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大家有冇諗過係咩原因呢?209Please respect copyright.PENANAv2MBlycZSn
今日就用呢一杯Gin & Tonic209Please respect copyright.PENANAYeYoCAenWx
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通向東方嘅貿易路線就咁畀班異教徒壟斷咗209Please respect copyright.PENANAiOlx9eN4LN
運往歐洲嘅香料茶葉以至各式各樣嘅東方商品209Please respect copyright.PENANAk1YgLCJ8mC
買少見少之餘亦都水漲船高209Please respect copyright.PENANAgrXV2kGi3g
其中畀人食水食得最甘嘅209Please respect copyright.PENANAYVgZ42oDDH
就係距離中東最遠歐洲最西邊嗰兩隻牙209Please respect copyright.PENANAE5zN38bY0o
喺咁大嘅經濟誘因下209Please respect copyright.PENANAgwkNXvoxAx
呢對牙就踏上尋找繞過中東直奔遠東之路喇
首先傳嚟“好消息”嘅係西班牙209Please respect copyright.PENANAmLeaCnTTFo
1493年3月15日星期五中午 209Please respect copyright.PENANAAHr9CVql9X
哥倫布同佢捉返嚟嗰幾個“印度人”喺西班牙嘅帕洛斯港登岸209Please respect copyright.PENANAE8KxH17K1C
斐迪南同伊莎貝拉嗰兩公婆梗係開心到癲啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAA5p4aotIDG
西班牙國王斐迪南同王后伊莎貝拉接見哥倫布209Please respect copyright.PENANAJOzc6UCGxA
跟住葡萄牙亦傳嚟捷報209Please respect copyright.PENANAJDoxNILyOe
華士古·達伽馬喺1498年繞過非洲最南端嘅好望角到達印度嘅西岸209Please respect copyright.PENANAQRMUhoEvGc
從此葡萄牙就連上咗本身已經非常蓬勃嘅印度洋貿易網209Please respect copyright.PENANAtZuUDcuEVF
開始大國崛起之路喇(好似係)
事情就梗係唔會咁一帆風順啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAQuI1WKNedr
意大利航海家亞美利哥·韋斯普奇喺1506年到達南美洲最南面嘅巴塔哥尼亞209Please respect copyright.PENANAaSk4ghxcVL
證實咗哥倫布搵到嘅唔係亞洲而係全新嘅大陸209Please respect copyright.PENANASKMMzPIg1B
(佢個名“Amerigo”亦都成為呢塊新大陸嘅名“America”)209Please respect copyright.PENANAsSHApNEyA1
咁既然唔係亞洲209Please respect copyright.PENANAcAREG3i3dI
自然就唔會有好似胡椒肉桂呢啲比黃金仲值錢嘅香料209Please respect copyright.PENANAIHtHrYPtXl
好彩呢度啲生番唔知點解有好多黃金白銀209Please respect copyright.PENANAMCdsbJ5rNK
唉唔理喇殺晒班生番攞晒啲黃金先再講啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAN9vL34oLZc
就係咁喺槍炮同病毒嘅幫助下209Please respect copyright.PENANAizyFvGdIEy
美洲三大帝國同佢地九成以上嘅國民就灰飛煙滅喇209Please respect copyright.PENANAlNHaE9Gvf8
不過當人又殺晒金又攞盡時209Please respect copyright.PENANAPzZ3isa2dQ
西班牙佬面對咁大撻殖民地209Please respect copyright.PENANA5OXyneTU7f
日常管理開墾探索全部都要人力財力209Please respect copyright.PENANAhD85MyOd5Z
攞到咁多地反而成為咗負累209Please respect copyright.PENANAyg7qYBg7nR
第一代日不落帝國最頂盛時期版圖209Please respect copyright.PENANA4pLzHZB4l3
西班牙國王菲臘二世喺葡萄牙王位繼承戰贏咗209Please respect copyright.PENANAxAwsAy35H0
吞埋葡萄牙啲殖民地(除咗澳門)
至於葡萄牙情況都唔好得幾多209Please respect copyright.PENANA2JqsEw6VTe
雖然繞過鄂圖曼直接同東方交易209Please respect copyright.PENANAcCdy9uLwz2
可以食少幾浸中間人抽水209Please respect copyright.PENANAbhD9T7KX31
不過來回里斯本至印度西岸果亞嘅航線長度209Please respect copyright.PENANA2skoZiuAKO
同環繞赤道一周差唔多209Please respect copyright.PENANAEnQ7CAmSCc
成個航程好彩嘅就一年鬆啲209Please respect copyright.PENANA9nXSXQKVGs
