過度開採環境,最終受害的只會是人類自己。878Please respect copyright.PENANAOi82dH4S5O
878Please respect copyright.PENANAUjH6DQpGGK
(圖1)19世紀,日本三井金屬礦業的神岡礦山過度開採,排出的重金屬累積在泥土裡頭,導致河旁的稻田穀物受到鎘(Cadmium)重金屬污染。878Please respect copyright.PENANAa1QAVH0tJK878Please respect copyright.PENANAbfIMtrn7lo
878Please respect copyright.PENANA8zCmnvPNcL
不知情的居民長期服用鎘污染的稻米,骨骼逐漸變得鬆脆,腎臟亦受到嚴重傷害。878Please respect copyright.PENANAE8iAfNZhON
最終日本醫生成功證實得到病因來自攝取過量的重金屬鎘,並把患者經常呻痛的病徵命名為痛痛病(Itai-itai disease)。878Please respect copyright.PENANAsAIDx2Qqn5
878Please respect copyright.PENANAC4jUzvVZ0r
而稻米的鎘含度自此受到重視,世衛WHO更將大麥的鎘上限設為0.1mg kg−1,亦即是每一公斤大麥只可有一微克鎘。878Please respect copyright.PENANA8ANbLWgktH
878Please respect copyright.PENANAlN8jo8xg7W
878Please respect copyright.PENANAzaIfpans3L
(圖2)一直以來,科學家已找出不少穀物吸取或代謝重金屬的基因,把穀物改造,盡量減低重金屬累積在穀物的程度。878Please respect copyright.PENANAT3S2I15qzd878Please respect copyright.PENANA5djcBMq9n2
878Please respect copyright.PENANAZCqQuWZLcO
近日有科學家比較世界100款大麥的鎘數量(Ref1),發現日本一款Haruna Nijo大麥的鎘含量最高(0.04mg kg−1),而阿富汗BCS318大麥款式則為最低(0.01mg kg−1)。878Please respect copyright.PENANA6KMAzCigok
878Please respect copyright.PENANAioP8mDxBNJ
(圖3)一輪比較過後,科學家證實阿富汗大麥的HvHMA3蛋白質數量比較多,為大麥減少吸收泥土鎘金屬的主因。878Please respect copyright.PENANAYI2cDL1cfv878Please respect copyright.PENANAavUim797VK
878Please respect copyright.PENANAExb0ffEfhu
最後證實,歸根原因是一段特定的基因安插在HvHMA3蛋白質基因的前頭,催促HvHMA3蛋白質的產生。878Please respect copyright.PENANAqKsNvfFF2J
878Please respect copyright.PENANAHu8f2dVGKC
科學家後來再找尋另外334款大麥,發覺有54種同樣被安插在同樣位置,而那54款品種又的確是含有較少的鎘金屬數量。878Please respect copyright.PENANAR6KxVSzbXE
878Please respect copyright.PENANA2Yhpivf7JY
878Please respect copyright.PENANAw6Tt1qq4Mk
最後,科學家把那段基因插在日本Haruna Nijo大麥的適當位置上,同樣亦能將鎘金屬數量減至與阿富汗品種相同,而產量及其他各種礦物質的含量並沒有任何的大改變。878Please respect copyright.PENANAvP89qrNCyq
878Please respect copyright.PENANAtFOzk5JKWe
此基因的排序及位置已公開在資料庫上,好讓各種基因學家或相關人士可作參考盡量減低日後穀物的鎘金屬數量。878Please respect copyright.PENANAKIFs5etcWf
878Please respect copyright.PENANAM37xQqpr9Z
878Please respect copyright.PENANAnOXWLRp12a
878Please respect copyright.PENANARgZfW8YU6G
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。878Please respect copyright.PENANAr8GRCJpEwi
878Please respect copyright.PENANAgyFGflUrXW
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc878Please respect copyright.PENANAaZKMxVIlOL
878Please respect copyright.PENANAhslIxhluDQ
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。878Please respect copyright.PENANASkEvrlXIEE
878Please respect copyright.PENANA9jbIYKECBp
Link:878Please respect copyright.PENANAbaW4T2YE7O
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio878Please respect copyright.PENANAX1oRuX2fXM
878Please respect copyright.PENANAA6z7sfFmnN
878Please respect copyright.PENANADNb7IQVRYD
有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。878Please respect copyright.PENANAgB5BSb8gmh
878Please respect copyright.PENANAUZqdOQmFXZ
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-020-0130-x878Please respect copyright.PENANA6RTbG3IyvA
arrow_back
科普專欄–薯不揀單
more_vert
-
info_outline 資料
-
toc 目錄
-
share 分享
-
format_color_text 介面設置
-
exposure_plus_1 推薦
-
打賞
-
report_problem 檢舉
-
account_circle 登入
X
科普專欄–薯不揀單
作者:
薯仔聞茱莉

篇 #32
深入淺出–大麥的重金屬鎘含量(Cadmium)
喜歡 0
閱讀 874
書籤 150
campaign
催更 0
打賞

按此加載下一章
X
每次催更後,作者都會收到通知!
smartphone100 → 催更
×
寫下你喜歡這個故事的地方
×
對此喜歡的人