好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMK1Rc5sOki
正如上面所講101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFlK5tAVpYp
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHkc1hc7dXb
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4Z0Q4HFNDp
規模實在太細101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDGTAePIuLv
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpx7SrtFPUJ
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrsBPK2mm35
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSCqbQSaxJQ
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZEZWFIkaHk
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3lNYITPnYH
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRLlSaxeWFc
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfbNxhdsdf8
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMzHFeByal6
例如喺1867年尾101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCM3kIvLfK0
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1woZmWV7h2
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfyvxYSCWm2
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXVbChCebZJ
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJpkAAK9nV4
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7XnxgCxZu4
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKzg9QGr9f0
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡST1mgivc1q
以德國個地理位置101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6DP8PswDOJ
發展遠洋艦隊101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2ALB6atyYg
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWfFZBFFn6W
冇強大嘅海軍101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn65brCbBmx
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN2I6D8uTnJ
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWjhfLcd1ip
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgtI32MrKTL
喺1860年代中期開始101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZFun1fwv2t
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjFAEnvRrYk
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs1SiaHzJHX
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡygoTsOatyl
諗住入去分一杯羹101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnfh1Ejrmi4
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn24OhORazK
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQVdRGQA9y4
因為有國家機器加持101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtjp6TXjfKS
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmmuBR5wuo0
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47pyc0xAx2
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYK14Uxmv9n
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ698R6pM1w
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiHCk4nZ6SC
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOuLT43ap2H
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVbWCG2mVpB
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN5jMJi8EUH
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCtmL3zs7uW
而德奧意三國同盟101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ46s1Ry7B14
以及三帝同盟續期101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0pTxC4usMG
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIjFQFGYyUD
至少係表面上啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmWZc9O99aV
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsoE3iH1ZNQ
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡplRGmcHNhE
另一方面101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5iM6vnr7qe
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOSFKAarIAR
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDeCRiWzUUm
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk721GjBYo1
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRYEOoa7e0J
呢啲殖民地爭議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡATss341E7k
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo8yXTxM0R1
德國要參與其中101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE13zkLDu8f
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5JCwiReBeB
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVnW4ZnSpOo
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7LO6veDKlW
先可以埋枱玩101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpsIajWMQip
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡki8oNW2l9i
喺1880年尾開始101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQQvJEVAPdy
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3vOCuTMEhR
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmHF3GniZi8
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfdco7o9KsP
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲（納米比亞）；7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆；101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBKunq7dBbf
1885年2月-德屬東非（坦桑尼亞）；4月-肯雅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhxoXZYzy94
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSeyxhgp0qj
於是德國喺一年間101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOoFViDK3zG
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaL5lI2VxBB
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnLaGE9y6oI
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOcRcql35sm
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkNi3Ij74GZ
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPnRxAjSLoc
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdO7blFnAGZ
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl6KILY2ADu
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjzViRXJJZ3
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ403f8B2Ay7
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoSWReD3R9z
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4c5nxoZLk
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡorZ4pn3t61
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnCXJOndWhV
而係啲私人企業101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkgKblm8JuU
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMBdOGZBjMz
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnqxANOoJfw
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuMzflJ6WGd
佢要嘅效果101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ44XiA5z18K
就係用最低成本101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡalYzRm0zyg
令德國喺短時間內101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH5UEqozpbO
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ451ksg4WMr
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPhnA7q5eoE
德國作為老三要做嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSOlAcDW1Xz
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI9WCpH79L5
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzgfP8WurS8
自己喺歐陸先會安穩101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt1pDQZuBat
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoZ61eqNxAo
而家就爭咁張賭枱101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBb33a4hsry
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbSmcybVqWW
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7vpu8nEniL
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUyqg1c65HO
有越演越烈嘅趨勢101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3caiawKHkc
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47RLRE2toW
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzqzsq7V8ZQ
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbctVR3irBK
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm1Zn21UZx8
（即現今安哥拉，詳情請參閱第二集）101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3bVcoy7XyR
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9GOBBaFR4v
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3i7h9fur2z
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs3gPIjuhu5
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7voHdz5qff
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqpGdC7iVhm
都紛紛嚮應101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIzTgA5gocF
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNZnIG6vi2C
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4cDNWg0tgJ
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS99JcEj6if
（比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加）101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Nj3MZ3IXJ
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡabNClO4Gai
嗰時冇飛機101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9SMQz1dE7X
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMScOwIF02c
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc9lZE50xQI
好似上次柏林會議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtlckhrI92u
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvCEs1TAXz4
相反今次嚟開會嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuCmMixXRWn
都係各國駐柏林大使101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRJ4XFt9x0D
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcuuqeyskHg
每當要決定某啲事務時101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ30PfhKEk1
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVDW5Xc9fGD
所以個會都拖到幾長吓101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXNICdarT7x
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3cnFRokRfG
總共開咗104日101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNXLvKHI1YN
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwqE9OE2diL
（對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月）101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXxmdW2avAc
咁從側面反映101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbXnRgrMhdo
喺嗰時對各國嚟講101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxctsfM5J8E
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMUgGOFYdM5
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有：101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuuN7KOTZsC
1)剛果盆地歸屬101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOACNoOEWhN
2)兩大水系（尼日河同剛果河）航權101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEV2fuosDee
3)何謂“有效佔據”101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJqUGtrZyfO
關於第一個問題101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4oJaElBpD
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrKFdVWVsIO
我就唔係呢度重覆喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoFWvkp29p4
簡單重溫吓101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa3gRsr8Slb
當時各國已經知道101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOFf5RalKha
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡESzzj12oFL
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtatlJ0nJku
不過基於勢力平衡關係101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsXcmHcWFoW
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6sbqdq9fK1
對各國都有好處101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuLS0hns1yH
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMnnYuYTIf5
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8M2EmFUeii
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfboXZYzJG4
