上集講述了PD1/PDL1在醫治癌細胞免疫治療方面的重要性,接下來我們將會繼續深入探討問題。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAqk5HIAXuW0
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA0PVh3JWqun
上集:https://www.penana.com/article/4711251413Please respect copyright.PENANAznMtMJBvSH
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA0Yyus8BttR1413Please respect copyright.PENANAh3SLe9JRtv
1413Please respect copyright.PENANALnxu1DsxzV
(圖1)雖然阻擋PD1/PDL1可以增強T cell辨認癌細胞的能力,但另一個重要的問題是,如何確保有足夠的T cell殺滅癌細胞呢?1413Please respect copyright.PENANAG8CuUooBnQ
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA9hvI7ocjWF
就算成功糾正免疫系統細胞懂得把癌細胞辨認為外來之物,但免疫系統細胞數量不足的話,依然是不會達到重大效果的。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAfYJijROsDW
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAX13b3RnnLk
換句話說,我們需要一道能夠提升針對癌細胞的T cell數量手段。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAxzuV0ZHoZi
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAFFUc8sAh7j1413Please respect copyright.PENANAxzMzIJdTBK
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAIYi9c6aVkn
(圖2)T cell的產生數量,接近可以說是由Antigen Presenting Cells(APC)來決定;1413Please respect copyright.PENANAHtKsUTISp9
APC可以睇成為一堆負責把癌細胞獨特Neoantigen帶來T cell面前的細胞。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAiWiZJ4yRe4
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAYRbqmEDWPg
忘記甚麼是Neoantigen的話,可重溫上一集。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAvJOY4b4FkE
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAyb3PYD3RA6
當APC展示癌細胞的Neoantigen予T cell的receptor後,另一個必需的動作就是T cell表面的CD28與APC表面的B7合併。1413Please respect copyright.PENANA0IRQZ6OIVP
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAB4gxX2ClGj
只要兩者條件達成的話,負責對付對應癌細胞的T cell數量及效力便會大增。1413Please respect copyright.PENANA7kF1OuT1sS
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAqI00poP2oq1413Please respect copyright.PENANA10AnXy1e8S
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA8ksQD0nlNN
(圖3)然而,當T cell數量產生至一定程度的時候,T cell便會產生出CTLA4。CTLA4會搶奪CD28的位置,與B7合併。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAeNDJ7FCKZX
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAsNk9TphcAG
而當CTLA4與B7合併後,T cell所產生的數量及威力就會大減。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAC0NBlkcwCK
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAtPJBIn51bf
這個CTLA4產生的機制是與生俱來的,目的就是為了避免產生過量的T cell,以免身體會產生不良反應。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAEF7Fq6i9vd1413Please respect copyright.PENANA7l9K8LUA6G
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAgp47ygIbg4
(圖4)只不過的是,現時癌細胞大敵當前,燃眉之急就是要調動大量的T cell前往討伐癌細胞。1413Please respect copyright.PENANASceDN3enVj
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAYvQ1RtBYE4
為此,我們重施應對PD1/PDL1故技,利用抗體阻擋CTLA4,確保CD28及B7持續合併,不斷產生效力高強的T cell。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAx27P8xtlc71413Please respect copyright.PENANAxkkUtHBHQB
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAqTN2GmVZTw
(圖5)簡略的總結來說,為了確保有足夠的T cell消滅癌細胞,我們不惜採用阻擋CTLA4的抗體,號令身體持續產生效力高強的T cell。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAaLv79MQtyX
而另一邊廂,我們亦同時利用阻擋PD1/PDL1的抗體,確保T cell能夠順利把癌細胞辨認成為外來物,將其制裁。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAffAPy07kmH
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAQofTVjYRax
這CTLA4抗體及PD1/PDL1抗體的雙管齊下療法,將能大大提升免疫治療的效率。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAFfqmAHGNCi
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAgQKo1AvoVO
但是,並不是所有病人也能依靠這方法而得益,原因是T cell沒法能夠順利抵達癌細胞的位置以及滲入癌細胞的內部作有效的消滅。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAuASoIa1Al7
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAX9oQqauJGG
這一方面,我們將會在下一篇免疫治療的最終章再作探討。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAtDzwh7jAil
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA0mDhYL5AIT
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAfcn4OA2wNN
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。1413Please respect copyright.PENANABGegGclQfN
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAuLK3zRT8wd
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1413Please respect copyright.PENANAHxSjFkgY1e
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA53ABGDUcUd
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。1413Please respect copyright.PENANAUYLfEIFAoW
1413Please respect copyright.PENANA64cBbreems
Link:1413Please respect copyright.PENANA9qszU8evZn
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1413Please respect copyright.PENANAyNobmLVIRT
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAyChK7uIMS3
1413Please respect copyright.PENANAQBZzQxXn9O
有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1413Please respect copyright.PENANABy0YMoxRti
arrow_back
科普專欄–薯不揀單
more_vert
-
info_outline 資料
-
toc 目錄
-
share 分享
-
format_color_text 介面設置
-
exposure_plus_1 推薦
-
打賞
-
report_problem 檢舉
-
account_circle 登入
X
科普專欄–薯不揀單
作者:
薯仔聞茱莉

篇 #31
深入淺出–以免疫治療(Immunotherapy)手段醫治癌細胞(二)
喜歡 2
閱讀 1409
書籤 150
campaign
催更 0
打賞

按此加載下一章
X
每次催更後,作者都會收到通知!
smartphone100 → 催更
×
寫下你喜歡這個故事的地方
×
對此喜歡的人