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正如上面所講113Please respect copyright.PENANAOZtLf5oEYf
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒113Please respect copyright.PENANAlPJ4F2Mvo8
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍113Please respect copyright.PENANAE8WB2TkFJj
規模實在太細113Please respect copyright.PENANAMRtf3Kx1NR
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展113Please respect copyright.PENANA2jP20gk1bz
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊113Please respect copyright.PENANAuxGhQNU9ER
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指113Please respect copyright.PENANAx0VBkns5sb
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號113Please respect copyright.PENANA99VQoYmixi
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAnLEfkGvor4
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因113Please respect copyright.PENANAsvdNv7ouCD
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展113Please respect copyright.PENANAebrQyJb4vi
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭113Please respect copyright.PENANAvL9r815dad
例如喺1867年尾113Please respect copyright.PENANAfzLOqzO0g1
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥113Please respect copyright.PENANAl3ipPqBekB
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港113Please respect copyright.PENANAHpfc9RSqRn
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停113Please respect copyright.PENANAqedBMYDpQn
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國113Please respect copyright.PENANAIYwyS183l8
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)113Please respect copyright.PENANAIofa5aW2aO
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚113Please respect copyright.PENANADlwe0XOHHt
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國113Please respect copyright.PENANAXyRH54akrW
以德國個地理位置113Please respect copyright.PENANA3c1MgxYMKQ
發展遠洋艦隊113Please respect copyright.PENANAjg5ll1nwzT
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源113Please respect copyright.PENANAOmlAE27KRX
冇強大嘅海軍113Please respect copyright.PENANAS2QrA7xl0D
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人113Please respect copyright.PENANABupEWf9CaJ
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦113Please respect copyright.PENANAc6fm5nkyGe
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往113Please respect copyright.PENANAcnnbuIIryx
喺1860年代中期開始113Please respect copyright.PENANAIH7Lx34WwI
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後113Please respect copyright.PENANAFSH1v065fK
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情113Please respect copyright.PENANAxJHtfSz1in
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團113Please respect copyright.PENANA7nvsqsBK8a
諗住入去分一杯羹113Please respect copyright.PENANAyZVK3Sfxec
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國113Please respect copyright.PENANAPbmCowSgHW
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國113Please respect copyright.PENANAU2opASl9Tr
因為有國家機器加持113Please respect copyright.PENANARvsIUAmJ8Z
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAC8I7hYygWx
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAwS1tkviTvn
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中113Please respect copyright.PENANAANGpJm8LKz
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動113Please respect copyright.PENANARE4khaKD27
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好113Please respect copyright.PENANAWagfCVvhFo
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場113Please respect copyright.PENANAoErfqTJ35c
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAcF9s5iAN4Y
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後113Please respect copyright.PENANAQGGTJDVKuW
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟113Please respect copyright.PENANAZrVlYS2YJt
而德奧意三國同盟113Please respect copyright.PENANAXGfCJLHK2p
以及三帝同盟續期113Please respect copyright.PENANAhEgTcXJp71
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎113Please respect copyright.PENANAn9xvJVh5Ve
至少係表面上啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAHZKxi3xIIw
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄113Please respect copyright.PENANA9Notb1ouAZ
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAMczQ67IN1R
另一方面113Please respect copyright.PENANAgVpXtNeoNL
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易113Please respect copyright.PENANA6WXTH2ZmIa
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點113Please respect copyright.PENANAQz6udc8Z2k
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上113Please respect copyright.PENANAy0zgDVDuDf
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同113Please respect copyright.PENANAouXiF7d4Gn
呢啲殖民地爭議113Please respect copyright.PENANATLzP0NAOvW
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫113Please respect copyright.PENANAjpZ1hxlbql
德國要參與其中113Please respect copyright.PENANAABJsHfn9QR
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話113Please respect copyright.PENANAAqn2g8vR3M
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠113Please respect copyright.PENANA2W0xp87yO8
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手113Please respect copyright.PENANABge9Qpzenb
先可以埋枱玩113Please respect copyright.PENANAL6cTOTYvRk
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張113Please respect copyright.PENANAdbND4NORpf
喺1880年尾開始113Please respect copyright.PENANAvvSWAZSfrx
