科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–輝瑞疫苗應對武肺變種的能力

隨著時間的推進，武漢肺炎病毒亦變異出不同品種。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkCpXRNNlog
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陸續亦有研究發現，武肺變異品種其躲避疫苗或感染武肺最初版本抗體的能力有所增強。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEMBkAUFKTp
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（圖2）簡略來說，我們身體應對病毒入侵有著兩大招數，抗體及Cytotoxic T cell。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzVZCnHK4LU
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抗體其中之一的功用是能夠阻礙病毒進入人體細胞，使細胞免受病毒感染。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7IUgsFwGmY
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而Cytotoxic T cell其中之一的功用是殺滅已受病毒感染的細胞，情形如同是消防員前往滅火，把已發生的災害清除。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7TiBbTT5QL
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（圖3）有研究拿取注射兩劑瑞輝人士三星期後的血液，發現抗體辨認武漢肺炎病毒(巴西變種)的能力約降低了三倍，但負責製造相應Cytotoxic T cell的能力，其沒有因為變種而有所減低。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp5wwrfW53l
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儘管抗體的辨認能力減弱，但這並非等於疫苗如同是廢了一樣，皆因抗體的數量亦是重要的指標，其數量足夠的話大可彌補辨認能力的缺失。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQPGfjsntJf
打個比喻來說，假設我們有20元在手，就算不小心丟掉了3元，還有17元在手，可足以購買10元的蘋果日報。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNdiUXoUvPf
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再加上疫苗促使的Cytotoxic T cell產生能力並沒有因變種而有所減弱，可見疫苗亦有其充足的防禦作用。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡejHZtWWlDS
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至於輝瑞疫苗應對印度變種的相關研究結果，此研究並沒有作出探討。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP7wiDDH0Zw
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不過最令人費解的是，科興及國藥疫苗的第三期報告仍未在任何學術期刊中見到任何蹤影。1155Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ17pWqy8gae
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Ref1:https://immunology.sciencemag.org/content/6/59/eabj1750

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