萬一有咩阻滯209Please respect copyright.PENANAkPm52p0bDW
船隊趕唔切喺8月尾前趕到赤道209Please respect copyright.PENANAqzpxr4n61j
食唔到最後嗰浸由東非吹向印度嘅季候風呢209Please respect copyright.PENANAJKZftECV8V
就仆得街喇209Please respect copyright.PENANAF2ULw0MsQR
成隊船要喺東非呆等半年209Please respect copyright.PENANAqQfx5kQkdK
到下一年嘅春季起風先行得209Please respect copyright.PENANAcZDsTaGJsQ
跟住去到印度又要等到冬天209Please respect copyright.PENANAWvve3XvSh3
啲季候風先會轉向吹去東非209Please respect copyright.PENANA6mJH9xKpXy
前前後後成個航程會耽誤多足足一年209Please respect copyright.PENANAB4gBefHAL6
而航程咁長咁耐真係咩事都可以發生209Please respect copyright.PENANARp8dTBbqPS
成程船又要驚風暴擱淺209Please respect copyright.PENANA3K7BhONKH8
又要驚海盜、壞血病等等等等209Please respect copyright.PENANAP0volrCXDn
(達伽馬第一次到達印度嘅航程,177個水手就有122個死於壞血病,包括佢個親兄弟)209Please respect copyright.PENANAISDM9qBXPW
另外非洲沿岸設置大大小小上百個補給點同貿易站嘅防守維護開支209Please respect copyright.PENANAHMEagy6TvN
加上佢個強鄰兼死敵西班牙又處處圍堵追擊209Please respect copyright.PENANAOipkdpRbhQ
呢啲嘢加加埋埋都幾係嘢209Please respect copyright.PENANAW4chL0Rhhk
對葡萄牙呢個小國嚟講209Please respect copyright.PENANAgtIjO85d0P
印度洋貿易呢嚿肥豬肉209Please respect copyright.PENANAPap18XAa0T
就算食到都消化不良啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAXyLs89Tpke
15世紀葡萄牙喺非洲沿岸建立嘅貿易站209Please respect copyright.PENANAtD6eDgt1ym
成個印度洋嘅貿易航線完全取決於唔同時節嘅季候風向209Please respect copyright.PENANAkS0FxdDDdu
就咁睇呢種新興嘅殖民事業都幾惡搞209Please respect copyright.PENANAr5gTiw5YfJ
不過正所謂辦法總比困難多209Please respect copyright.PENANA5zS7VLwkjU
呢對歡喜冤家都不約而同望向同一個地方:209Please respect copyright.PENANAsnAfPqA2HU
非洲
當初搞咁多嘢209Please respect copyright.PENANAQQcue1Z48D
目的都係想得到香料茶葉甘蔗呢啲歐洲種唔到嘅農作物啫209Please respect copyright.PENANAnrQAPMCRFl
咁既然新大陸嘅氣候同東方咁接近209Please respect copyright.PENANAHh1cA5UFox
話唔定可以攞嚟種番呢啲農產品㗎喎209Please respect copyright.PENANATR8XV9f6qh
雖然成個美洲啲生番都死得八八九九冇晒勞動力209Please respect copyright.PENANAjhq02jNT8X
不過非洲啲黑鬼個個都大大隻隻咁209Please respect copyright.PENANAIkvmkZFboP
運啲過去美洲種嘢唔係就fit晒喇咩209Please respect copyright.PENANAcaUk0pA8kf
美洲有耕地209Please respect copyright.PENANAIO7DvJpufS
非洲有人力209Please respect copyright.PENANAamjIniNpRc
而歐洲就有槍炮、需求同野心209Please respect copyright.PENANAtvbgkYja1N
就咁喺1525年歐洲人開始喺非洲捉啲黑鬼過美洲種嘢同開礦209Please respect copyright.PENANAwsZDaDRnea
然後將各類原材料運返去歐洲加工賺錢209Please respect copyright.PENANAh7F6HqruRK
再用啲錢嚟請人買武器去非洲捉更多嘅黑鬼209Please respect copyright.PENANAz5sVNClgst
西班牙同葡萄牙開始賺取佢地以往無法想像嘅錢209Please respect copyright.PENANAY5wTtV2CLY
英國、法國、荷蘭、瑞典等等傳統同新興強國209Please respect copyright.PENANAYV0DZgdRRo
見到咁好賺就梗係叉隻腳埋嚟啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAv5hDtvlbg4
隨住呢種名為“三角貿易”嘅經濟模式盛行209Please respect copyright.PENANA1okpXlwJjP
各國加速佔據非洲沿岸嘅各個河口海灣209Please respect copyright.PENANA8qPYci0beS
務求搶奪更多嘅黑奴209Please respect copyright.PENANA4v3E8S8Gbc
