmrBubLyJdM
佢地都開始喺歐美各主要市場減持甚至清倉70Please respect copyright.PENANAmvWs356wMq
以增加自己嘅頭寸70Please respect copyright.PENANAWw7jv4RMtd
咁導致各大資本市場嘅銀根進一步收縮70Please respect copyright.PENANAr4NilhBVkO
股價暴跌銀行擠提企業破產70Please respect copyright.PENANAz8gFZRVUO7
就好似骨牌一樣70Please respect copyright.PENANAtfm5N8aSa7
以維也納為中心向全球擴散70Please respect copyright.PENANAG83E28GvU0
法蘭克福、巴黎、阿姆斯特丹、倫敦……70Please respect copyright.PENANAwItP2WpwVJ
各地股市債市相繼崩潰70Please respect copyright.PENANAdvHyZO6SG1
甚至遠至紐約都受到波及70Please respect copyright.PENANAL6S5jv9jyr9月18號美國最大嘅鐵路融資銀行Jay Cooke & Co70Please respect copyright.PENANAUlXEW7e1WW
因為冇晒歐洲買家買佢啲債券70Please respect copyright.PENANACnJH0E4wi6
還唔到一筆政府借貸而債務違約清盤70Please respect copyright.PENANAyxUdKFcHPk
啲人見到咁大間銀行都搞唔掂70Please respect copyright.PENANA5BKXIl6bD7
都紛紛湧去各銀行提走所有錢70Please respect copyright.PENANA9HaaGMJPI1
兩日內有廿間銀行接連因擠提而破產70Please respect copyright.PENANAEnqdWUEf0d
紐約交易所喺20號破天荒宣布停市10日70Please respect copyright.PENANAfpwKFvV5II
咁自然就帶嚟更大嘅恐慌更嚴重嘅擠提啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAfeWdXs3hxu
喺跟住嗰一年70Please respect copyright.PENANA0UP89pYEjJ
呢啲金融機構清盤所引發嘅連鎖反應70Please respect copyright.PENANAkPsf8mBc8j
令全美國超過100間銀行同鐵路企業倒閉...70Please respect copyright.PENANAmy4G6wKxHy
…相信經歷過2008年金融海嘯嘅小朋友70Please respect copyright.PENANAL1mnbbIlDC
都會覺得有啲似曾相識70Please respect copyright.PENANAo3WubLUKwA
冇錯70Please respect copyright.PENANAYoPcH64PCW
呢次被後世史學家稱為“1873年恐慌 ”嘅經濟災難70Please respect copyright.PENANAxP2CxiXMSx
就係人類史上第一次因個別企業爆煲而引發嘅全球流動性危機70Please respect copyright.PENANAnSe5aK3Agk
1873年5月9號朝早70Please respect copyright.PENANA0kXP70LAw1
就係嗰個年代嘅「雷曼時刻」喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAtDtMkrlkg7
咁啱得咁橋70Please respect copyright.PENANA5cNyVFFmAI
呢對猶太兄弟同佢地個阿哥所創立嗰間雜貨舖兼投資銀行70Please respect copyright.PENANAtEAkeGS3YR
喺呢次災難前察覺到鐵路同房地產市場嘅泡沫70Please respect copyright.PENANALMc0nGFYr6
而專注做番農業融資得以避過一劫之餘70Please respect copyright.PENANA7eHsSniP9p
再踩住佢啲同行條屍壯大70Please respect copyright.PENANAEtCvaeKNrj
有咁嘅市場觸覺70Please respect copyright.PENANAeArLUQJ7TY
他朝必定可以叱吒風雲主宰全球金融70Please respect copyright.PENANAQpHOfU2KKN…吖一時唔醒起佢地姓安信定華納定咩㖭
呢次災難嘅後遺症有好多70Please respect copyright.PENANAUTPd2SwIAW
例如因為銀根緊繃息率急升70Please respect copyright.PENANAKwEzsPWIhd
令各行各業借貸成本暴漲70Please respect copyright.PENANAiI816ykioU
從而令大量民生企業倒閉失業率飆升70Please respect copyright.PENANAJrC6IejN8R
引發歐美地區長達廿年嘅「長期蕭條」70Please respect copyright.PENANAr19I7sEvup
(本來1873年呢次係叫「大蕭條」嘅直至畀1929年嗰次搶咗個名)又例如猶太人被德語報章描繪成貪婪嘅吸血鬼70Please respect copyright.PENANAz9MSqyCbyQ
利用各種虛假嘅投資項目同高利貸70Please respect copyright.PENANATZPaCcbewj
榨取勤勞善良嘅工人辛苦勞動得嚟嘅血汗錢70Please respect copyright.PENANARoR8G9eFJm
從而引發德語地區新一輪嘅反猶太運動70Please respect copyright.PENANAmicLw4FNyD
為日後希哥嘅「最終解決方案」奠定基礎等等70Please respect copyright.PENANAnsYMmdKLP1不過呢啲都唔係今集要講嘅嘢70Please respect copyright.PENANAl5xq1gyUTk
呢度我想講講呢次流動性危機70Please respect copyright.PENANAQBOQLw10fk
係點樣誘使歐洲人去瓜分非洲
要知道喺嗰個金/銀本位嘅年代70Please respect copyright.PENANAoFqI8OiCjJ
錢唔係話憑一句“In aircraft carrier god we trust”就印到出嚟70Please respect copyright.PENANAEgz8JctS55
