白蘑菇上的啡點，大多是由名為P. tolaasii 的細菌引起，學名為Brown Blotch Disease(Ref1)。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3wlT9gccjm
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpJd0tqObZW
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWJaYQviWXE
雖然P. tolaasii 細菌不會使人染病，但普遍大多數消費者也不會購買帶有啡點的蘑菇，只會買下白色乾淨且有彈性的白蘑菇。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLEciuuiVsM
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZp1Oj6lgPc
基於Brown Blotch Disease的傳染性非常之高的關係，當有一顆蘑菇受到感染，其後波及的面積將會非常巨大，讓農夫們蒙受損失。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFLOrfrI0Nx
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyjPhS884TG
而這種細菌同時亦會波及士多啤梨椰菜花等農作物，故此絕對不能忽視。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUz3qpZ48Vp
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ1RfjOOeYa
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIOdddxOKMg
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0GPR22bXaX
（圖2）已知的是，P. tolaasii 細菌會產生名為tolaasins的物質，在白蘑菇表面上產生微孔，導致啡黑色的圓點出現。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcUayO0CldD
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5r6QEx7qhr
（圖3）近日有科學家發表文章（Ref2)，證實另一種類的細菌M. tolaasinivorans /M. lacteus能將環狀結構的tolaasins轉變成直線結構。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1NuIjAmdsv
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaHWCCz4wvs
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG8P8Q0gJIc
而最為重要的是，直線結構的tolaasins再也沒有能力在白蘑菇上產生啡點。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV9KRho0YqQ
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxT7Grld18O
（圖4）他們亦發現，M.tolaasinivorans /M. Lacteus 同時亦能破壞P. tolaasii裡頭一隻名為pseudodesmin物質的部份結構，得以減慢P. tolaasii的生長速度。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwmuxWnPZZN
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRNXadf267B
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzCjGQeOdHV
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCPFeyL01pl
此項發現除了揭示可以利用細菌擊倒細菌此等手法保護農作物的手法外，同時亦指引科學家們可以研究出針對破壞該兩種物質的化學物，作為另一種保護白蘑菇等農作物外觀的手段。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuo3wM0A0fL
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDbQxhxv9NH
「同類」擊倒同類，滲透繼而分化的破壞力，絕對是不容忽視的。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaibnbjJpdh
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFZs9QRL19D
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtGEDRHRnAM
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiw5W7eI2AF
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbwAcXl6m7u
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNyCXSAwMJ7
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDoW43LhAHe
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6E1mJ7xwgJ
Link:1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡePfl08YzwW
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbiSJjDoSs5
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHM6zcPaslZ
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs7wFC9tJ5Z
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxRHfeD3YGD
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuzNYlihVzd
1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZjuFI8qmyX
Ref1:https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/23/5/591/5332401399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg0D9j0oqDr
Ref2:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32868430/1399Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpXxaNEZKax
8964 copyright protection1395ＰＥＮＡＮＡQlzUYQ6zyw 維尼

216.73.216.22