科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因

癌細胞經常被描繪為極度嗜糖。的而且確，大部份的癌細胞對比同等類型的正常細胞均會攝取更多的糖份。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡygVIQ5ggs7
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箇中的原因至少有三:585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTj0MrAqPrK
1.致癌基因的表達率增加585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1NfE8hLk1r
2.新陳代謝酶素變異585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡemK0z19UZT
3.周遭環境缺乏氧氣585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6tswkt3ZrQ
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（圖2）沒有氧氣的話，脂肪及氨基酸並不能轉化成為可供細胞所用的能源。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUlGwRxsV5e
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然而，糖份在擁有氧氣或缺乏氧氣的情況下，均可轉化成為能源。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5gZ8Lmnnk7
因此，當癌細胞處於缺氧狀態的時候，便會增加對糖份的依賴。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiQKb69fXro
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（圖3）正常的細胞有著一套完善的機制控制著其生長速度，而這些機制大多數時候均會在癌細胞發發生的基因變異影響下作廢，促使癌細胞能夠無止境地生長及繁殖。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMVbxWcXlSw
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當一個細胞需要繁殖的時候，細胞膜以及DNA是不可或缺的元件。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDaU67vNEAP
而在糖份分解的過程中，所涉及的代謝物均能參與細胞膜和DNA的製作。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡntcZAZVqpT
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亦即是說，癌細胞不斷無止境地生長，導致內部位置沒有足夠氧氣，正好更能觸發更多糖份的攝取，繼續製作繁殖所需的細胞組件。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKFQnmQDCKj
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但是，若氧氣沒能抵達癌細胞的話，那又如何能夠獲取營養呢？585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF45lNBp9mL
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其中的一種渠道，就是從鄰近死去的細胞獲取。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXntF1aPsX7
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詳見可閱：585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdHahclbGq6
三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkHyEafkLiF
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeGeAHpZM9c
https://lih.kg/2378848585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2pme2bqYSp
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正因如此，腫瘤的核心大多是已死去的細胞，而其外部則是不斷繁殖的細胞。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq5zIAOaPNQ
而經過一段時間的繁殖後，早前的「外部」細胞便成為「核心」，成為鄰近細胞的糧食。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUyleAhkoLI
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日復如此，腫瘤亦得以無止境助大。585Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQEnpbNWGXo
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