好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4jLlc7ePva
正如上面所講139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoVQ916SsLA
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡICsA16af3I
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNsMjnbR87K
規模實在太細139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX3Douf0qfR
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO6FUTI8wP2
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIQ881TEmpE
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY9R50z7lNw
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUF3CAp9IIk
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5SfgfMEcX4
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKQ1qrB1BMV
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgt2TFbwR94
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxLH618RfhB
例如喺1867年尾139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCsXKJKHo4h
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8DFpeZd2Nc
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmmtLuD7HgT
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD22n69J12S
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSg471gJ138
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEoKDkL6cyC
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTHQnCrHcY7
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2ar0nbvnxJ
以德國個地理位置139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2DzqOezBvT
發展遠洋艦隊139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFuTnwZweUy
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡITmpbus2FJ
冇強大嘅海軍139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhPOSBTAhVs
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs6znGLIaw1
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgeKuYZ9AvH
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMF2CLLSN5x
喺1860年代中期開始139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCR8PKjgLRY
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqT0c7LVty2
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3H1H9nJpE4
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGJ97PH4kOZ
諗住入去分一杯羹139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4CYo3vdg4J
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWHNkj6cmg
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmjVa35E9D0
因為有國家機器加持139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUpdP39KMG2
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡETzLwIvWnR
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1qidRAKvqQ
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtzI0phHq3t
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJF1CqvahJJ
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuKDZKDR3w6
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLOtqkePBbk
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmQ7OCSXlJs
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIjpDBd8Svw
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTnH2K1WmHZ
而德奧意三國同盟139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbe31q2KXhg
以及三帝同盟續期139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ546brufwZD
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5x9WhzACtE
至少係表面上啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSg3g8tBaR4
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJA3NUGJq2Q
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVaqz5FFiJr
另一方面139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF35WkBinVi
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjfKU0EIdG3
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH33hA3s4pm
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtV68JmFX0X
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTZ8f9VD8Fi
呢啲殖民地爭議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD8uytWyJ0G
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKNSgV8wKoT
德國要參與其中139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbMU2Sn1lxU
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC9KV0lTHGG
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4YpmSvaN0H
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXqQsOo46kf
先可以埋枱玩139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAoYsgUddLr
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdzs1y7ZsKH
喺1880年尾開始139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcZy5vtdXZP
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmLkHtN03qQ
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsETtOo26W4
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwYYLPSlyRz
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲（納米比亞）；7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆；139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMrynLjNXKB
1885年2月-德屬東非（坦桑尼亞）；4月-肯雅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSFIK5ZgNg1
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEhFCdwARmc
於是德國喺一年間139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ67SuHrn9po
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf2y2PbnOqr
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlUiXQrLric
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6vcR9u4nTw
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFaVrFaxF1V
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQHxpxayQq1
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9DaoTmMRMv
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0bv2isww4n
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmPUnQwF5au
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvbmCkckavu
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNCwWd5rbZS
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx1prgpKjZu
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj3Uqqvsosk
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoOLAJrNYQd
而係啲私人企業139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAdf0IeDHWz
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBde82NgZWC
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdwwN9fwxxh
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhjk8EDDiku
佢要嘅效果139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbCev2NZ3HF
就係用最低成本139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFb14KQD3gz
令德國喺短時間內139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNb12bfaGv4
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjXccP7dRoH
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZxiTj1lacS
德國作為老三要做嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ42KwnUhQdA
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtgmXT5D0yp
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgpUKyGlK8O
自己喺歐陸先會安穩139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6R4uQsWv0d
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeDo6LQnd0a
而家就爭咁張賭枱139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxhOG7xhrhi
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt5Pz2IVGuk
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNSmIoimuPB
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOjtvE2IFrR
有越演越烈嘅趨勢139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJUIwWDF03o
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAFaCUxOzPC
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPfD1683W7q
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc4H8g3KcfQ
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡszzYuMHpjb
（即現今安哥拉，詳情請參閱第二集）139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMc8jTghthj
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB7oFfwPsZ4
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxRzdXTGSHL
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyioRa6FTEk
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8ButygWIje
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡggYSP3r5Rq
都紛紛嚮應139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ703uMlMbUp
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8ViqlAGosv
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXDXgYoWhfN
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuyJV2NlPtt
（比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加）139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHTCQni5P2G
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVBjfuH7aPn
嗰時冇飛機139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh0zOs2dKUw
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLWSQT1SCIr
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDfHoEJJnCZ
好似上次柏林會議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuqHAUkTtsP
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj1nT7CvYQY
相反今次嚟開會嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4eLQA2K274
都係各國駐柏林大使139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAVNpkkzvqP
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYvj9NoATJq
每當要決定某啲事務時139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0EjDmDmmFx
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSDSCQJgZrI
所以個會都拖到幾長吓139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJwJEMCgZsQ
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDPp9ev6fJS
總共開咗104日139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpfC0z0heUx
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOJRc8ZqXPP
（對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月）139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk7EOLXtJiU
咁從側面反映139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRKGBTfSdeu
喺嗰時對各國嚟講139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh0KFfiIj2T
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡysEahRbQHX
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有：139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXNLsGE5qza
1)剛果盆地歸屬139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0RyWdxaeT4
2)兩大水系（尼日河同剛果河）航權139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡktNoG8YBdU
3)何謂“有效佔據”139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWCOPFDWMq
關於第一個問題139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3P1r0WN038
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ82Yg9iYDzl
我就唔係呢度重覆喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDaJ56hPXYe
簡單重溫吓139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB6LWx4oJSb
當時各國已經知道139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlwUpYOtbF0
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6mWvnPOUA
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUffkWsas8z
不過基於勢力平衡關係139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbh1xMBwtr6
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjjdu7Dt4nt
對各國都有好處139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCkA4MbCNTD
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgRWWIhpahG
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXtj6QqQ9CA
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr2Lq9fpDl3
