
好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會76Please respect copyright.PENANALcImROeiVQ
正如上面所講76Please respect copyright.PENANANeA3mO1BdI
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒76Please respect copyright.PENANAmmH8d8NMer
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍76Please respect copyright.PENANAEh1ztTiTN1
規模實在太細76Please respect copyright.PENANA5WEIyi3xzV
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展76Please respect copyright.PENANA4eamnqoDI3
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊76Please respect copyright.PENANAFwxIQlExiy
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指76Please respect copyright.PENANAm6nNe3TUGK
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號76Please respect copyright.PENANA9YuqKrr9iI
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇76Please respect copyright.PENANA3E00ywiGRz
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因76Please respect copyright.PENANAenSTxICTv3
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展76Please respect copyright.PENANAcNNbntTvHQ
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭76Please respect copyright.PENANAgeVQeGDszE
例如喺1867年尾76Please respect copyright.PENANA55VnkbaiTZ
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥76Please respect copyright.PENANAF8hOvY3Fqk
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港76Please respect copyright.PENANARFquHS0xO7
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停76Please respect copyright.PENANA9mGvVsegpY
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國76Please respect copyright.PENANAO6DTE9qa78
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)76Please respect copyright.PENANAQcUq6JW6Vk
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚76Please respect copyright.PENANA7zcYAkKzWV
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國76Please respect copyright.PENANAijWqDC6nhq
以德國個地理位置76Please respect copyright.PENANAHMBwzPGnMv
發展遠洋艦隊76Please respect copyright.PENANASv33IoXv4t
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源76Please respect copyright.PENANAL1OIlrz5xm
冇強大嘅海軍76Please respect copyright.PENANAdcBW9navsc
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人76Please respect copyright.PENANAeYZm1AG9IP
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦76Please respect copyright.PENANAR8Ys7kaoF4
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往76Please respect copyright.PENANAkdmB5vPfrd
喺1860年代中期開始76Please respect copyright.PENANAhMFVhuRx61
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後76Please respect copyright.PENANALwy5JgEqmP
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情76Please respect copyright.PENANAhDoxIdyncw
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團76Please respect copyright.PENANAeqom3pqvVc
諗住入去分一杯羹76Please respect copyright.PENANACH3DJdWFM6
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國76Please respect copyright.PENANAyWPJtuIiK8
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國76Please respect copyright.PENANAFQ8ZWrR3tB
因為有國家機器加持76Please respect copyright.PENANAwAd2YQ8tTE
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦76Please respect copyright.PENANA5NXItMBtch
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAqBpYEYfxXU
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中76Please respect copyright.PENANACZY49fYCCc
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動76Please respect copyright.PENANAjRNkJUFiJw
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好76Please respect copyright.PENANAmeDhSIPlZA
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場76Please respect copyright.PENANAkCpuYb7tDG
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦76Please respect copyright.PENANAzeqPXmLHUN
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後76Please respect copyright.PENANA2WoB5wRg8g
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟76Please respect copyright.PENANAADaZHuca8C
而德奧意三國同盟76Please respect copyright.PENANAF78Vcdie7b
以及三帝同盟續期76Please respect copyright.PENANAPozGkHifBk
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎76Please respect copyright.PENANAbyGlriSBNh
至少係表面上啦76Please respect copyright.PENANA0bmRJFj5iW
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄76Please respect copyright.PENANABzCi15pvGp
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAXm2VM7MY75
另一方面76Please respect copyright.PENANA4QwUy7bOtx
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易76Please respect copyright.PENANACJu1DcV0SL
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點76Please respect copyright.PENANAk046FhrHVi
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上76Please respect copyright.PENANA3EKlHj56x4
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同76Please respect copyright.PENANAAAOL2mno2H
呢啲殖民地爭議76Please respect copyright.PENANAnROXrZo7SU
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫76Please respect copyright.PENANAQ68CLtZdi0
德國要參與其中76Please respect copyright.PENANA0jyE3YRmz8
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話76Please respect copyright.PENANAXbIOSoIl6i
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠76Please respect copyright.PENANAzD1s0G7Sg5
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手76Please respect copyright.PENANAJ2bNWiitgf
先可以埋枱玩76Please respect copyright.PENANAZ089ESJp8q
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張76Please respect copyright.PENANAr836wcs3En
