科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–何解糖尿病會引致白內障？

白內障是糖尿病引發出的一種常見徵狀，而箇中的因由，事實上是與我們日常生活息息相關的。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmqzoSIcIGt
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl2dDiOUNam
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbC0hCQL7MO
（圖2）我們眼睛的Lens部位之所以呈透明，主要是因為裡頭一種名為Crystallin的蛋白質所致。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPPsZWP56B7
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXOE3E9CuWD
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWFqbtLrJwd
氨基酸組合成一起的話，我們會稱之為蛋白質。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5VPEz8SoLm
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnmuq1D1wuG
而糖尿病所引起的白內障，就是糖份與Crystallin蛋白質的氨基酸產生反應，形成淡黃色的物質所致。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoWSv6Mjwg0
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbor1v4w7pL
（圖3）氨基酸與某類別的糖份在高溫處理下，便會產生啡色物質及帶有香味等等的化學物，這個過程又稱之為梅納反應 (Maillard reaction);660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqtDiaTUiVh
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOhQ91HV65t
雖然梅納本人發佈梅納反應結果的時候，隻字沒有提及過會在食物上產生。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBQFrwZ9v3Z
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr56v0Z6Glq
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyyV2l4hZPU
而糖尿病白內障的形成，原理跟梅納反應非常接近，同樣是血糖與Crystallin氨基酸產生啡黃色物質所致。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWHLIGtV6Y
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvsF2n8YdDg
不同的是，白內障整個過程是長期在37度裡頭發生，而我們日常煮食/焗麵包/燒烤的溫度大多情況下會比37度為高，故此眼睛產生啡黃色物質的速度亦比較緩慢。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOvrgBlwZMt
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRW6aTKmDWJ
有科學家亦曾嘗試將牛及人類的眼睛晶片放在陰暗位置的糖水裡10個月，其分離出的淡黃色物質，跟患有白內障的眼睛晶片所分離出的是一模一樣。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaWefcBrOwr
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBJafpWEDYD
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaFfS2sGhCB
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZaLFWCftpk
蛋白質產生出來後，細胞會有機制會將其毀滅，然後再產生新的蛋白質;660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvD29MDNn9d
尤其是蛋白質出現不正常的改變或損毀的時候，這過程尤為重要。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4cVCZsqzh
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBGIQ06OBHo
而眼睛晶片的Crystallin蛋白質，因為天生屬於「毀滅然後再生」極為緩慢的一群，因此就算遭受到糖份改造，細胞亦沒能作出處理及更正。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLQAJNaah4C
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4GapNkVqP3
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnUVaflsOkN
除眼睛晶片外，紅血球亦是遭受糖份梅納反應影響的一群。因此很多時候，某類別被糖份改造的紅血球含量會成為探測糖尿病的指標。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjV2vvgoRWz
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCHaibNbKMh
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzdMUNhfmbX
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXx8hwGuz1j
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpyelkYfbr5
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcoarUbsqAf
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgw02kH0ufn
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBfdr1F9HL3
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSCiOMp6ejK
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfhevDoMEH9
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyRyg6HehDK
Link:660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5WLY9UIx4k
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMiXWjdBD5S
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHQQcbbdk5a
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAEyY3lIprw
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account，否則我的IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTZA57g80Vc
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡynFzwDl9V7
Ref1:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/anie.201308808660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7bThYInDwS
Ref2:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/211/4481/491/tab-pdf660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJM1C7CIDY0

ns216.73.216.217da2

Reading Theme:

Font Size:

Line Spacing:

Paragraph Spacing:

Load the next issue automatically