科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞逃避NK cell侵襲的一道手段

上集:三十秒科學–Natural Killer Cell590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzjszg0twRK
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上集提及過NK cell有著殺滅癌細胞的本領，如圖中所見，紅色的NK cell遇上綠色的癌細胞後，在1小時打後可以見得到癌細胞開始變形，更在74分鐘打後「灰飛煙滅」。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrLWS2aJmg6
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既然這麼順利，那為何還會有癌症出現呢?590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡySA59gaLao
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(圖2)這是因為癌細胞有著各樣的手段對抗NK cell的襲擊，明哲保身。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTDmqg9Ki2X
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從圖中的例子可以看到，這一次NK cell與癌細胞接觸約36分鐘後，不但沒有襲擊癌細胞，更以那兩名香港警察先鋒對待721的方式逃逸離去，使癌細胞得以安然無恙活下去。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgV25PH50V5
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(圖3)科學家發現，較能對抗NK cell的癌細胞有著一道應付NK cell的本領，它們遇上NK cell後會快速改變自身的蛋白質結構，將歸納名為actin的蛋白質速速調配至與NK cell的接觸點，形成圖中綠色區域的聚集。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi408pKtidg
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這些actin蛋白質的調動，促使抑制NK cell的蛋白質大量且集中聚積到與NK cell的接觸點(上集所指的 – 號組合)，導致NK cell失去殺滅癌細胞的功能，並且與癌細胞作出脫離。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyz44YYr6ju
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而沒能對抗NK cell的癌細胞並沒有出現actin蛋白質的調整，相對上因而較易遭受到NK cell的侵襲。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7jYUqmVnwU
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Ref1:https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/78/19/5631590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPDhyFtelxn

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