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構113Please respect copyright.PENANAkkPtnyJEfg
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見113Please respect copyright.PENANAJMGWq1vpqa
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀113Please respect copyright.PENANAzYZvMt6R6m
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;113Please respect copyright.PENANAhjQgCLtdj8
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅113Please respect copyright.PENANA9EH2pKa2Sy
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔113Please respect copyright.PENANAtXbUEv7zWy
於是德國喺一年間113Please respect copyright.PENANAkJ80dWIJ1y
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁113Please respect copyright.PENANAbUFSFoE29p
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫113Please respect copyright.PENANACelY1yWkjQ
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度113Please respect copyright.PENANA15Bwnb2uL2
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權113Please respect copyright.PENANAbcAEYcNO3B
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫113Please respect copyright.PENANA421htD3pZ6
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAANIrgQojum
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANANPAIfBy5kA
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話113Please respect copyright.PENANAN4eXGRKs8o
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務113Please respect copyright.PENANAexDyG5Tf8d
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店113Please respect copyright.PENANAcqaL4heE7x
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上113Please respect copyright.PENANAa4ilWr2YFh
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANAVikTo1uFg2
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國113Please respect copyright.PENANAUQjObHalr0
而係啲私人企業113Please respect copyright.PENANAVVPyYFrRns
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAG88IbLvL3i
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇113Please respect copyright.PENANAa3Z9olvML6
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大113Please respect copyright.PENANAcOtPY68e0o
佢要嘅效果113Please respect copyright.PENANAl504nCOIzU
就係用最低成本113Please respect copyright.PENANAVMTSjyfP5S
令德國喺短時間內113Please respect copyright.PENANAPXztxDyQOs
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地113Please respect copyright.PENANA3Kkpx0cg3y
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽113Please respect copyright.PENANAkM8ckKVv5m
德國作為老三要做嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANABQxZxyIh4O
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力113Please respect copyright.PENANASfyIvDE9r3
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗113Please respect copyright.PENANALPgJKwEwpQ
自己喺歐陸先會安穩113Please respect copyright.PENANArMR5ZIoetQ
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAvDJQsBBNlu
而家就爭咁張賭枱113Please respect copyright.PENANAlCVdWZM8RD
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合113Please respect copyright.PENANAg2VdzHwfc8
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中113Please respect copyright.PENANA426nADdssW
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議113Please respect copyright.PENANAOQRaGZnRmx
有越演越烈嘅趨勢113Please respect copyright.PENANAjMNyhBgmPV
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙113Please respect copyright.PENANA24hIRxLDlz
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟113Please respect copyright.PENANAfXoBA0TuNI
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議113Please respect copyright.PENANAWqb8NhB5mh
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地113Please respect copyright.PENANAcm84SE3GCb
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)113Please respect copyright.PENANAy34Cv6gkGk
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整113Please respect copyright.PENANADLgjFtGM0D
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點113Please respect copyright.PENANAWfLKLycIdX
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你113Please respect copyright.PENANA0l0uAeoh60
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟113Please respect copyright.PENANAIVCnmtBwHF
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓113Please respect copyright.PENANABdQj7c2yEI
都紛紛嚮應113Please respect copyright.PENANABXdQHs8k0y
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸113Please respect copyright.PENANAKLIJNz4mAU
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家113Please respect copyright.PENANAULiZUaXcM7
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織113Please respect copyright.PENANAJYSYxolNI2
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)113Please respect copyright.PENANAStUdzat9tD
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別113Please respect copyright.PENANAZQWfzSiFSx
嗰時冇飛機113Please respect copyright.PENANAyT5pYoPqG1
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會113Please respect copyright.PENANAwQcdr922SU
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事113Please respect copyright.PENANAoDxX8ZR15H
好似上次柏林會議113Please respect copyright.PENANArXHmjbkgtC
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人113Please respect copyright.PENANAFutYk3uwhg
相反今次嚟開會嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANAZQlX6nYoBG
都係各國駐柏林大使113Please respect copyright.PENANAsJneGjx1ch
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANAnJaYWFlGOi
