科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因

癌細胞經常被描繪為極度嗜糖。的而且確，大部份的癌細胞對比同等類型的正常細胞均會攝取更多的糖份。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlRg8U0mgTt
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箇中的原因至少有三:603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK680hP9FtC
1.致癌基因的表達率增加603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuHxC2AfrzD
2.新陳代謝酶素變異603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4llKyXnaP
3.周遭環境缺乏氧氣603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnHui6Udblg
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（圖2）沒有氧氣的話，脂肪及氨基酸並不能轉化成為可供細胞所用的能源。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9tIpGfsoC6
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然而，糖份在擁有氧氣或缺乏氧氣的情況下，均可轉化成為能源。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf9blbAB5Lj
因此，當癌細胞處於缺氧狀態的時候，便會增加對糖份的依賴。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxGyWQIeTFb
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（圖3）正常的細胞有著一套完善的機制控制著其生長速度，而這些機制大多數時候均會在癌細胞發發生的基因變異影響下作廢，促使癌細胞能夠無止境地生長及繁殖。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTgjGlYpnBx
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當一個細胞需要繁殖的時候，細胞膜以及DNA是不可或缺的元件。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡruYSfnzbyb
而在糖份分解的過程中，所涉及的代謝物均能參與細胞膜和DNA的製作。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAV0PYQ2KIE
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亦即是說，癌細胞不斷無止境地生長，導致內部位置沒有足夠氧氣，正好更能觸發更多糖份的攝取，繼續製作繁殖所需的細胞組件。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuADZsBMJH2
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但是，若氧氣沒能抵達癌細胞的話，那又如何能夠獲取營養呢？603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzm7fJDPRz7
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其中的一種渠道，就是從鄰近死去的細胞獲取。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVsI7zpVsJR
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詳見可閱：603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡohyzXGEsF8
三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpyH4dJM5nI
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMIXfbseaiI
https://lih.kg/2378848603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5aIky4rLtw
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正因如此，腫瘤的核心大多是已死去的細胞，而其外部則是不斷繁殖的細胞。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkjM0RthoRC
而經過一段時間的繁殖後，早前的「外部」細胞便成為「核心」，成為鄰近細胞的糧食。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYe8OGtyBxm
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日復如此，腫瘤亦得以無止境助大。603Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡluEiJWSmeW
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