由此激發各國投入人力物力209Please respect copyright.PENANA3gciwHR5ym
研究更先進更精密嘅航海儀器209Please respect copyright.PENANADPRrAVUF7s
製造更多更大更快武裝更強嘅船209Please respect copyright.PENANAxCGqSASsev
西方科技自始得到長足嘅發展209Please respect copyright.PENANA0wyYuHLN3B
天文學、機械工程、物流、金融等等等等209Please respect copyright.PENANABEUZ89rMmo
如果文藝復興係人類脫離愚昧嘅開端嘅話209Please respect copyright.PENANAiNRtbDebra
咁壯闊波瀾嘅“大航海時代”就係現代文明嘅奠基石喇
三角貿易209Please respect copyright.PENANAmR5qxAyRR3
250年間有超過兩千萬黑鬼運咗去美洲209Please respect copyright.PENANA3uOhHwfy4f為日後BLM埋下伏線
睇到呢度209Please respect copyright.PENANAvNZ3db3Wvu
相信各位聰明嘅小朋友都會有個疑問:209Please respect copyright.PENANAWqX7bighx4
乜非洲冇地畀佢地種嘢咩?209Please respect copyright.PENANAR7Wk7zadz0
做乜嗰時啲歐洲佬咁撚笨柒209Please respect copyright.PENANAyockqEfHFU
要山長水遠由非洲運啲黑鬼過美洲呀209Please respect copyright.PENANACW7auB9qiL
呢樣正正就係今集要講嘅嘢209Please respect copyright.PENANARvng2SOtwQ
歷史係由一連串唔相關嘅偶然所組成209Please respect copyright.PENANAMna09FZbF7
而家就講講喺17世紀一場教宗選舉209Please respect copyright.PENANAQ6rsOfDTom
同一個喺南美安第斯山脈雨林嘅科學發現209Please respect copyright.PENANAH3Y291UqHf
係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴
1623年7月8號教宗額我略十五世病逝享年69歲209Please respect copyright.PENANAARU3S3fOQn
哦唔緊要咁咪選過個囉209Please respect copyright.PENANAbNS23MvM3z
於是由54個樞機組成嘅樞機團209Please respect copyright.PENANAsvbKyDr0eG
喺7月16號舉行教宗選舉秘密會議209Please respect copyright.PENANAAyGMIj8yHZ
準備選出新教宗喇209Please respect copyright.PENANAk4i0R2EbZg
大公教樞機團選老坐示意圖209Please respect copyright.PENANAtuy2z0ctzm
自16世紀起209Please respect copyright.PENANAtXPJBOoFZW
呢個小圈子選舉209Please respect copyright.PENANA4iCw0K5ejw
就畀波旁同哈布斯堡呢兩個大公教勢力操控209Please respect copyright.PENANAOgek3lIPQM
啲樞機會根據自己家族嘅利益209Please respect copyright.PENANAxXfOHWi6h5
大致分為親法國同親西班牙兩大陣營209Please respect copyright.PENANAdGN5gvv5Gl
每次選辦事人時都會拗得面紅耳赤209Please respect copyright.PENANAy5dwFlpMiJ
有時仲會大打出手209Please respect copyright.PENANA7rgXF8DHK3
好似1605年3月嗰次209Please respect copyright.PENANAefMYxmUAwm
就有個樞機開會時畀人開拖打斷咗幾條骨209Please respect copyright.PENANAmvVL6FhzZA
今次個競爭一樣係咁激烈209Please respect copyright.PENANAMTV2tjQbbH
不過呢個唔係今集重點209Please respect copyright.PENANA3RMMN19vJ4
所以就唔花太多篇幅去講喇209Please respect copyright.PENANAMEwnkhkkwA
我直接講個結果:209Please respect copyright.PENANA1oeL438WGq
半死嘅馬費奧·巴貝里尼當選為第235任教宗209Please respect copyright.PENANA6rwSyWK2ZL
法號伍朋八世209Please respect copyright.PENANAMhSeeORWPu
而成場選舉最後死咗8個樞機同30個神職人員209Please respect copyright.PENANAh6LXWWLmBV
…209Please respect copyright.PENANAoOT81QSykX
..209Please respect copyright.PENANAlmm46GNreC
.209Please respect copyright.PENANA7TaTJyBUbU
開個會啫唔使死吓嘛???209Please respect copyright.PENANAfp9H02XNOW
咩事搞到咁大壇呀?
