科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–雪亮的眼睛

我們身體的各部份均是由細胞組成，眼睛晶片也自當然不例外。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlpDuzOHxUw
但細胞裡頭有著各式各樣的細胞器官，例如負責製造能源的粒線體(mitochondria)、收藏DNA的細胞核(nucleus)等，它們顯然並不是透明的。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7RS3aD1oLb
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究竟身體有甚麼方法可以製造透明且能讓光線通過的眼鏡晶片呢?788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOFRqYq1HGu
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(圖2)答案很簡單，就是把那些細胞器官通通摧毀。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0NALUpvyoD
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從圖中可見，晶片的外圍有著表皮細胞(Epithelial cells)以及纖維細胞(Fibre cells)，唯獨是中間區域的細胞，它們的細胞器官均接近得消失得一乾二淨。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQUfyzTkUJA
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(圖3)有科學家利用班馬魚作動物模型，並將兩款細胞器官分別染成綠色及紅色。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡasU8dN0IUR
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從圖中可見，直至班馬魚受精後約59小時左右，綠色及紅色均分別清晰可見及有著其獨特的分佈，表示兩款細胞器官非常健在。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFgA6piTGfE
但在約60小時打後，紅色和綠色開始有著衰退的現象，亦即表示細胞器官開始逐漸被受摧毀。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMQXZNuMwGf
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(圖4)找出眼睛晶片的細胞器官被受摧毀的時段後，研究人員便著手進行一系列的實驗，788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhobfKtEjZU
並發現名為plaat的蛋白質負責在細胞器官的外膜進行破壞，因而引發細胞器官摧毀的過程。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJzhNTutEmc
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圖中為班馬魚的眼睛晶片，可見因為缺乏plaat蛋白質的緣故，細胞器官沒能完整摧毀，其晶片亦變得相對上混濁及不透光，影像亦較為不清晰。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgQtb8q8KOE
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(圖5)除班馬魚外，研究人員亦有利用老鼠進行實驗。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIx6n9sql60
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跟班馬魚一樣，缺乏plaat蛋白質的老鼠眼睛晶片變得混濁及不透光，並影響視線。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMlZndcQrcf
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZXeGOAd13J
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03439-w788Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB7piaGbAtW

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