科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–化療效果參差的其中一道原因

化療殺滅癌細胞的效率非常參差，有些情況更反而會導致癌細胞加速生長，究竟為何會這樣?550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxJFBfwIVpS
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（圖2）使用化療藥物過後，某些癌細胞的確是會歸西死亡。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDTQ4GCbaoC
而細胞死亡的方式有好幾種，其中兩種為Apoptosis及Necrosis。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdEUyUFYuls
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如圖中所見，進行Apoptosis的細胞會呈完整球狀，屍體相對的體積較大。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxhnkftBlUL
而進行Necrosis的細胞則會分成為不規則的碎塊，體積亦較細。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXXDQsJRST5
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（圖3）形象化來說，Apoptosis就是曲奇餅，而Necrosis就是曲奇餅碎。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiCmK6L62hh
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（圖4）癌細胞被化療藥物殺死後，若進行Necrosis，鄰近沒受化療影響的癌細胞便會啟動一道名為Macropinocytosis的機制，將死亡的細胞吞噬，作營養供用使自己繼續成長，抵禦化療藥物所帶來的困境。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyN9KgwWjNv
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但細胞進行Apoptosis的話，因屍體體積過大，鄰近的細胞便不能把其吞噬。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtGE44EuoyY
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並不是所有癌細胞亦能懂得施展Macropinocytosis，而整個機制學界亦在模索之中，只知道某些基因如PI3K或Ras進行突變的話，Macropinocytosis發生的機率亦會較大。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2L6KmM95F4
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若能掌握整套機制及研發藥物制止Macropinocytosis的發生，並在化療藥物其間同時使用，便能壓抑癌細胞吞噬死亡細胞的機制，大大增加化療的效果。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLXCZiw4Hwu
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdrqUARCxu6
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Link:550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdaYN5bu6ez
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKuO4IY34fY
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14928-3550Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3x3gjMC2HK

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