科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因

癌細胞經常被描繪為極度嗜糖。的而且確，大部份的癌細胞對比同等類型的正常細胞均會攝取更多的糖份。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgZjSR7YYPd
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箇中的原因至少有三:559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9kcCeTC6aF
1.致癌基因的表達率增加559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhLKVbD5RWv
2.新陳代謝酶素變異559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmU8t0Ycwdz
3.周遭環境缺乏氧氣559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUAxnxkhbtt
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（圖2）沒有氧氣的話，脂肪及氨基酸並不能轉化成為可供細胞所用的能源。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGQTUuoGZKE
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然而，糖份在擁有氧氣或缺乏氧氣的情況下，均可轉化成為能源。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcDx5HKWo4p
因此，當癌細胞處於缺氧狀態的時候，便會增加對糖份的依賴。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDdzkwJ3lz2
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（圖3）正常的細胞有著一套完善的機制控制著其生長速度，而這些機制大多數時候均會在癌細胞發發生的基因變異影響下作廢，促使癌細胞能夠無止境地生長及繁殖。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡujtIzWbW70
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當一個細胞需要繁殖的時候，細胞膜以及DNA是不可或缺的元件。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpe22tsCaqy
而在糖份分解的過程中，所涉及的代謝物均能參與細胞膜和DNA的製作。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC46SF77jq7
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亦即是說，癌細胞不斷無止境地生長，導致內部位置沒有足夠氧氣，正好更能觸發更多糖份的攝取，繼續製作繁殖所需的細胞組件。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZjUByNtxnx
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但是，若氧氣沒能抵達癌細胞的話，那又如何能夠獲取營養呢？559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWGuDRZo7RE
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其中的一種渠道，就是從鄰近死去的細胞獲取。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvtC93YKNDf
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詳見可閱：559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9O5P6ijDkU
三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsfyttvcNlN
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjSqpBYtBhm
https://lih.kg/2378848559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlwO9cDmDgt
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正因如此，腫瘤的核心大多是已死去的細胞，而其外部則是不斷繁殖的細胞。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡchpkUwUw8e
而經過一段時間的繁殖後，早前的「外部」細胞便成為「核心」，成為鄰近細胞的糧食。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKxZ04rtFHi
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日復如此，腫瘤亦得以無止境助大。559Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeoaej9WAfL
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