科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–又食又拎的採花賊

不少花朵均依靠著各昆蟲的前來，使花粉黏貼在牠們的身體，從而往外繁殖。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv78PcVDjZC
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吸引昆蟲前來的技倆可謂千變萬化，囑目的顏色視覺效果、散發香氣或荷爾蒙吸引昆蟲，以及佈下蜜汁等等。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs13TOaTs9I
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這次將提及的技倆，就是花朵提供可讓昆蟲吃下肚的粉末。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Q2ppajvA1
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(圖2)這是中國本土蘭花的其中一品種，名為寬口杓蘭 (Cypripedium wardii)。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAEoyCx0B9n
它既不會發出香氣，亦不會排出蜜汁給予蔡SIR，但它依舊有不少採花賊前來拜訪。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcfE83qzXfb
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採花賊名單包括休班蜜蜂、食蚜蠅，甚至連蜘蛛也有份參與，究竟它有甚麼魅力呢?523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGdvtT8Z8EL
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難道牠能幫忙按摩，又或者能釋除昆蟲的腰痛?523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRrch3ptruI
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(圖3)經科學家發現，原來這種蘭花(黑色箭嘴所指位置)佈滿類近粉末的物質，脂肪含量極高，而碳水化合物及蛋白質含量則非常之低。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWCgDajqYtp
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這些脂肪粉末且能在各採花昆蟲中的腸道中可找得到，證實牠們確實會吃掉這些粉末。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFNpemIiWGF
而當以人為的方式抹去這些粉末的話，某部份的昆蟲亦沒有到訪該蘭花，可見脂肪粉末確是吸引昆蟲前來幫忙散播花粉的一大誘因。523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5q5vWuCMln
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Ref1:https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/04/12/2021.04.11.439382.full.pdf?%3Fcollection=523Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4FE33OExVj

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