科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–依靠運氣的科研辦法

老鼠一直對科研發展作出了無比的貢獻，科學家利用老鼠探究癌症、各種疾病以及細胞各式各樣的機制。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGbF3Zsfp74
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(圖2)有時候，科學家會利用「漁翁撒網」的方式來試圖解決難題。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPpsJ0nT9Wu
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譬如說，若果科學家想探討老鼠的那一條基因負責控制老鼠耳朵的顏色，其中一種漁翁撒網的手段就會用上化學物質N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) 。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnXp8q5Lcgl
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對老鼠注射ENU的話，其基因突變的機率會高出300倍有多。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwn0m3oD9At
同樣能導致基因突變的X-Ray，效率就只有約100倍有多。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6X3gps1N2j
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(圖3)對男性老鼠注射ENU的話，他每一顆精子均會有出現不同的隨機基因變異。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6MNaZABsF0
換句話說，他的後代也會繼承其相應的基因變異。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1tQNIvEvOy
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我們剛才假設的命題是那一條基因負責控制老鼠耳朵的顏色，若運氣足夠的話，例如小新出現了藍耳朵，那麼科學家們便大可以追查究竟是哪一條基因出現了變異，然後再深入調查箇中的機制。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv5tHj5lNkH
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這方法顯然是完全依靠運氣，幸運的話就可能有驚天大發現，無運的話就是資源、時間、金錢一筆清。這方法顯然亦會牽涉到動物的倫理道德問題。如何妥善不浪費所有受過變異的老鼠，是研究人員需要深思的問題。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnpT0kfnB4L
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2bHmZM6BK4
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGCBoLqoZ5H
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGzVcHPIXbW
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVmiOKXQBLo
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除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account，否則我的IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVsOtfm2Ggs
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Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11567631/940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK8gfl242N0
Ref2:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1197804/940Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMayzqv3iLj

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