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe2h98yceBA
而北岸就歸法國所有101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa3iInmsJ4w
就係咁101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSRZQxtB1L5
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAZnYwdG9TE
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMyjMkHK14I
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbrQ6brBO0P
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqPzRCYcJNj
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNaPRPWSXOc
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH4uHAUxRa2
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXlMhSj1fM1
唔使咁心急住101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgb0pv6DyDc
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNU6HAhGiyH
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPkooqNt5qr
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL7acCjuNFW
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLBrx7jj6YN
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDgXgqucoxY
其實就相對簡單101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrXw2bYCTnq
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡawhrRdK9xb
所以航行自由係必須嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKdRjcr743B
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjk93cVrbQk
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVxj9Xjm8az
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYYI8M8cnKQ
得得得你坐番低先101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBuCnxTdG5u
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAFrYZNaVrL
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz8ZNgjBffc
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkMlXwqm9wH
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdLhxjm22yn
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPRzBb1JSON
嗰度就歸佢101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTBJpS7zr0H
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡspuH9z0Iys
對後來者其實相當唔公平101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ9nmT0pEMj
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmzN6PRYxTg
並顯示對當地有實質控制101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSoVUU5wZbA
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwbaPt1KQ9q
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgwzVvWjgSd
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8W5AYJlfnJ
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfhTYVyh7z9
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvZeSEK9uON
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4WsZwI8R67
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1F48UECsqg
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVJ3nlS3xHx
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGo1d9K2RO7
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNaCnIxdol1
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPz05ouhtLG
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCKniQbyW8V
都劃晒畀佢101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQHe4qnYUbH
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ706y88d1tb
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2f2FEpunCQ
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0yotXnVQeH
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqxdBe3WAc1
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxf098WrV6u
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuOGLNvB9VN
唔係㗎嘛101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3RV6JDiAQY
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3ddc0Eu6Tx
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2AucjfBnLS
以剛果河口為例101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTMUeBwCEiI
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEHuSP1k3Wa
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj2Uyls0VTq
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT0k6BPubCx
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh4jJcxCcMs
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeiRyaBtOTO
大家有冇異議?
本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGryfjLOQsi
支持佢爭取剛果河口101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYFpinBNsYf
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzeyb58CQfQ
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu8QjZQvg1H
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlcCt5O3i7t
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ29R8qDuu03
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6wa3GW4VEB
是為非洲版過三關101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcw7VfOMFie
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeh4BKFRbUo
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1bX4WceC9M
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo2cTrUpWAn
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfDOfLRnvF7
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPBsIOCROn1
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbdi07R4DGY
轉向支持國際剛果協會101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV3ENx5BKlI
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzctVsHLymD
獲得完全嘅外交勝利101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDryfPCUJWC
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAKKnL8PsYI
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3lOz6mu9Ys
自始成為一塊飛地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtsT8gzQ8vB往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6kly5lbSXn
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHbJzvyMklj
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnRGM0Kx1Mv
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUnMUYTgcMR
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVrN8Rr8tTP
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6leVT0YYLH
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡruP7Z89P8E
冇錯101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8hzxejXoum
唔只你地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAuZZhnogg4
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOdNkZbNeVV
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXnK5EONQfq
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地，實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡousxVWyTdS
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8nZyZhEE5M
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtHfelllggb
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbhpQIjTij1
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKTPymJFzyK
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJD8Ec8JNGE
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS15jq65wgm
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvA3rFgtAlH
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5YbPFmXtoR
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4drlQZ19GG
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTNK8RXuaxc
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2vlSI58OYm
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe31hXAWUBf
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHzOZ2dMjXm
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAFapEwCBb9
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVXqapK1eQr
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmQM7lIfSOc
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9fHZ3mfp7m
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ01fZ3jjgW2
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHbfHFrNIJb
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0N5GMjmjIZ
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmEhWq1a9Th
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2t6yvrSR7J
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkplor5KlYF
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPCc6UesJBL
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8v7GnYEMfJ
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXSIapQ1Dut
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0bX2y3aJ47
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzm9oyvTKne
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFsjan49iNE
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsjs3w1d5sP
不過喺嗰時101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡebcPIYdSaG
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrC6ImQxiy5
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrlwRhR1OPI
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuXroMLGlLE
一步步拆解分岐101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKeAU65F2En
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ88GpjIfte
唔使動輒就要打要殺101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWbKA8nWslo
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlipIH6rB1H
以發展佢嘅經濟101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzJP8SphHbp
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyqI7AjyE5d
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZhvC8JvepT
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJMHWYbxTxt
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDn5HpVqgGb
終究有落幕嘅一日101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEIE5Xb9UJQ
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ80ep5NrMwL
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQM23vZcfBF
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0cuWTjNYWY
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGBZYJigYxu
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpKhX1Nun92
1890年3月22號101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdpqjwNVKcN
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgkJnQgdVrN
迫令佢辭職101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQjQgNn0CyZ
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzghtqHPbpP
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGOIyxLpmTT
對列強嚟講101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvsRKwyDGxy
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN5gQGSpJy3
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPNRLkn017u
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLSn2LwYxUc
最終走向大戰⋯⋯101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa6BmYcVj82
有時不禁會諗101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlQ9egRJu44
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8ZDi9UagL
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtUkzdohumC
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBhEMifsDIj
歷史會唔會改寫呢?101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBBIxlL45SJ
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRKkRZwXhVs共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSdVNksMSFz
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVsN1YsXVzm
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRNa0rOGvNM
-完-
ns18.223.169.109da2
然後按「加至主畫面」