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純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
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例如喺1867年尾132Please respect copyright.PENANAG0mmyO2ghU
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥132Please respect copyright.PENANA8GNWnvwdBg
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港132Please respect copyright.PENANAZpHxkqadPT
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殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人132Please respect copyright.PENANAka7MWY8aBj
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦132Please respect copyright.PENANA4KPmLgmPKj
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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喺1860年代中期開始132Please respect copyright.PENANA89ogLsACJ1
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國132Please respect copyright.PENANA6b6KJ5jolo
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國132Please respect copyright.PENANAdGfhkdbEv0
因為有國家機器加持132Please respect copyright.PENANAGbiUF8zbiG
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦132Please respect copyright.PENANAgmlXPAvr28
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喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中132Please respect copyright.PENANADPDVKR7HVf
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動132Please respect copyright.PENANAz9Apv2FslC
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好132Please respect copyright.PENANAY0qr8tUNqT
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場132Please respect copyright.PENANA5LUmGrE8fG
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦132Please respect copyright.PENANAY02nTzrqbO
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
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巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟132Please respect copyright.PENANAzTMAjOcKli
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為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎132Please respect copyright.PENANAXIMIviL1TY
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從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話132Please respect copyright.PENANAcuOGzl4nZp
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠132Please respect copyright.PENANAJhrNkxsPDj
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手132Please respect copyright.PENANAUl1mqljpDG
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咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張132Please respect copyright.PENANA1OzfHQEI2S
喺1880年尾開始132Please respect copyright.PENANA2IeYhNUSGW
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構132Please respect copyright.PENANAYFPJskMEVP
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見132Please respect copyright.PENANAvlSiskiMJW
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1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;132Please respect copyright.PENANAklUUNjQX65
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅132Please respect copyright.PENANAgZg5ObMnb1
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
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不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫132Please respect copyright.PENANA3zIyTAqQGX
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呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權132Please respect copyright.PENANAuBjZiJnvUJ
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫132Please respect copyright.PENANAorxsRbmqTD
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAyZtjSaOn9K
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAuSE53pwdue
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話132Please respect copyright.PENANA1M74enEBXs
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務132Please respect copyright.PENANAUKE5q6gB9L
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店132Please respect copyright.PENANAw7RQj01U94
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要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAIwYbOQEd6A
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國132Please respect copyright.PENANAQdnteqtE2B
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畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦132Please respect copyright.PENANA04Uh86q0t2
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇132Please respect copyright.PENANAUyUBP8Spy6
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大132Please respect copyright.PENANAJkocEJdj5B
佢要嘅效果132Please respect copyright.PENANAo8A8LWkSeV
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令德國喺短時間內132Please respect copyright.PENANAx6qFNHewEN
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地132Please respect copyright.PENANAtiSbCC8ikj
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽132Please respect copyright.PENANARSdGSR82hh
德國作為老三要做嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAg580mmqsQ7
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自己喺歐陸先會安穩132Please respect copyright.PENANAWdP0IdLRH9
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAyqfMbbJ8Pi
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俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合132Please respect copyright.PENANAyX4SJ5AMqL
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咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議132Please respect copyright.PENANA8RN2naBenW
有越演越烈嘅趨勢132Please respect copyright.PENANAWZvnXtAqWs
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙132Please respect copyright.PENANAj7vYnaehiy
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟132Please respect copyright.PENANABWkY2qZ9fu
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議132Please respect copyright.PENANAAZzzl8ScMt
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地132Please respect copyright.PENANAVB7RfooZQX
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)132Please respect copyright.PENANAtSolIrweZF
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整132Please respect copyright.PENANAmXVPSODCfw
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點132Please respect copyright.PENANAkTh2tKhbin
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你132Please respect copyright.PENANA414iBeksYV
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各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓132Please respect copyright.PENANAK26QPmgCDd
都紛紛嚮應132Please respect copyright.PENANAsv1nJbgvQM
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸132Please respect copyright.PENANAZoUNPQseol
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家132Please respect copyright.PENANArB5rza45js
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織132Please respect copyright.PENANAGlnj54I3EY
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)132Please respect copyright.PENANAr4SHVwlhXr
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別132Please respect copyright.PENANAza22ZXaVzz
嗰時冇飛機132Please respect copyright.PENANAI9h0wJwWDC
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會132Please respect copyright.PENANASKrsZ2Y7vk
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與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人132Please respect copyright.PENANAgXEVjFPc8J
相反今次嚟開會嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANA8gNtKEsNgb
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啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首132Please respect copyright.PENANAGzLSslYHlC
