科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–體外培植腸道

口腔所進食的食物，途經各器官後便會來到小腸，絕大部份的營養最終將透過空腸(Jejunum)進入血液循環系統裡頭，再分配予各身體細胞；680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡitATTSoQ61
我們的空腸內壁擁有著絨毛狀的結構(villi)，將大大增加遇上及吸取營養的效率，以達其消化及吸收營養的重任。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3a45IjHp1l
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（圖2）食得是褔，著得是祿。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgLujj1X82G
患有短腸症候群(Short Bowel Syndrome，每年約每一百萬個小童便有三名患者)或其他腸道疾病問題的兒童，因著空腸長度有機會出現過短的狀況，很多時候下並沒能夠吸取足夠營養支撐正常成長。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQFIStjaCwV
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嚴重的情況，便需要進行器官移植。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡearL6Vd1Nm
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只不過，適用的器官並不是話來就來，而且亦有不少個案出現器官排斥問題，引發一連串的併發症。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFUmSe8GvXo
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（圖3）為了紓困現狀，有科學家在近日發表文章（Ref1)，嘗試提出方法解決現時所面對的困局–680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡohPYPb2T2G
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抽取患者的腸道細胞，以體外的方式在實驗室進行培植，製造出新一條的空腸。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf9Np5HErgv
而因著器官是由患者本身的細胞而來，出現排斥的機會亦順然大幅度能夠減低下來。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhuorvhJaae
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這次研究中，他們找來了28名歲數從3個月大至15歲的小童，從某部份的病人體內拿取2mm左右的腸道樣本，在實驗室內培植兩個月左右的時間，得出俱備空腸功能的類器官680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzoxMbw7TFs
(Organoid);680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8xp5LvdcQH
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類器官可看成為半完成物，有著器官的關鍵功能，但外貌及個別特徵始終與完整器官差天共地。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡctAZGNyCBY
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同時間，他們亦拿取病人腸道一小節，把所有的細胞清除得一乾二淨，用作為日後移植用的基座(Scaffold)。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsG3mU7d4rG
之所以要沿用病人的腸道作為基座，原因是病人腸道本質上有著引導類器官繼續發展成型的能力，而這種本質現今科技上還沒能完完全全利用其他物料成功複製出來。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkLmcxprxjW
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他們把類器官培植在基座上一段時間後，再嘗試移植到老鼠身體上，箇中亦證實得到類器官在老鼠體內擁有發展成為腸道的能力。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2M696Daq4L
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將類器官移植回到病人體內這一步，無疑還有一段距離才能實行。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlJSp6CZlpC
但這研究在老鼠身上所得出的成果，至少證實得到這個大方向是有著實際應用上的可行性，並非紙上談兵風花雪月，而是為日後實際套用在病人方面上奠下了一重要的理論基礎。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtzfsQBMUD9
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMZAla4Yup0
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGk5Jxs3GjF
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb8bizajGFw
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Link:680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0AnnvHfNsz
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiQx7EaZIoF
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8VtkaeD4Cc
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1024-z680Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGMjoVD5UwM

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