癌細胞逃避免疫細胞追殺的手段何其之多,除了較早前提及的PD1/PD1L手段之外,他們亦會用上民建聯蛇齋餅糉的手段應對免疫細胞。458Please respect copyright.PENANAPxuZUumSB4458Please respect copyright.PENANAtcCI4DMhRh
458Please respect copyright.PENANAA7ZienqhRr
PD1/PD1L手段:https://lih.kg/gzGnLS458Please respect copyright.PENANAQ3eorZdJaG
458Please respect copyright.PENANAxCTvYFibJg
458Please respect copyright.PENANAW8O35bXHgq
(圖2)癌細胞(尤其是腦癌)會表達大量的TDO蛋白酶,TDO蛋白酶會將從外來吸取的氨基酸Tryptophan代謝成為Kynureine;458Please respect copyright.PENANAzaQcupzhOm
整個代謝過程是在癌細胞的內部發生。458Please respect copyright.PENANABZV7DE3Auz458Please respect copyright.PENANAiZC3zhZQpo
458Please respect copyright.PENANAVzA0FXcBv2
(圖3)癌細胞可以自用Kynurenine來觸發AhR蛋白質,輔助自己的生長。458Please respect copyright.PENANAykAgikWBEz
458Please respect copyright.PENANAtbSZNVeLKS
同時間,癌細胞亦可將Kynurenine排出四周,而當周遭的免疫細胞吸取Kynurenine後,他們殲滅癌細胞的能力便會下降。458Please respect copyright.PENANAlC9OutpBQQ
458Please respect copyright.PENANAJUbnIOvz1k
亦即是說,當免疫細胞獲取癌細胞所提供的蛇齋餅糉(Kynurenine)後,隨之便會被成功收買,不再侵襲癌細胞。458Please respect copyright.PENANAOZlF9DbU93
458Please respect copyright.PENANAlCeYWCLlAy
(圖4)除Kynurenine外,二噁英亦能觸發AhR蛋白質,為癌細胞締造一道美好的生存環境。458Please respect copyright.PENANAoa0FpwCf3W
458Please respect copyright.PENANAtmIpblwGnO
458Please respect copyright.PENANAEIJLU5OcR4
現今有不少癌症藥物正試圖阻隔AhR蛋白質的觸發來消滅癌症,但亦有證據指出過度阻隔AhR蛋白質有機會反而助長癌細胞的生長,以及引發不良的過敏炎症。458Please respect copyright.PENANA80adiq4iTe
458Please respect copyright.PENANAYbRHlNNLx4
除研發阻隔AhR蛋白質藥物外,亦有一道方向是研發藥物減低周遭的Kynurenine濃度,減低癌細胞弱化周遭免疫細胞的能力。458Please respect copyright.PENANAjHTSmojkxY
458Please respect copyright.PENANAixcJttVR8t
若然成功,或許能配合現有的免疫治療PD1方法加強效果,消滅癌症。458Please respect copyright.PENANAaq2LMkArgI
458Please respect copyright.PENANAhrNyUBE4VY
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。458Please respect copyright.PENANAEvV0ChTwAl
458Please respect copyright.PENANAhkN9FWf9cA
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc458Please respect copyright.PENANAbq9L6dBPlb
458Please respect copyright.PENANAjqL6SpXTNd
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。458Please respect copyright.PENANAtlOj7WuuPx
458Please respect copyright.PENANAtqW4bQYHZy
Link:458Please respect copyright.PENANA44KmctOdIR
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio458Please respect copyright.PENANAUUm8rKSq8v
458Please respect copyright.PENANA6CN5bxKZ82
458Please respect copyright.PENANAYFzFKZMkrU
基於WhatsApp/Facebook等問題,IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。458Please respect copyright.PENANAwuCVsThzBH
458Please respect copyright.PENANARiCQGDia3M
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10491458Please respect copyright.PENANA8LG3apDhEP
Ref2:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165614717302249458Please respect copyright.PENANAupprFSg2xk