科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–化療的由來

戰爭造成無數的傷亡，絕對需要盡力制止發生。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcwgN20L2HF
但非常諷刺的是，化療的堀起，是與第二次世界大戰有著緊密的關係。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoI3mIdIh6l
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（圖2）1942年，Louis Goodman以及Alfred Gilman被美國國防部徵召，希望二人及其團隊研究戰爭上的化學武器會否含有未知的醫療價值。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcRxBDgdTzI
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其中他們發現得到，中了氮芥氣體(Nitrogen Mustard)的士兵，身體的淋巴系統及骨髓有著明顯的生長抑壓。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnVj5qNaEbG
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（圖3）基於這發現，他們嘗試將士兵身上中毒的相約份量的氮芥類近物注入在患有淋巴癌的老鼠，發現真的是能夠將腫瘤的體積減細。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi5UrUb65u3
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箇中的機制相信是因為氮芥化學物能夠與某部份的DNA結合，引致DNA的結構出現錯亂，促使細胞啟動自行毀壞的程序。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtkh1LT7DhF
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而在患上淋巴癌的病人測試方面，氮芥類近物的確能夠大幅度消滅癌細胞。可惜的是，癌細胞在數星期後再次出現，而氮芥類近物亦再沒能把其消滅。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg4uRNaQhe8
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雖然是次測試沒能徹底消滅癌細胞，但這實驗結果讓公眾意識得到藥物治療癌症的可能性，政府及研究機構亦開始因而願意「開水喉」投放更多的資金在治癌藥物的研究之上。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡePdYZIoY3r
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更正：524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDICLIMyOSF
再睇番原文及另一篇文章，士兵中毒影響骨髓淋巴生長係第一次世界大戰的發現，那兩個人係基於依個發現先進行老鼠實驗。524Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUvXhdM3c4g

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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/nrc1529

ns18.119.192.176da2

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