喺1880年尾開始76Please respect copyright.PENANAI5H9qCyiRf
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構76Please respect copyright.PENANAjbz8VqD2iI
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見76Please respect copyright.PENANA6GHvVrBuOU
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀76Please respect copyright.PENANA46RQjytY0b
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;76Please respect copyright.PENANAjQbkmKMSZ0
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅76Please respect copyright.PENANAUkQh7kZlwQ
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔76Please respect copyright.PENANAp1YWuJ6BXF
於是德國喺一年間76Please respect copyright.PENANASON4AKNffl
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁76Please respect copyright.PENANAO5mQtdRR02
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫76Please respect copyright.PENANATUx7KUxlsX
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度76Please respect copyright.PENANA1bQfo91wor
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權76Please respect copyright.PENANAnbb0jOHKN4
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫76Please respect copyright.PENANATyWJRZjLAe
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAQyRAKr1tMI
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANARIykx7zXse
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話76Please respect copyright.PENANAiseUXGiiAZ
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務76Please respect copyright.PENANAUJpusAUO7d
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店76Please respect copyright.PENANAKZKr0Pr4j1
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上76Please respect copyright.PENANADvn9dKH1DP
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAITe48XwaFy
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國76Please respect copyright.PENANA5OuFp4HXoX
而係啲私人企業76Please respect copyright.PENANAdgX4GNGihM
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦76Please respect copyright.PENANAv0JUA34Xpq
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇76Please respect copyright.PENANATVriCCg1Ou
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大76Please respect copyright.PENANAAXJYb6t3RC
佢要嘅效果76Please respect copyright.PENANAD8K47kIg1y
就係用最低成本76Please respect copyright.PENANAdgcTA0RQbc
令德國喺短時間內76Please respect copyright.PENANA0azaIfV7fT
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地76Please respect copyright.PENANAcj3qfLwILs
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽76Please respect copyright.PENANAiC9R2r69yt
德國作為老三要做嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAMn5yVQmesM
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力76Please respect copyright.PENANA1stchrZPYL
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗76Please respect copyright.PENANALtqIJWXJtn
自己喺歐陸先會安穩76Please respect copyright.PENANAMUQ73ggqQ8
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAMbqwubJS8t
而家就爭咁張賭枱76Please respect copyright.PENANA5lcu4lvReV
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合76Please respect copyright.PENANAZ7BoBVpS7f
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中76Please respect copyright.PENANA3ujeqowirt
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議76Please respect copyright.PENANAXs0XStJs0l
有越演越烈嘅趨勢76Please respect copyright.PENANAuWNbXvaIj4
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙76Please respect copyright.PENANA60S9tyoXzH
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟76Please respect copyright.PENANAex1uj3bOSw
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議76Please respect copyright.PENANAxDUUAGGiKu
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地76Please respect copyright.PENANAb6Q2rRf6P0
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)76Please respect copyright.PENANAE6pRKPdrtk
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整76Please respect copyright.PENANAZsFk66ucoP
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點76Please respect copyright.PENANARnzRC2FOhY
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你76Please respect copyright.PENANASku5zTPSet
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟76Please respect copyright.PENANAUuL6gVdmZi
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓76Please respect copyright.PENANAq3c04Eo8Vf
都紛紛嚮應76Please respect copyright.PENANAeCllsWOryu
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸76Please respect copyright.PENANA6ZtQKXnHIC
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家76Please respect copyright.PENANAtv2oR3XeRt
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織76Please respect copyright.PENANAFGpBustCXL
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)76Please respect copyright.PENANARhxIjJV8SK
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別76Please respect copyright.PENANAKpzdfFS9qZ
嗰時冇飛機76Please respect copyright.PENANAJGbkMDMQGa
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會76Please respect copyright.PENANAvnDVhuB61k
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事76Please respect copyright.PENANATTvkO6RgU6
好似上次柏林會議76Please respect copyright.PENANAnHdAj6Qtz1
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人76Please respect copyright.PENANA9Fq2j3Ixna
相反今次嚟開會嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAEcoijqyPIo
都係各國駐柏林大使76Please respect copyright.PENANAraT6zMDLBR
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANArsdmckL8rT