伍朋八世
班老嘢就梗係唔係玩往死裏打咁激動啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAMqsGr6AiqV
佢地其實係病死嘅209Please respect copyright.PENANAXXTrx71jzj
喺呢度要教大家一個中世紀意大利名詞
"Mal'Aria"
直譯就係"bad air""腐敗嘅空氣"209Please respect copyright.PENANArn1sl83eEi
即係現代所講嘅"瘧疾(Malaria)"喇209Please respect copyright.PENANA6tgHEXlfYv
舊時啲人唔知瘧疾係由蚊傳播209Please respect copyright.PENANA2ZVsn6A7Q9
佢地只係知每當天氣熱時209Please respect copyright.PENANAeEGivs4VDg
沼澤腐爛動植物嘅氣味209Please respect copyright.PENANAthiffagFnV
係會令人發燒同病死209Please respect copyright.PENANABzdG2MK9Mt
呢個就係"Malaria"呢個字嘅由來喇
中國古籍記載喺嶺南雲貴川地區嘅"瘴氣"其實都係指瘧疾209Please respect copyright.PENANA6WaB2K4KYc
呢個係唔同文化嘅人觀察自然現象有共通之處嘅其中一個例子
自古羅馬帝國喺布匿戰爭消滅北非嘅迦太基後209Please respect copyright.PENANA5ZoiSc4fwy
羅馬士兵就將迦太基城入面嘅金銀財寶男女戰俘209Please respect copyright.PENANAMXo5X1u3SC
以及戰俘身體入面嘅瘧疾病原體209Please respect copyright.PENANAOHXJL6s8Id
帶返去羅馬本土喇209Please respect copyright.PENANApm6nE0g6iP
羅馬城本身係建築喺台伯河嘅沼澤地帶209Please respect copyright.PENANAwtpoKWevdR
帶有瘧疾嘅蚊正好喺呢啲地方大量繁殖209Please respect copyright.PENANAvL21UlMb6i
再經羅馬帝國發達嘅公路網傳遍歐洲各地209Please respect copyright.PENANARddN4gerfG
自此瘧疾就好似迦太基亡靈施加喺羅馬嘅詛咒一樣209Please respect copyright.PENANADwXYkqFBCb
每年夏天炎熱潮濕時209Please respect copyright.PENANABDCgAGivoJ
呢個持續上千年嘅詛咒都會出嚟索命209Please respect copyright.PENANAJsi4MECOF9
額我略十五世唔遲唔早209Please respect copyright.PENANARgZfwFQqy8
啱啱好就喺羅馬城最熱最潮濕嘅季節釘蓋209Please respect copyright.PENANAV3Fj9MaWNc
今次算班樞機唔好彩喇209Please respect copyright.PENANAY9B5QpXzah
同樣中招病到半死嘅伍朋八世209Please respect copyright.PENANAmCrWdSSI6x
見到咁多同佢一樣本身位高權重嘅樞機蒙主寵召209Please respect copyright.PENANAUf6dAppkzh
梗係嚇到鼻哥窿都冇肉啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAED00hKXIMg
佢下令要根治呢種沼澤毒氣所引發嘅疾病209Please respect copyright.PENANA9ifUmtc9Ym
咁嗰時計呢隻嘢都已經成千年歷史209Please respect copyright.PENANAejfVXU8uoz
當然唔會係阿教宗話要根治就根治到啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAdXHsoG1U00
中世紀時啲醫生醫瘧疾209Please respect copyright.PENANAVVgmMagCtZ
都係用好似放血呀截肢呀呢啲聽落似酷刑多啲嘅方法209Please respect copyright.PENANAOa9MBkeITs
真係唔醫好過醫209Please respect copyright.PENANA8pa33eIAk2
不過喺呢個大航海時代209Please respect copyright.PENANAwHawUQtiQA
的確提供咗更多更好嘅可能性畀佢209Please respect copyright.PENANA6a3QWPFuMo