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假132Please respect copyright.PENANAHONbvmSaD0
總共開咗104日132Please respect copyright.PENANABQRNXI7aPa
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結132Please respect copyright.PENANAHDTs3LyYn2
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咁從側面反映132Please respect copyright.PENANAdg9Vb6OZUs
喺嗰時對各國嚟講132Please respect copyright.PENANAILeJ13yh4B
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大132Please respect copyright.PENANAYKfoSdBQNc
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:132Please respect copyright.PENANAJOM0J3cgTw
1)剛果盆地歸屬132Please respect copyright.PENANAppOcjPUMJf
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關於第一個問題132Please respect copyright.PENANAsTVi5TSEHI
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓132Please respect copyright.PENANAQTB1PiCyVI
我就唔係呢度重覆喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAJZLuFrfeqF
簡單重溫吓132Please respect copyright.PENANAJMTOseRycu
當時各國已經知道132Please respect copyright.PENANAAM0O9QMaSw
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼132Please respect copyright.PENANAAUb7EdBcRR
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇132Please respect copyright.PENANA3qqOsE86IA
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畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地132Please respect copyright.PENANATxXkXMq7lh
對各國都有好處132Please respect copyright.PENANAFxCvaee9rI
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作132Please respect copyright.PENANASKAJUfdAsO
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫132Please respect copyright.PENANATxcKFbcqrT
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果132Please respect copyright.PENANAo0IHZlb1OP
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸132Please respect copyright.PENANAg8VZ7uxEUq
而北岸就歸法國所有132Please respect copyright.PENANApbZLgegK2H
就係咁132Please respect copyright.PENANAISUTigjBE9
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANAovYPkftzdS
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先132Please respect copyright.PENANAcbzEf5xxqG
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議132Please respect copyright.PENANAPzpg0dzjVo
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAzJki6d8qOJ
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議132Please respect copyright.PENANArna7H7AZjJ
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANAJSSyiKuhez
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先132Please respect copyright.PENANAlIwb7vdLfh
唔使咁心急住132Please respect copyright.PENANALuq3Fr8k0E
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇132Please respect copyright.PENANAfwLxKcQ5aD
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題132Please respect copyright.PENANA189sKwPZMW
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河132Please respect copyright.PENANAxNPoGS2Sbj
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道132Please respect copyright.PENANAqtTUHGpoMQ
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題132Please respect copyright.PENANAFuZQE9cmV5
其實就相對簡單132Please respect copyright.PENANAeeNMqN7qRi
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易132Please respect copyright.PENANAidLmNA4Xe3
所以航行自由係必須嘅132Please respect copyright.PENANAAUuMI6U0Vt
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地132Please respect copyright.PENANAwEW3GTkQY5
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益132Please respect copyright.PENANAY8jqkd7t0O
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANA8vtvC9pGjI
得得得你坐番低先132Please respect copyright.PENANA2EjeaaSW7C
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據132Please respect copyright.PENANAMfjHfAzNv4
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題132Please respect copyright.PENANAl4r88Rk92V
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法132Please respect copyright.PENANAHFtLebjd1S
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後132Please respect copyright.PENANAC0rwIJUkHc
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔132Please respect copyright.PENANAQcvEB3ZLHD
嗰度就歸佢132Please respect copyright.PENANAbKSbDGcu6A
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地132Please respect copyright.PENANABKRIs5yMIH
對後來者其實相當唔公平132Please respect copyright.PENANA7GJMdkbvON
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘132Please respect copyright.PENANAkMzZsRiyRW
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
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即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
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邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度132Please respect copyright.PENANATnMnvSNy08
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國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制132Please respect copyright.PENANA0Z89lXBfZP
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我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會132Please respect copyright.PENANAVgTbNyypG0
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉132Please respect copyright.PENANA5wQ4cGpzwu
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議132Please respect copyright.PENANAjhgGSyAmi5
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英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒132Please respect copyright.PENANAwL1hEMGpRM
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佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜132Please respect copyright.PENANAOjCKivOmGa
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
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詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
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如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話132Please respect copyright.PENANAauI6ze0h9b
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兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己132Please respect copyright.PENANAkh7HvTo9MN
轉向支持國際剛果協會132Please respect copyright.PENANAOV8jZQDEsd
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而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
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自始成為一塊飛地132Please respect copyright.PENANAMCM3eygoyu往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
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係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
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又點會理會同預料到呢
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自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲132Please respect copyright.PENANAEkM63Zt1BO
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俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡132Please respect copyright.PENANALiCkrY21p9
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佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶132Please respect copyright.PENANA1s7USFGdSz
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威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由132Please respect copyright.PENANABs2Y8gBxtF
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
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最終走向大戰⋯⋯132Please respect copyright.PENANAhJSrZReIx9
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令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對132Please respect copyright.PENANAE8t7SCENI5
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
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