上集講述了PD1/PDL1在醫治癌細胞免疫治療方面的重要性,接下來我們將會繼續深入探討問題。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAjVRGturpqq
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAqqIbVPm4k2
上集:https://www.penana.com/article/4711251418Please respect copyright.PENANAeXajLVyrBt
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAZMH7N5riDx1418Please respect copyright.PENANAMiiFPpFrYk
1418Please respect copyright.PENANALVEL0KcWhU
(圖1)雖然阻擋PD1/PDL1可以增強T cell辨認癌細胞的能力,但另一個重要的問題是,如何確保有足夠的T cell殺滅癌細胞呢?1418Please respect copyright.PENANAJSUd3Rn5c7
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAoo8Z9xW3YP
就算成功糾正免疫系統細胞懂得把癌細胞辨認為外來之物,但免疫系統細胞數量不足的話,依然是不會達到重大效果的。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAyapXaFM1de
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAP4AJq4G2p8
換句話說,我們需要一道能夠提升針對癌細胞的T cell數量手段。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAh2HZlYWlw0
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAL0DKcTfTia1418Please respect copyright.PENANAHwT7lBytGw
1418Please respect copyright.PENANArchmxiwhX5
(圖2)T cell的產生數量,接近可以說是由Antigen Presenting Cells(APC)來決定;1418Please respect copyright.PENANAuzH2DudmyJ
APC可以睇成為一堆負責把癌細胞獨特Neoantigen帶來T cell面前的細胞。1418Please respect copyright.PENANA8vpP9ZwLvc
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAmdoAzHSTis
忘記甚麼是Neoantigen的話,可重溫上一集。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAjff1snwo61
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAXBm4cicTvn
當APC展示癌細胞的Neoantigen予T cell的receptor後,另一個必需的動作就是T cell表面的CD28與APC表面的B7合併。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAEkLO2F4bJD
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAQgSgSCI6Tp
只要兩者條件達成的話,負責對付對應癌細胞的T cell數量及效力便會大增。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAzx3YT0sFpZ
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAazIrr57VAO1418Please respect copyright.PENANAprNazHkzUK
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAhZ6QnY9pRd
(圖3)然而,當T cell數量產生至一定程度的時候,T cell便會產生出CTLA4。CTLA4會搶奪CD28的位置,與B7合併。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAUDJYqvbmO2
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAARDZDqSZGd
而當CTLA4與B7合併後,T cell所產生的數量及威力就會大減。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAekDYueE5af
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAuuQEPAYTAS
這個CTLA4產生的機制是與生俱來的,目的就是為了避免產生過量的T cell,以免身體會產生不良反應。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAHO6yNllZ0P1418Please respect copyright.PENANAafS34M14St
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAGfPlpeKCT6
(圖4)只不過的是,現時癌細胞大敵當前,燃眉之急就是要調動大量的T cell前往討伐癌細胞。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAnaz9rIs6UE
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAP9ZBXdjgpf
為此,我們重施應對PD1/PDL1故技,利用抗體阻擋CTLA4,確保CD28及B7持續合併,不斷產生效力高強的T cell。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAmDS5GIQx8t1418Please respect copyright.PENANATeUx93fmYV
1418Please respect copyright.PENANA7hzFH2Kfi3
(圖5)簡略的總結來說,為了確保有足夠的T cell消滅癌細胞,我們不惜採用阻擋CTLA4的抗體,號令身體持續產生效力高強的T cell。1418Please respect copyright.PENANA6JWlgbgAIp
而另一邊廂,我們亦同時利用阻擋PD1/PDL1的抗體,確保T cell能夠順利把癌細胞辨認成為外來物,將其制裁。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAAXd3K99Gii
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAnACurkAR2S
這CTLA4抗體及PD1/PDL1抗體的雙管齊下療法,將能大大提升免疫治療的效率。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAF1MOaatYWm
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAFVpKbiOhX5
但是,並不是所有病人也能依靠這方法而得益,原因是T cell沒法能夠順利抵達癌細胞的位置以及滲入癌細胞的內部作有效的消滅。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAk8rRx6jCXk
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAGtBg8iIRVZ
這一方面,我們將會在下一篇免疫治療的最終章再作探討。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAs3TjweuzUC
1418Please respect copyright.PENANApQJSLWGtGC
1418Please respect copyright.PENANA92VN1X82zd
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。1418Please respect copyright.PENANA1OjR1i9BWc
1418Please respect copyright.PENANA6MxD8bYHBF
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1418Please respect copyright.PENANAoInJSuFwTX
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAJ66HrIBnxB
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAOhVl3WIp20
1418Please respect copyright.PENANAdAiewRK6oG
Link:1418Please respect copyright.PENANA2g8SkfwBXo
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1418Please respect copyright.PENANAUGi4Txq7l9
1418Please respect copyright.PENANA0cVvgXvplY
1418Please respect copyright.PENANANph02SIro6
有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1418Please respect copyright.PENANAwBBI09P4zB
arrow_back
科普專欄–薯不揀單
more_vert
-
info_outline 資料
-
toc 目錄
-
share 分享
-
format_color_text 介面設置
-
exposure_plus_1 推薦
-
打賞
-
report_problem 檢舉
-
account_circle 登入
X
科普專欄–薯不揀單
作者:
薯仔聞茱莉

篇 #31
深入淺出–以免疫治療(Immunotherapy)手段醫治癌細胞(二)
喜歡 2
閱讀 1414
書籤 150
campaign
催更 0
打賞

按此加載下一章
X
每次催更後,作者都會收到通知!
smartphone100 → 催更
×
寫下你喜歡這個故事的地方
×
對此喜歡的人