科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因

癌細胞經常被描繪為極度嗜糖。的而且確，大部份的癌細胞對比同等類型的正常細胞均會攝取更多的糖份。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXb6kqmLWO0
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箇中的原因至少有三:582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPN7038j7pe
1.致癌基因的表達率增加582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWQixylnI46
2.新陳代謝酶素變異582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqePfkn5t7W
3.周遭環境缺乏氧氣582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Pw8jRcN2M
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（圖2）沒有氧氣的話，脂肪及氨基酸並不能轉化成為可供細胞所用的能源。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjwP45OQMx1
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然而，糖份在擁有氧氣或缺乏氧氣的情況下，均可轉化成為能源。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLqo5gcsMGO
因此，當癌細胞處於缺氧狀態的時候，便會增加對糖份的依賴。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS36YeYzdsA
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（圖3）正常的細胞有著一套完善的機制控制著其生長速度，而這些機制大多數時候均會在癌細胞發發生的基因變異影響下作廢，促使癌細胞能夠無止境地生長及繁殖。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYmN8B14BYE
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當一個細胞需要繁殖的時候，細胞膜以及DNA是不可或缺的元件。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAjrLbfI8Js
而在糖份分解的過程中，所涉及的代謝物均能參與細胞膜和DNA的製作。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpNqydC4xv4
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亦即是說，癌細胞不斷無止境地生長，導致內部位置沒有足夠氧氣，正好更能觸發更多糖份的攝取，繼續製作繁殖所需的細胞組件。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKE16VMI4p4
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但是，若氧氣沒能抵達癌細胞的話，那又如何能夠獲取營養呢？582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡERyJ8KywQ9
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其中的一種渠道，就是從鄰近死去的細胞獲取。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoeuk3ZDBK6
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詳見可閱：582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHYIAz86Bst
三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK6MtmLOLmB
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡysbqLvt71t
https://lih.kg/2378848582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbDjG9yK4er
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正因如此，腫瘤的核心大多是已死去的細胞，而其外部則是不斷繁殖的細胞。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCOnm93fFLk
而經過一段時間的繁殖後，早前的「外部」細胞便成為「核心」，成為鄰近細胞的糧食。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiH5uKlsZLl
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日復如此，腫瘤亦得以無止境助大。582Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdzYiIDkgrv
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