癌細胞從原位轉移到另一器官，亦即是Metastasis，是癌病患者主要的死因。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6AhCSVLIX
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「有趣的是」，癌細胞雖近乎不會轉移到肌肉位置裡頭，但卻能從遠處釋放物質，經由血管抵達肌肉位置，催使肌肉萎縮，亦即是癌症惡病質(cancer cachexia)。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9qumKFvy56
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(圖2)肌肉萎縮不但之令病人變得虛弱，難以接近正常劑量的化療，更為致命的是，當心臟肌肉及橫隔膜肌肉亦遭受到萎縮的時候，病人便會因呼吸困難等問題而逝死。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPUiBa6gCoi
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早在1858年已有科學家指出cancer cachexia的存在，但至今2021年仍是沒有FDA認可藥物治療cancer cachexia。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6f6kVhLqdp
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(圖3)現時有不少臨床研究希望可以制衡cancer cachexia，普遍均是從營養方面入手。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡORnVbbToNW
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但結果大多數是只能夠增加病人的脂肪組織，而沒能夠填補已萎縮的肌肉。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ23wTxUVenC
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有一點值得注意的是，肌肉細胞並非是死去，純粹是其分解蛋白質的進程比生產蛋白質的進程來得更快，因而形成萎縮。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcOmBSQ9xCI
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(圖4)從研究Cancer cachexia的老鼠模型中可以看到，患癌的老鼠不但更為細小，其手腕的握力度亦有所下降。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRtiDvI14JY
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觀察肌肉細胞橫切面的面積時，亦可以看到肌肉細胞的面積明顯有所縮細。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpnKsdmAMIf
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下集將會講解Cancer cachexia的老鼠模型所得出的其中一道結果。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMFxXP3n07m
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBe46xCymo0
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Ref1:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6015555/717Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxuv28WiwzZ
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