而一個國家有幾多錢70Please respect copyright.PENANAvXiFuOEXi0
就視乎佢嘅貿易順差有幾大喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAqDHbWVHZl6
最完美嘅情況70Please respect copyright.PENANAR1iRuburDq
就係你有足夠多足夠平嘅商品之餘70Please respect copyright.PENANAs2FR2LERoN
同時又冇需要進口其他國家嘅產品70Please respect copyright.PENANACFJn5Bg8Nb
當時英國呢個日不落帝國70Please respect copyright.PENANAVDyoihChGV
就相當接近呢個情況喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAkVK6lemyZG
喺漫長而又和平嘅19世紀70Please respect copyright.PENANAj7mDxpvZjI
英國憑藉強大嘅工業力量70Please respect copyright.PENANAtyeRpKeF2A
支撐住絕對優勢嘅海軍70Please respect copyright.PENANAnfNHhz1tWd
喺世界各地建立起一個又一個嘅殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANA5YOT8hB8ba
再由呢啲殖民地獲取各種廉價嘅工業原材料70Please respect copyright.PENANAlaho17X1Q2
令自己嘅產品喺世界市場上得到無可比擬嘅成本優勢70Please respect copyright.PENANAQ55C29jYQf
賺取更多嘅外匯70Please respect copyright.PENANA5mePi7NHin
從而建造更多更強嘅戰艦去霸佔更多嘅殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANAS0pLsBjCsV
形成牢不可破嘅正循環70Please respect copyright.PENANA2l4Vdyb8r2
簡單嚟講70Please respect copyright.PENANA7jH084alQc
重商主義嘅精粹70Please respect copyright.PENANA4RXiLbe0n8
就係要獲取比對手多嘅資源(aka殖民地)喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAt0ZFfBBWq4
1870年嘅日不落帝國
重商主義
嗰時嘅英國就好似而家嘅美國一樣70Please respect copyright.PENANAabG99yF2Hf
都係全球資本市場最主要嘅資金來源70Please respect copyright.PENANA8g7l0XGebz
所以當維也納股災引致英國收水時70Please respect copyright.PENANA5202hsVLos
全世界資本市場即時缺血70Please respect copyright.PENANAbJekZmo9e4
各國即時反應就梗係止血啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAxDXHMF3zkI
要止血最直接就加係關稅70Please respect copyright.PENANASsl6LnWavE
保護主義相繼喺各國抬頭70Please respect copyright.PENANAqoO16FjpCr
不過對啲冇乜資源嘅國家嚟講70Please respect copyright.PENANAa8iMXJ95H8
短期止到血啫70Please respect copyright.PENANAiJwRSGvtUk
長期嘅話一樣營養不良70Please respect copyright.PENANAFCZyUeeHcJ
因為你加得關稅70Please respect copyright.PENANA9jMOH1pbwA
人地一樣加得70Please respect copyright.PENANAyQSDEVlweB
你要入口工業生產所欠缺嘅原材料70Please respect copyright.PENANAxG1eRO4ljY
所繳交嘅關稅最終都會反映喺價格上70Please respect copyright.PENANAuXLmHetBUI
真係賺幾多都會畀人地啲關稅食晒70Please respect copyright.PENANApHfMu80ZUI
所以最根本解決流動性危機嘅方法70Please respect copyright.PENANAtxD6OFZ8lc
就係奪取更加多嘅殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANAyhb4z7UbOw
而喺嗰時70Please respect copyright.PENANA16ILe61iev
全球仲未畀歐洲勢力劃分嘅地方70Please respect copyright.PENANABa2rBPabcc
就只有非洲內陸、太平洋啲山旮旯島嶼同南極洲70Please respect copyright.PENANANPbOnKmwbj
加上自1850年代以嚟嘅尼羅河溯源之旅70Please respect copyright.PENANAtydMlzGjgn
已經證實咗喺奎寧同格靈鎗嘅幫助下70Please respect copyright.PENANAZ3raqXoINV
歐洲人係可以征服非洲最可怕嘅密林同土著王國70Please respect copyright.PENANAyfZjeYsGVG
喺呢個前提之下70Please respect copyright.PENANAnDjzeGCNvF
《瓜分非洲》呢隻DLC就變得相當吸引70Please respect copyright.PENANAv9ngkSAhrw
於是各個舊玩家好似西班牙、葡萄牙、英國、法國70Please respect copyright.PENANAL7yIy70pG2
以及新玩家好似德國、意大利同某個豆腐膶咁細嘅低地國國王70Please respect copyright.PENANAMOWUa03gT3
都紛紛組織探險隊同遠征軍70Please respect copyright.PENANA7naVh4Y53M
務求快過對手一步70Please respect copyright.PENANAPXdy3PuAzm