每當要決定某啲事務時76Please respect copyright.PENANA3Zww9RQtJx
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首76Please respect copyright.PENANAPpnEdQGSEs
所以個會都拖到幾長吓76Please respect copyright.PENANAQtIsQmIaV4
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假76Please respect copyright.PENANA2PHM5yIacY
總共開咗104日76Please respect copyright.PENANARKp52TkTxz
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結76Please respect copyright.PENANAiB907KDv15
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)76Please respect copyright.PENANANxTk5AOmh3
咁從側面反映76Please respect copyright.PENANAQx92gFRuyK
喺嗰時對各國嚟講76Please respect copyright.PENANALXpjz8M3yw
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大76Please respect copyright.PENANABh8XObyrXS
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:76Please respect copyright.PENANAjoghRkiWzA
1)剛果盆地歸屬76Please respect copyright.PENANARqHAXeejjH
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權76Please respect copyright.PENANAhRBeUd6Na0
3)何謂“有效佔據”76Please respect copyright.PENANANGxJNn4y0C
關於第一個問題76Please respect copyright.PENANAoPJ3r7K78N
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓76Please respect copyright.PENANAjsGAm5MUeb
我就唔係呢度重覆喇76Please respect copyright.PENANARS7aEoowDv
簡單重溫吓76Please respect copyright.PENANAdYmRv0a91u
當時各國已經知道76Please respect copyright.PENANAjAc78pX8fS
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼76Please respect copyright.PENANAjjbWv4G6T9
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAIYziQYzcVp
不過基於勢力平衡關係76Please respect copyright.PENANATNdC2WmVNE
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地76Please respect copyright.PENANAyzFdqA18kV
對各國都有好處76Please respect copyright.PENANAFoDPV5sM8J
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作76Please respect copyright.PENANAGfqY9zcz3s
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫76Please respect copyright.PENANAVcFVrJlDOp
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果76Please respect copyright.PENANA8yVBzL3vvT
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸76Please respect copyright.PENANAgxaprsN6PH
而北岸就歸法國所有76Please respect copyright.PENANALegdKcMDdp
就係咁76Please respect copyright.PENANAClxzeVStY0
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯76Please respect copyright.PENANAQTG6Q1FNsz
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先76Please respect copyright.PENANAzLFZcO3NFj
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議76Please respect copyright.PENANAAsWP5NBJBv
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAIuUZ6YECjj
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議76Please respect copyright.PENANAeASCoAt79A
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯76Please respect copyright.PENANAN4eCSyxLQ9
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先76Please respect copyright.PENANALNv9Uq6IIG
唔使咁心急住76Please respect copyright.PENANAOAXvWzEjtb
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAk3kQUDziPR
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題76Please respect copyright.PENANAyuvNa35iZ7
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河76Please respect copyright.PENANAeAlX396XZ0
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道76Please respect copyright.PENANAxd1V1bBSpI
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題76Please respect copyright.PENANAUqlcZIS6rZ
其實就相對簡單76Please respect copyright.PENANAtrKyFPSz9f
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易76Please respect copyright.PENANAlee9erMpHP
所以航行自由係必須嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAc0Kl2qIxwC
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地76Please respect copyright.PENANAoEceV9pRJX
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益76Please respect copyright.PENANA6tAhpphSjx
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯76Please respect copyright.PENANAA1EML1kizi
得得得你坐番低先76Please respect copyright.PENANAlmXFgOdybH
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據76Please respect copyright.PENANA5MW4xJJiqe
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題76Please respect copyright.PENANAABRZ4dUM0H
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法76Please respect copyright.PENANAq8JhdDLD1N
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後76Please respect copyright.PENANAPQY8CjFcZn
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔76Please respect copyright.PENANAVpOWbYNpuN
嗰度就歸佢76Please respect copyright.PENANAPNKZMiTABA
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地76Please respect copyright.PENANAyVbfrIlOsb
對後來者其實相當唔公平76Please respect copyright.PENANAZkPUMHJnDE
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘76Please respect copyright.PENANAoOb352zweB
並顯示對當地有實質控制76Please respect copyright.PENANA1dn9FV0C5N
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等76Please respect copyright.PENANAR9GRvD5SWU
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國76Please respect copyright.PENANAypt5ixqenZ
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增76Please respect copyright.PENANAm1mPtE5GJJ
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAzWoCsto3l9
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會76Please respect copyright.PENANAhFbGTUPMMH
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國76Please respect copyright.PENANAxvPV7eYWWd
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場76Please respect copyright.PENANArAr6tKYFRf
