科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌症所導致的體重流失(3)

癌細胞從原位轉移到另一器官，亦即是Metastasis，是癌病患者主要的死因。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡylyxrK8frp
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「有趣的是」，癌細胞雖近乎不會轉移到肌肉位置裡頭，但卻能從遠處釋放物質，經由血管抵達肌肉位置，催使肌肉萎縮，亦即是癌症惡病質(cancer cachexia)。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAowQqYhqiP
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(圖2)肌肉萎縮不但之令病人變得虛弱，難以接近正常劑量的化療，更為致命的是，當心臟肌肉及橫隔膜肌肉亦遭受到萎縮的時候，病人便會因呼吸困難等問題而逝死。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS4LzidUPj1
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早在1858年已有科學家指出cancer cachexia的存在，但至今2021年仍是沒有FDA認可藥物治療cancer cachexia。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2dZn2eQjJS
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(圖3)現時有不少臨床研究希望可以制衡cancer cachexia，普遍均是從營養方面入手。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcyjKDVPRKW
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但結果大多數是只能夠增加病人的脂肪組織，而沒能夠填補已萎縮的肌肉。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzFHVbVb6p0
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有一點值得注意的是，肌肉細胞並非是死去，純粹是其分解蛋白質的進程比生產蛋白質的進程來得更快，因而形成萎縮。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWEKyhOI93P
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(圖4)從研究Cancer cachexia的老鼠模型中可以看到，患癌的老鼠不但更為細小，其手腕的握力度亦有所下降。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg4cCsZECtk
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觀察肌肉細胞橫切面的面積時，亦可以看到肌肉細胞的面積明顯有所縮細。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ9N8uaoAbE
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下集將會講解Cancer cachexia的老鼠模型所得出的其中一道結果。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm3IYpRK0us
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyLqwriVpyp
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Ref1:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6015555/442Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdBgsAflxg6

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