奪取更多嘅殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANAogQf7C1mBs
以喺呢個現代經濟模式中佔到先機70Please respect copyright.PENANAC84iooy2vO面對有足夠健康嘅士兵同格靈機鎗70Please respect copyright.PENANAThIj01eOED
無論係南非草原嘅祖魯戰士70Please respect copyright.PENANA9FtAZ57lSe
抑或係西非黃金海岸密林嘅阿散蒂叛軍70Please respect copyright.PENANAwyizgOLRfM
都喺一陣陣“突突突”聲中化成碎片70Please respect copyright.PENANAaEnVix8XJp
1876年非洲嘅殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANAC40R8gkOzV
可以見到除咗法國喺北非嘅阿爾及利亞70Please respect copyright.PENANAr4xfoLkVSB
西非嘅塞內加爾70Please respect copyright.PENANAJAHXZ36TN5
英國喺南非嘅開普殖民地70Please respect copyright.PENANA2bxcQzjmek
以及葡萄牙嗰喺東非同西非嗰兩撻有名無實嘅殖民地外70Please respect copyright.PENANAItjXfkRetH
其他嘅都係細到不值一提70Please respect copyright.PENANAR1ZZql4Nkl
所有殖民地加埋都只有大約十份之一個非洲70Please respect copyright.PENANAlcxotRXrt5
相對於同時期歐洲人已經全佔美洲同澳洲70Please respect copyright.PENANAgKXUMtY8bI
亞洲亦都有一半以上嘅勢力落入歐洲人手中70Please respect copyright.PENANArPrlQ5oMFG
殖民非洲的確係緩慢好多70Please respect copyright.PENANAe1NEBQx8Qm
不過情況將會好快改變⋯⋯
70Please respect copyright.PENANAYDmtnhH9Hp
相信各位聰明嘅小朋友都會留意到70Please respect copyright.PENANA1OoHxhB4e7
今次金融災難明明美國佬都舐晒嘢㗎喎70Please respect copyright.PENANAq2kmvTtJvW
點解後來佢地又冇玩《瓜分非洲》呢70Please respect copyright.PENANA6GeMsHMrZv
(除咗喺西非嗰撻自由黑鬼放養地70Please respect copyright.PENANA2M8eBbtanq
之後都會講講關於呢班源自非洲嘅外來物種有趣嘅故事)70Please respect copyright.PENANA2STvuD7LtW
呢樣正正就係美國之所以為「天選之國」嘅原因喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAsB9c257spk
美洲係好柒大好多資源嘅70Please respect copyright.PENANApkM1O8kHa5
地理上亦都離歐亞大陸好遠70Please respect copyright.PENANAx0dF97ol1S
與其山長水遠走去非洲同舊世界班老屎忽爭餅食70Please respect copyright.PENANA8SFR3wZPeH
不如留番喺度開發好過70Please respect copyright.PENANA8sZVtxANhS
所以美國立國以嚟個發展方向都係向西70Please respect copyright.PENANAAQB4uAP6KV
由大西洋一路去到太平洋70Please respect copyright.PENANAQgpGWID3J7
再將太平洋變成自己個私家泳池70Please respect copyright.PENANAUuencIUmXm
成就出新一代舉世無雙嘅海洋霸權70Please respect copyright.PENANAmtAbMV8HuM
呢啲就係美國自我實現嘅「昭昭天命」(Manifest Destiny)喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAslFsett5oA
哥倫比亞女神右手攞住科學左手拉起電報線70Please respect copyright.PENANAYAtlAFX8Fq
引領拓荒者將光明由東邊帶往西部70Please respect copyright.PENANAgPQuKQ3Vzj
留意番幅圖左邊啲印第安人係走住屌嘅
不過玩咗幾年啲列強就開始覺得有啲唔對路喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAQfT6jg2v4v
係呀面對啲揸住長矛牛皮盾嘅黑鬼70Please respect copyright.PENANAYY4mDnn99U
梗係冇問題啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAK5hRb2DrBT
不過玩到咁上緊70Please respect copyright.PENANAgqQdhevsSr
實會同其他玩家嘅領地有交接㗎喎70Please respect copyright.PENANAFR9vf1CRgm
嗰度山長水遠到時有咩爭拗衝突都幾麻煩70Please respect copyright.PENANATnNDobzRvM
究竟點樣先為之有效佔領擁有咗某個地方呢?70Please respect copyright.PENANAPPUIQNYIE7
領地內嘅河流係咪可以獨家使用定要同隔離分享呢?70Please respect copyright.PENANATIZa9I2dRp
呢啲問題隨住剛果盆地嘅爭議而浮上枱面70Please respect copyright.PENANA5S5gwVFh7G
──1880年法國探險家皮耶・布拉柴搶先一步喺剛果河北岸建立布拉柴維爾70Please respect copyright.PENANANnJEqZOjuV
當時比利時國王利奧波德二世隻馬仔亨利・史坦利見到唔對路70Please respect copyright.PENANAENaHAlQZGb
就嗱嗱臨喺對岸起咗個以佢老細嚟命名嘅哨站仔(利奧波德維爾,即係而家嘅金沙薩)70Please respect copyright.PENANAYLtpxhopt1