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上76Please respect copyright.PENANAxPWGNBZC99
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAIr0qjaYlnN
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外76Please respect copyright.PENANAfbnioZLO8q
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地76Please respect copyright.PENANA1rsla5s6AB
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地76Please respect copyright.PENANAwWq0cK4uFL
都劃晒畀佢76Please respect copyright.PENANALCTp5TfKhh
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊76Please respect copyright.PENANA6hVObGy8qe
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表76Please respect copyright.PENANALGA49D2Ooo
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇76Please respect copyright.PENANACPHnQnGUfG
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話76Please respect copyright.PENANAbvcDbgRyZU
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦76Please respect copyright.PENANAW9DB8D5nN0
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?76Please respect copyright.PENANAnyH32ueEzO
唔係㗎嘛76Please respect copyright.PENANAexH5elYJ0G
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制76Please respect copyright.PENANAqnG8HXAPdY
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度76Please respect copyright.PENANAbnVVdx5Peo
以剛果河口為例76Please respect copyright.PENANApTglhb7888
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制76Please respect copyright.PENANA2mwhVZyltl
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件76Please respect copyright.PENANAp3jDJTtRzL
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎76Please respect copyright.PENANACVTEZbitK1
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會76Please respect copyright.PENANAw3lebrGAyG
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉76Please respect copyright.PENANAimcicDADlN
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議76Please respect copyright.PENANA7VsVLiciPb
支持佢爭取剛果河口76Please respect copyright.PENANADdqONxFMEp
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面76Please respect copyright.PENANAI9UI1ey1Rt
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒76Please respect copyright.PENANA2k45Epb5Ad
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話76Please respect copyright.PENANAB2JFSQ5UN3
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜76Please respect copyright.PENANAkOh5HSKJiK
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”76Please respect copyright.PENANAqOWVF8P3ZM
是為非洲版過三關76Please respect copyright.PENANAdJkeijrY5X
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難76Please respect copyright.PENANAFA0DY6BPw6
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話76Please respect copyright.PENANAAxzL3NElK1
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”76Please respect copyright.PENANAZanyxuWsG3
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話76Please respect copyright.PENANAzF2fJu6yeJ
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友76Please respect copyright.PENANA872LCaLlpX
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己76Please respect copyright.PENANAOaKiomBX2y
轉向支持國際剛果協會76Please respect copyright.PENANAg8OgB29IkS
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口76Please respect copyright.PENANAg2IK0QBrty
獲得完全嘅外交勝利76Please respect copyright.PENANAVsPcpyrNUf
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割76Please respect copyright.PENANAHmbo9uyEi0
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土76Please respect copyright.PENANA39SfZ40aj4
自始成為一塊飛地76Please respect copyright.PENANAZagHSXpDKz往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判76Please respect copyright.PENANAAzBk56Oufw
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈76Please respect copyright.PENANAymIXyuiZad
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦76Please respect copyright.PENANARGfvhKgYF3
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞76Please respect copyright.PENANATj5jvu7z1I
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦76Please respect copyright.PENANAkQUQLWq9fI
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等76Please respect copyright.PENANAfJYwHcnju8
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生76Please respect copyright.PENANAeemV1eEPAe
冇錯76Please respect copyright.PENANAojsrTGkClE
唔只你地76Please respect copyright.PENANAziuOpOjkXg
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜76Please respect copyright.PENANAhhxYVrH3ws
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言76Please respect copyright.PENANAmM9IIi6Fpc
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」76Please respect copyright.PENANAkaZ4bDEQV0
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地76Please respect copyright.PENANAggppg8EcTP
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割76Please respect copyright.PENANAXkugS3u0Vj
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益76Please respect copyright.PENANAvyog8TnuwE
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼76Please respect copyright.PENANA2mXqFC0aZJ
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦76Please respect copyright.PENANAg4Xo2B0h01
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAf4PcooXe9f
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界76Please respect copyright.PENANAnR9fFUcnay
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊76Please respect copyright.PENANAF9PNUhe3U8
