科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因

癌細胞經常被描繪為極度嗜糖。的而且確，大部份的癌細胞對比同等類型的正常細胞均會攝取更多的糖份。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ613YiC9X0l
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箇中的原因至少有三:544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUbgUczSj6z
1.致癌基因的表達率增加544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡauazLu26AF
2.新陳代謝酶素變異544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9wDwewKHgz
3.周遭環境缺乏氧氣544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwuFVy4nFHq
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（圖2）沒有氧氣的話，脂肪及氨基酸並不能轉化成為可供細胞所用的能源。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecNvKE3G63
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然而，糖份在擁有氧氣或缺乏氧氣的情況下，均可轉化成為能源。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNej9xAAUYP
因此，當癌細胞處於缺氧狀態的時候，便會增加對糖份的依賴。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJpIoHuicAy
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（圖3）正常的細胞有著一套完善的機制控制著其生長速度，而這些機制大多數時候均會在癌細胞發發生的基因變異影響下作廢，促使癌細胞能夠無止境地生長及繁殖。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6f7goVRLj6
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當一個細胞需要繁殖的時候，細胞膜以及DNA是不可或缺的元件。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzjYgdiAG6k
而在糖份分解的過程中，所涉及的代謝物均能參與細胞膜和DNA的製作。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3GJohr63Gz
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亦即是說，癌細胞不斷無止境地生長，導致內部位置沒有足夠氧氣，正好更能觸發更多糖份的攝取，繼續製作繁殖所需的細胞組件。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDcjC13Kf9B
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但是，若氧氣沒能抵達癌細胞的話，那又如何能夠獲取營養呢？544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdDpyINClB2
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其中的一種渠道，就是從鄰近死去的細胞獲取。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgEzx2GHd1C
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詳見可閱：544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecL98WgwfN
三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhfFFMtjXGb
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHuslC0onlG
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正因如此，腫瘤的核心大多是已死去的細胞，而其外部則是不斷繁殖的細胞。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmtBxIwSSCx
而經過一段時間的繁殖後，早前的「外部」細胞便成為「核心」，成為鄰近細胞的糧食。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHjTIXA25N0
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日復如此，腫瘤亦得以無止境助大。544Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNGew45lBOg
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