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5RXCFz4AXV
而北岸就歸法國所有139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4QzN8UZotC
就係咁139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvNgk8eXbJo
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9P3jGZLu4q
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkl9djxF8KL
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJux4cNv0o0
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7RqN8zTXjc
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjPRpEJMs1A
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCc38UM3Dgb
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq6bcW4aCwz
唔使咁心急住139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcHjtUNfjUN
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBYMyv9dmPr
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfpZLK6i9d3
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxIByDXIFc
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBHnMm97ITQ
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjHvJfvgNoX
其實就相對簡單139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKBNtJEV84F
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeMRRskJyHs
所以航行自由係必須嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqDjNWB9B8H
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE5B0ihEMNm
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZdBgBP5RVf
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5NEZHHXC8l
得得得你坐番低先139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmZisZ4w6KZ
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCQL5Du5CWL
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJvNqwi6lHj
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9zVSlkZbml
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOYbzbCYfdC
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoQYZtST6VT
嗰度就歸佢139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyfw7Z46EeT
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ90Cl73dS7r
對後來者其實相當唔公平139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKrfqFMLkXz
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpg0vML6fN9
並顯示對當地有實質控制139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXlkwQ9ES5b
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWmljF7fwp1
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9pzk0PnNIi
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1b97bgcAae
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡExOVLUd1Lf
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUMQRZItBAW
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKVyTGgeUaI
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTWaJFiqecW
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlGO26MEJEb
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmlSjpzUTK0
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4AbYQ6czaG
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLZZhq8DNQJ
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ221tCtjkQf
都劃晒畀佢139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnwlKtiSvwJ
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHtxOX6RXc0
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ94B2lGmhfd
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXslD7IJrpu
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf8ts3NVSE8
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMLxogoeFfn
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxshljTwf1Y
唔係㗎嘛139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ08ff57TEUq
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX5vI5VPSTA
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5E2JZNxOTy
以剛果河口為例139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ08sdHQy05F
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVT1KiqoSOf
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiM4mIMQRyz
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlNDsw3noIQ
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ56FnOTvhWV
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZdW7khoSiz
大家有冇異議?
本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDlQts7MYOV
支持佢爭取剛果河口139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8mSzOrWWvq
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPQ92prFs7G
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfep7BtQLj1
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR9vu8aTXmZ
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWvLSUuMnfs
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ZPGineV1C
是為非洲版過三關139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkyqaiffrPE
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPtTKaEY7kf
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOhxn5XyHC7
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl3XUEtw2fw
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKJ5Beq7qB7
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYjYqRhJuhL
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQq9X8Uw1if
轉向支持國際剛果協會139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP1IaJXlZkc
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlUVOj8lxZn
獲得完全嘅外交勝利139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIeL1Qq8Af5
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3XCKRi5lAR
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLO3m6UeZmR
自始成為一塊飛地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡStXavcGBa2往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6qG7FgxRk
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9zKJol65Qt
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqRfOG8PHX9
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSb4c1uDxV5
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt4cilhoSTe
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDJRaFaOkHm
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHexmBCjfDU
冇錯139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCQ7HYnCIvA
唔只你地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVIhM7l5eMC
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4oAv42TXoj
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZQ2YqQkKTU
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地，實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpk2XfvSqmq
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHUTBoKDYwd
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCDLq59eijE
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF2n65OnY6T
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgYteIp5N1F
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡahO8GKFcpZ
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4dCkbCLTI
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaEybZCl8Y1
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmaAxysnpLz
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFi5l97Dn6L
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP7EmqqZm6I
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp5S4nm8Gcl
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpYgivgEhGm
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6Aix7Lg9Ux
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZdjjsH7cWA
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLFKJohKi9U
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM70MnYUqiP
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTEj0MJjTQp
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtfaBgZGYZp
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyWZtoGYRLy
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAg0UNyHIw9
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS7T1enK5g3
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ54ZIiYzZFO
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlriDxhg3Ob
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5v1t4S9GX1
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXm0Z09j7I5
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCwYm4ijmZ9
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDsRjo0BwIf
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa6PzoxOH46
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzh1EhoO14u
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN9wHKqLaem
不過喺嗰時139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK8Jv6pHyRw
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtMQmTnc3jq
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ10Zk1wx9DA
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpn1kFy6xna
一步步拆解分岐139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRa0G9ZFAZm
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9HTJ9nHhwD
唔使動輒就要打要殺139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiVZge33pH0
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdUvtQ2ExB6
以發展佢嘅經濟139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx2wlbyqrIT
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwZo89x9rjL
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEZBV73bWhi
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqwhv6B7XXM
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0RkKa5GAxN
終究有落幕嘅一日139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp34zwwVHDR
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy5Rs1EWMJJ
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF9DheWrRB2
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYW1HIZcMAp
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa7tWexrlKq
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1FaRPH7ncA
1890年3月22號139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfyKYA1pr1K
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrXhBWPDE0a
迫令佢辭職139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQcWuDfcPxe
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnQS4O41nXX
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxhD0GAcYcF
對列強嚟講139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAWDvqXeTiJ
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXgApPZbYdS
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrDF7V7lXX8
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwu3d2Zi850
最終走向大戰⋯⋯139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBjjoF9qx7M
有時不禁會諗139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSV6cQXizSJ
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjuQody2cSk
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9xmaa3Zl2W
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYB0AT0K7y1
歷史會唔會改寫呢?139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf7RrCg5MnK
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqzkVnGqTUg共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡstjf9qzlX3
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ80tPXibe37
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
139Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIwLD9pbMOZ
-完-
ns216.73.217.1da2
然後按「加至主畫面」