每當要決定某啲事務時113Please respect copyright.PENANAVJSHvMxgnP
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首113Please respect copyright.PENANAV4leQglz3p
所以個會都拖到幾長吓113Please respect copyright.PENANAHBVaq8NXTB
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假113Please respect copyright.PENANAf3MYEMnpDS
總共開咗104日113Please respect copyright.PENANAkRp7e1fdPC
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結113Please respect copyright.PENANAJMjSDR3Jt8
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)113Please respect copyright.PENANAwkKOoCVT3D
咁從側面反映113Please respect copyright.PENANA7Tu6cuvtMD
喺嗰時對各國嚟講113Please respect copyright.PENANAPXFUTAGOg8
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大113Please respect copyright.PENANAgiQ0IEWnLz
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:113Please respect copyright.PENANAHsrlFuErHT
1)剛果盆地歸屬113Please respect copyright.PENANAkd0zBH7GWt
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權113Please respect copyright.PENANArEo0cbnwob
3)何謂“有效佔據”113Please respect copyright.PENANAz78K3sWPHu
關於第一個問題113Please respect copyright.PENANAgdTXt6keO9
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓113Please respect copyright.PENANAtQTmDGNb1C
我就唔係呢度重覆喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAIrWa6yiViM
簡單重溫吓113Please respect copyright.PENANAMQHkd5n7qE
當時各國已經知道113Please respect copyright.PENANA9GU0VczR7G
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼113Please respect copyright.PENANAeJy3Qm7JIC
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAIWpuhxWUdM
不過基於勢力平衡關係113Please respect copyright.PENANAAjyOpiRMAa
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地113Please respect copyright.PENANA7df7VlpbOX
對各國都有好處113Please respect copyright.PENANAb6sTIb0NuK
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作113Please respect copyright.PENANAu1XQzT5qO9
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫113Please respect copyright.PENANAWuP1ExU2OT
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果113Please respect copyright.PENANASnDHVBbn9r
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸113Please respect copyright.PENANAUVH9cQDMRv
而北岸就歸法國所有113Please respect copyright.PENANABMud8Qqu0c
就係咁113Please respect copyright.PENANADuVj18i89z
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯113Please respect copyright.PENANAf1xP2Al9Yi
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先113Please respect copyright.PENANAY8vYYdqPJa
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議113Please respect copyright.PENANAsriqWz4523
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇113Please respect copyright.PENANACh941cTu10
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議113Please respect copyright.PENANAzrk8OAcwrP
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯113Please respect copyright.PENANAOEOVgK7nH5
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先113Please respect copyright.PENANARRtpN03feZ
唔使咁心急住113Please respect copyright.PENANAbNFMlBd8FX
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAa9sbNJPoqS
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題113Please respect copyright.PENANAaLnn80SoWf
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河113Please respect copyright.PENANAZfhTXs0Vsy
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道113Please respect copyright.PENANA0WpozldVjB
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題113Please respect copyright.PENANAz67nI8iSXo
其實就相對簡單113Please respect copyright.PENANAVKvOEkzcQX
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易113Please respect copyright.PENANAqWEc64GZZu
所以航行自由係必須嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANAzHlYaZRk1z
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地113Please respect copyright.PENANAFCIAPHiCmv
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益113Please respect copyright.PENANANn0GuQYNw4
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯113Please respect copyright.PENANAwTDOiSJ5Aa
得得得你坐番低先113Please respect copyright.PENANA3kAAMoTgn5
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據113Please respect copyright.PENANArVAPDGHUgr
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題113Please respect copyright.PENANAnS6fHyLmZL
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法113Please respect copyright.PENANAvI2xC9czDP
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後113Please respect copyright.PENANA0wC4khFpZZ
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔113Please respect copyright.PENANAtph3gc7vAd
嗰度就歸佢113Please respect copyright.PENANAqgupg7mh5O
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地113Please respect copyright.PENANAhE460z1aNp
對後來者其實相當唔公平113Please respect copyright.PENANAlTcvAVzy3S
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘113Please respect copyright.PENANAtgMIHFeD11
並顯示對當地有實質控制113Please respect copyright.PENANAUCMZpSXHpF
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等113Please respect copyright.PENANA2EA4QiuMJU
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國113Please respect copyright.PENANA5tp5M4WYa3
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增113Please respect copyright.PENANAocHTIfBY7V
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANANoiYkGyYN8
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會113Please respect copyright.PENANA3m0G0yn43C
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國113Please respect copyright.PENANArdrmhOTbEl
