科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–REGN武肺人造抗體的中期報告

注射武肺疫苗的主要目的，就是誘導身體產生對抗武肺病毒的抗體。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsCE1kgeyNb
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但身體製造抗體需時，而且免疫系統薄弱的人士亦有可能沒法製造足夠數量的抗體。在這層面上，直接注射人造抗體的話，便能免去這兩道隱憂。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrk6rQwsGQn
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（圖2）從圖中所見，檢測者身體含有武肺抗體的話，身體的病毒數量相對上亦會較少，反之亦然。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWxTpwQwYTw
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可見病毒數量與體內抗體含量有著反比的關係。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8C7ID9Xilt
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（圖3）現今有一推斷，體內武肺病毒數量越多的話，出現重症的機會亦會相繼增加。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd76SpXnPC6
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針對這一點，REGN公司進行臨床測試，為武肺患者注射兩款武肺人造抗體485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ06oMWX6kEF
casirivimab (REGN10933) 和imdevimab (REGN10987)，485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ524pog9qg4
觀察能否透過注射人造抗體來減低體內病毒的數量（Ref1)。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn80rqVhi2i
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(圖4）分別往測試者注射安慰劑（灰線）、2g人造抗體（藍線）和8g人造抗體（綠線）後，可以見得到接受人造抗體注射的人士，其病毒在體內的下降速度比注射安慰劑的來得更快。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7NvUKgVHvT
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（圖5）但若然在注射前已被驗出擁有武肺抗體的話，額外的人造抗體注射並不會導致病毒有顯著的加快下跌(右圖)；這有可能是體內的抗體本身已足夠應付現況。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh81RTHEMnG
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（圖6）值得留意的是，本身病毒數量越多的話，人造抗體所促使的病毒量下跌效果便會越見明顯。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvjxCMWa4Xl
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亦即是代表當體外病毒數量超過某一定數量的時候，體內自身的抗體便會未能足以應付現況，而此時候所注射的人造抗體便會派上用場。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWxFt4B3oWv
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（圖7）人造抗體注射後的第28日，其濃度亦相對非常穩定，能給予注射人士一道保護時間。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGcpYaxHsAV
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人造抗體雖能加快病毒下降的速度，但能否預防重症這一方面並未有充份證據支持。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD3sPIkuCfs
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而當患者已出現嚴重症狀後，注射人造抗體能否緩和或解決症狀亦是相當成疑。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMwz6fLtzuP
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但無論如何，若然想達到在短時間內減低體內病毒的數量，人造抗體相信是其中一道的選擇。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXViq61hVCs
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Ref1:https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2035002485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnRU2NSjw1Q