科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因

癌細胞經常被描繪為極度嗜糖。的而且確，大部份的癌細胞對比同等類型的正常細胞均會攝取更多的糖份。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKQGw0igWZw
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箇中的原因至少有三:537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmpV1Pe35t5
1.致癌基因的表達率增加537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGuvRGLE2G9
2.新陳代謝酶素變異537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpwHfNpWKeA
3.周遭環境缺乏氧氣537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNxIx8rLnQW
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（圖2）沒有氧氣的話，脂肪及氨基酸並不能轉化成為可供細胞所用的能源。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQjtzYC9IHi
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然而，糖份在擁有氧氣或缺乏氧氣的情況下，均可轉化成為能源。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtJlSp39hWN
因此，當癌細胞處於缺氧狀態的時候，便會增加對糖份的依賴。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxp1N0zo3Y
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（圖3）正常的細胞有著一套完善的機制控制著其生長速度，而這些機制大多數時候均會在癌細胞發發生的基因變異影響下作廢，促使癌細胞能夠無止境地生長及繁殖。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKSoo60QXtL
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當一個細胞需要繁殖的時候，細胞膜以及DNA是不可或缺的元件。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡomyHXg1Qra
而在糖份分解的過程中，所涉及的代謝物均能參與細胞膜和DNA的製作。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM5LyiYQhU6
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亦即是說，癌細胞不斷無止境地生長，導致內部位置沒有足夠氧氣，正好更能觸發更多糖份的攝取，繼續製作繁殖所需的細胞組件。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf1unduvBgk
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但是，若氧氣沒能抵達癌細胞的話，那又如何能夠獲取營養呢？537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwykpHGPtJs
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其中的一種渠道，就是從鄰近死去的細胞獲取。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7TQGsQ0pug
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詳見可閱：537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg7NTe0E33m
三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9vewzcvuiT
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMqOthOC5yo
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正因如此，腫瘤的核心大多是已死去的細胞，而其外部則是不斷繁殖的細胞。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡupqi8bUWtN
而經過一段時間的繁殖後，早前的「外部」細胞便成為「核心」，成為鄰近細胞的糧食。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlOG9p1eVHu
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日復如此，腫瘤亦得以無止境助大。537Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVMJtXSOlVp
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