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場113Please respect copyright.PENANAqfv9JkQOP1
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上113Please respect copyright.PENANAC6BeIm8FHM
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANALN8kt47iAA
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外113Please respect copyright.PENANAV7z6Veiv7p
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地113Please respect copyright.PENANAhSiNIg136H
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地113Please respect copyright.PENANAC29QknpUDH
都劃晒畀佢113Please respect copyright.PENANA7TeqMn5Cyy
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊113Please respect copyright.PENANA6j3D8WU7xw
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表113Please respect copyright.PENANAaxVxRZ0Quj
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAFbs8lmkB2r
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話113Please respect copyright.PENANAL8zz2fydTI
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦113Please respect copyright.PENANABJrdB1IZiV
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?113Please respect copyright.PENANANtnTAVtD54
唔係㗎嘛113Please respect copyright.PENANAc6Rjmy0Fhx
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制113Please respect copyright.PENANAe0ARzlNYfv
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度113Please respect copyright.PENANAosOoFfVJCP
以剛果河口為例113Please respect copyright.PENANAnPdIyf4NFB
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制113Please respect copyright.PENANAZOztYsEaMv
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件113Please respect copyright.PENANAIBuV1RSq8z
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎113Please respect copyright.PENANAc3yp3I9FEg
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會113Please respect copyright.PENANAZZbgM29JTx
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉113Please respect copyright.PENANALDQLI7z1hn
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議113Please respect copyright.PENANAa2bxmEIVtx
支持佢爭取剛果河口113Please respect copyright.PENANAphvLjxPzQd
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面113Please respect copyright.PENANAbiDBKmomj9
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒113Please respect copyright.PENANAT9BxwhJ1Qq
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話113Please respect copyright.PENANA4JIc4nkZlA
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜113Please respect copyright.PENANAHKZ3b7l6Dy
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”113Please respect copyright.PENANAjtMhF508JY
是為非洲版過三關113Please respect copyright.PENANARCjceCbwWN
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難113Please respect copyright.PENANApJvRL3HI1G
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話113Please respect copyright.PENANA5RaoVR9Nb7
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”113Please respect copyright.PENANA8xm6zTF3FQ
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話113Please respect copyright.PENANAydptzWNvZO
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友113Please respect copyright.PENANA0r1fGcmLg2
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己113Please respect copyright.PENANAKmtY4Rz4Xa
轉向支持國際剛果協會113Please respect copyright.PENANAsbqQrb0JaV
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口113Please respect copyright.PENANABG226QpQUh
獲得完全嘅外交勝利113Please respect copyright.PENANAZW8Hf01voK
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割113Please respect copyright.PENANA7bp1cFy1Dk
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土113Please respect copyright.PENANA9MdFgJAm7L
自始成為一塊飛地113Please respect copyright.PENANA2bOQ5RGL6S往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判113Please respect copyright.PENANANjRKWZMC14
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈113Please respect copyright.PENANAEkYC37c5fu
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAAO6RJjl5U0
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞113Please respect copyright.PENANA3EVnU4jxwZ
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAJoypToFSED
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等113Please respect copyright.PENANAkXvNPVrf2m
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生113Please respect copyright.PENANAyckVX4o8e4
冇錯113Please respect copyright.PENANAtwc9noyLpt
唔只你地113Please respect copyright.PENANAyGbaBG4AyD
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜113Please respect copyright.PENANAgNan6LgtRK
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言113Please respect copyright.PENANAWqhW2503rI
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」113Please respect copyright.PENANAbNYASAxvkX
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地113Please respect copyright.PENANA0Hf2FNhTNO
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割113Please respect copyright.PENANA84RmWC96wA
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益113Please respect copyright.PENANAYeVGWkIqOy
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼113Please respect copyright.PENANA5fBMyD8LB0
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAYMS1Vj9rQn
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANAe5CK550sHW
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界113Please respect copyright.PENANAQztcOkgDWI
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊113Please respect copyright.PENANAiEr1ixeZQ9