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家76Please respect copyright.PENANAGndNQKqrGb
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭76Please respect copyright.PENANA4t9xfucTrr
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併76Please respect copyright.PENANApz20XQ5R1I
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動76Please respect copyright.PENANAo6g3LrF1T2
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機76Please respect copyright.PENANAdhDlhJGwQW
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事76Please respect copyright.PENANASpQcwSRCZf
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講76Please respect copyright.PENANAs8zHJYnpqB
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到76Please respect copyright.PENANAKuiXnNXBhn
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割76Please respect copyright.PENANA5bmr9GeEHI
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇76Please respect copyright.PENANA2AahiM2jWe
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”76Please respect copyright.PENANAK9QlDC2hi9
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸76Please respect copyright.PENANAv46lH7jGqm
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”76Please respect copyright.PENANAQeONdlcG4A
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”76Please respect copyright.PENANAZRuLj84KYu
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地76Please respect copyright.PENANAOYfENFAINU
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區76Please respect copyright.PENANATdybAfHOYW
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部76Please respect copyright.PENANA3A3T1xvKFR
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地76Please respect copyright.PENANAFjqLdRL8Ey
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講76Please respect copyright.PENANAAQBVX9xOYX
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先76Please respect copyright.PENANAhihf49Wokr
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦76Please respect copyright.PENANA9rT904GDoq
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵76Please respect copyright.PENANAA8CrbqOKlD
不過喺嗰時76Please respect copyright.PENANAHVeql2cnBC
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架76Please respect copyright.PENANAmvBD73WBA9
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕76Please respect copyright.PENANAC7W7ZQbXH1
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中76Please respect copyright.PENANA8vdlIvAv6u
一步步拆解分岐76Please respect copyright.PENANAKLtdECuMR7
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案76Please respect copyright.PENANAaJIS8Thp1w
唔使動輒就要打要殺76Please respect copyright.PENANAeEYDQpE1MH
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸76Please respect copyright.PENANAHj9aKVzEoT
以發展佢嘅經濟76Please respect copyright.PENANAaYbCrHGWqz
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士76Please respect copyright.PENANA72g1AxBnJ2
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體76Please respect copyright.PENANA4PCqFMYV5E
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅76Please respect copyright.PENANAtpwJjp1Wrq
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲76Please respect copyright.PENANAxdxHluNrsC
終究有落幕嘅一日76Please respect copyright.PENANAgsDSQH7t3H
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時76Please respect copyright.PENANAb8oadhJ3sp
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡76Please respect copyright.PENANAigpv9Ggfpx
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇76Please respect copyright.PENANAqW5WcPxizE
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶76Please respect copyright.PENANANiOKAcir1y
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦76Please respect copyright.PENANAfwGMuU0BRU
1890年3月22號76Please respect copyright.PENANAmZpIOHw0tN
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由76Please respect copyright.PENANA1Efx2dRlpS
迫令佢辭職76Please respect copyright.PENANA2faPOVmgbZ
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台76Please respect copyright.PENANAwJD5JGEZuC
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解76Please respect copyright.PENANAOUYrXACJDM
對列強嚟講76Please respect copyright.PENANAgklSwRt9yQ
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴76Please respect copyright.PENANA5WzwECodio
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈76Please respect copyright.PENANAgIEo3Ky2Dx
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾76Please respect copyright.PENANAwN98w1efc8
最終走向大戰⋯⋯76Please respect copyright.PENANAGX66SDy3kz
有時不禁會諗76Please respect copyright.PENANA9V70BANFE5
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎76Please respect copyright.PENANAWipgyYpBU4
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國76Please respect copyright.PENANAUijxlbbR1u
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對76Please respect copyright.PENANAkTRv0XhxWf
歷史會唔會改寫呢?76Please respect copyright.PENANAsIfDxqmjfb
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?76Please respect copyright.PENANAi5cJc0jfyX共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?76Please respect copyright.PENANAAAuCMe3spW
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我76Please respect copyright.PENANARnymGo8wwO
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
76Please respect copyright.PENANApZYjj1HL5U
-完-
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