科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–長頸鹿的奧袐

長頸鹿是陸上最高的生物，其身體構造亦因此有著與眾不同的地方。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb3xNuT9N4R
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（圖2）以血液循環系統方面來說，牠的心臟必須要抵受比其他動物更高的壓力才能把血液輸送到腦部裡頭。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn0ei8jPmHB
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同時間，牠亦必須配備完善的機制來調節仰頭吃葉或低頭飲水所帶來的急劇血壓轉變。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ33pgAlHtAo
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若然調節失衡的話，很大機會對其他器官構成威脅及傷害。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO2PXe7WxvY
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（圖3）研究發現，長頸鹿的FGFRL1基因出現7道沒能在其他動物(包括人類)尋覓得到的變異。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJsyXQinrUn
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有科學家把老鼠的FGFRL1基因轉換成長頸鹿的版本，並為老鼠們注射會引致高血壓的藥物。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPqxWqY7CPA
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正常老鼠的上下壓在藥物影響下錄得了顯著上升，但擁有長頸鹿版本的老鼠其上下壓並沒有出現顯著的上升。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXql7Fj7jv4
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（圖4）最為神奇的是，正常老鼠在藥物的影響下所出現的心肌纖維化徵狀，並沒有出現在長頸鹿版本的老鼠身上。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv3TgagsZTW
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科學家正在嘗試拆解長頸鹿FGFRL1基因版本對心臟等方面所影響的機制，若果能透徹亦剖析整套機制，或許可用作建構抵禦高血壓或其他心臟問題的藥物。433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLEFCJGQYe4
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Ref1:https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/12/eabe9459433Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV1tSXYJtfU

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