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家113Please respect copyright.PENANAsBcyjOp49T
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭113Please respect copyright.PENANAc1MuCzpiSh
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併113Please respect copyright.PENANAwVJqXSSBoU
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動113Please respect copyright.PENANABUDhfExQ9W
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機113Please respect copyright.PENANAatCIqqJPze
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事113Please respect copyright.PENANAdqmhGhJVDi
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講113Please respect copyright.PENANA2tJknBsdbb
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到113Please respect copyright.PENANAmjyW5e1sLx
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割113Please respect copyright.PENANA6GEAdYdcmJ
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇113Please respect copyright.PENANA6DsIV23Neh
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”113Please respect copyright.PENANALGqcqTvQNL
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸113Please respect copyright.PENANAspBSDN9xQy
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”113Please respect copyright.PENANAZ2K1YppxVe
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”113Please respect copyright.PENANA1EUAkd2Bw2
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地113Please respect copyright.PENANAYzbmdyobf9
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區113Please respect copyright.PENANAkTE6qbImNL
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部113Please respect copyright.PENANAimvLlMrJu8
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地113Please respect copyright.PENANAEb4pu9BAxY
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講113Please respect copyright.PENANA6DWMpLjOnP
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先113Please respect copyright.PENANA2yvktJCtTb
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAGp4LeBpwuB
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵113Please respect copyright.PENANAtenhZ7mUqb
不過喺嗰時113Please respect copyright.PENANApYZ5fnmauU
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架113Please respect copyright.PENANAWpT03Er0XS
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕113Please respect copyright.PENANAZxOg6M4bSa
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中113Please respect copyright.PENANApEV5kKQujF
一步步拆解分岐113Please respect copyright.PENANAWi2oPQOdxp
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案113Please respect copyright.PENANAIPc0CpakLB
唔使動輒就要打要殺113Please respect copyright.PENANAZN2gUeEYhu
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸113Please respect copyright.PENANAz1mGbbxP9v
以發展佢嘅經濟113Please respect copyright.PENANAdjB9VUIqXG
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士113Please respect copyright.PENANAbvn8Ae1MpH
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體113Please respect copyright.PENANAB5ZihjwtuR
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅113Please respect copyright.PENANAq2Wi4qHNle
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲113Please respect copyright.PENANAJw9cBRCDZ6
終究有落幕嘅一日113Please respect copyright.PENANANnTEPjXgyv
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時113Please respect copyright.PENANA8Rk8ghn9dJ
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡113Please respect copyright.PENANARpOJhAlQIM
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇113Please respect copyright.PENANAgDGFxUY2zR
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶113Please respect copyright.PENANA8livwiJWqa
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦113Please respect copyright.PENANAWl5bpiTJ9B
1890年3月22號113Please respect copyright.PENANA3uQZ6MylWj
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由113Please respect copyright.PENANAUZ09NCXcB3
迫令佢辭職113Please respect copyright.PENANANDGOaZ3v0V
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台113Please respect copyright.PENANALW4QfBTfqN
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解113Please respect copyright.PENANAN0KiHyZTDG
對列強嚟講113Please respect copyright.PENANAUkMqD166mf
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴113Please respect copyright.PENANAy1auS48Stm
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈113Please respect copyright.PENANA3oO25Gxu1b
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾113Please respect copyright.PENANAkJo7oSO9pY
最終走向大戰⋯⋯113Please respect copyright.PENANA5jbH8blHg6
有時不禁會諗113Please respect copyright.PENANA9HEFpaPdUF
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎113Please respect copyright.PENANAhtjSEypFaJ
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國113Please respect copyright.PENANA01UMWojhZ9
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對113Please respect copyright.PENANA9POufzURFh
歷史會唔會改寫呢?113Please respect copyright.PENANAunT5IrGsmZ
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?113Please respect copyright.PENANACkB7duS2Q9共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?113Please respect copyright.PENANAzlZsnV0SHe
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我113Please respect copyright.PENANAuq7C7N0K6N
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
113Please respect copyright.PENANALfIcpqcFwo
-完-
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