以阻止法國佬南下70Please respect copyright.PENANAUb1QH2og9C
由此引發咗一連串嘅領土同航行權爭議70Please respect copyright.PENANAk0bL3GxyQE
世上相距最近嘅首都(唔計羅馬同梵蒂岡)70Please respect copyright.PENANAd8KGnSK0gr
直線距離唔夠3公里70Please respect copyright.PENANAFIvXBij6t1
不過最意想不到嘅70Please respect copyright.PENANAz49chr41Fv
係竟然有飛機航班來往呢兩個城市70Please respect copyright.PENANAbVGezAlDrk
全程唔使5分鐘
歐洲佬對呢啲殖民地領土爭議並唔陌生70Please respect copyright.PENANAgWwq7eplJB
其實免得過嘅話佢地都唔想為呢啲殖民地打仗70Please respect copyright.PENANA7xOSDmwmX5
好似西班牙同葡萄牙簽署嘅《托爾德西里亞斯條約》同《薩拉戈薩條約》70Please respect copyright.PENANAd37WZLilM4
就令呢兩個世仇唔使為爭奪全球嘅殖民地而大動干戈70Please respect copyright.PENANADkfssRHgOj不過今次咁多玩家一齊喺同一個地方玩嘅話70Please respect copyright.PENANAyGZJ8U11A2
所牽涉利益嘅複雜性70Please respect copyright.PENANAY4akO5qSUr
就唔係呢啲雙邊條約可以處理到喇70Please respect copyright.PENANAAtnyLtsCJp
佢地急需坐埋一齊研究吓70Please respect copyright.PENANAHs2xA3TWTx
呢隻《瓜分非洲》70Please respect copyright.PENANAUDSLZeKu74
究竟要有啲咩遊戲規則...70Please respect copyright.PENANAxUkSJJag39
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAvsKyjlxNOH
.70Please respect copyright.PENANADukMCBzZ1n
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAOOSECcSjlR
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAEVZefVWjk8
.70Please respect copyright.PENANACiTgx6Ykph
.70Please respect copyright.PENANA0Or8I17gOi
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAExSkafxeFF
.70Please respect copyright.PENANA3pVSn8rlIs
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAghZzj38ov8
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAlTd1FuyXZl
.70Please respect copyright.PENANADtrXHQl4IW
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAKFpJ55aBXA
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAtTlUulrtPa
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAzLH9TFCplP
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAP59gZGciJq
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAEYUCnB0s76
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAdY12290lty
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAwD6NebvwW7
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAFt5S5eMfmX
.70Please respect copyright.PENANALFsO4OtjDS
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAWziDY8gZDT
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAGUXFu93ILs
.70Please respect copyright.PENANANSMZCZSA7T
.70Please respect copyright.PENANANPDUMlgFGo
.70Please respect copyright.PENANARIX1gfrM94
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAciVDG2Xgp1
.70Please respect copyright.PENANA3HgYHOpJTY
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAK5ikfZKcUh
.70Please respect copyright.PENANAXMhwC36xUa
.70Please respect copyright.PENANA17YeU7hocD
70Please respect copyright.PENANAD7SyOkupyW
…唔使咁急喎70Please respect copyright.PENANAU6ngl2OAcz
食埋件餅先慢慢傾啦70Please respect copyright.PENANAk5KPDe5Ytx下一集《柏林盛宴》70Please respect copyright.PENANAydDga8kfAY
就會講吓呢個喺後世惡名昭彰嘅柏林會議70Please respect copyright.PENANACEk273sa2j
當中嘅來龍去脈喇