16世紀起209Please respect copyright.PENANAiz8eIidcpR
耶穌會嘅傳教士跟隨住西班牙同葡萄牙嘅艦隊209Please respect copyright.PENANAiFmOx4zfZU
去到美洲﹑非洲以至亞洲209Please respect copyright.PENANART6fJagKl3
大量教廷嘅爪牙深入各地擴張教廷嘅影響力傳播上帝嘅愛209Please respect copyright.PENANA3xd7bh7cVv
呢啲傳教士並唔係普通嘅人209Please respect copyright.PENANAQfdg7zxc15
嗰時嘅神學同而家嘅醫科﹑精算一樣209Please respect copyright.PENANAhXU7hXiFrS
都係最炙手可熱嘅科目209Please respect copyright.PENANAqy3H5gioXR
讀得嘅都係社會上最精英嗰批人材209Please respect copyright.PENANApFTrGBlLL5
派得出去傳教嘅更加係精英中嘅精英209Please respect copyright.PENANAJlzBIcyEct
呢啲咁聰明嘅腦袋去到世界唔同嘅角落209Please respect copyright.PENANAIpvhXMpdB2
當然就唔會甘於淨係傳教咁簡單啦209Please respect copyright.PENANAVNr84Y94PE
佢地藉呢個機會研究唔同地方嘅風土人情209Please respect copyright.PENANA1WtxQvUzGh
地理﹑生物學﹑語言學﹑醫藥....209Please respect copyright.PENANAFH9rV6K92v
西方嘅眼界再唔局限喺歐亞大陸209Please respect copyright.PENANAoPYGce4gyI
喺呢個地理大發現時代209Please respect copyright.PENANA1njDratrLR
呢啲耶撚的確佔咗一個相當重要嘅位置209Please respect copyright.PENANA7P1RxmFh36
呢個故事嘅主要成份209Please respect copyright.PENANArMU3kkGKv5
就係由呢班耶撚所發現㗎喇
間返返去十七世紀初209Please respect copyright.PENANAbTWO9RprAD
地點係秘魯總督區嘅首府利馬209Please respect copyright.PENANAUDX2n8dgmX
自1535年西班牙佬征服呢度嘅印加人後209Please respect copyright.PENANA7qm0ORL772
呢塊位處於安第斯山脈同太平洋之間嘅沃土209Please respect copyright.PENANAKuJ0YtN3uX
就畀西班牙殖民者建立起一個又一個嘅果園﹑酒莊同農場209Please respect copyright.PENANAEDkcBWvUXD
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就成為秘魯總督區最值錢嘅商品喇
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每日食啲苦到可以當催吐劑嘅藥粉209Please respect copyright.PENANAYEqvaoHNqA
去“預防”一種佢地未經歷過嘅疾病209Please respect copyright.PENANAGOA6aFionJ
服從性有幾高可想而知209Please respect copyright.PENANAQwWtWgsamh
雖然中咗瘧疾都會有藥醫209Please respect copyright.PENANAyBHpmoDVmG
不過成個殖民地枕住有一堆士兵臥病在床嘅話209Please respect copyright.PENANAss0RcRrs3Z
咁對本身已經好甘嘅殖民地維護開支嚟講209Please respect copyright.PENANAJXuHTs2NIZ
無疑係甘上加甘209Please respect copyright.PENANAGkrxVsnW3z
要知道各國喺瘧疾預防上可謂大灑金錢209Please respect copyright.PENANAcS38P3rTMd
例如英國每年就使咗超過£60,000209Please respect copyright.PENANAJ5JN3C1Q2T
即係折合現時大概七千幾萬港紙喺預防性奎寧配給度209Please respect copyright.PENANAOkHxVHegmd
錢就使咗效果又冇209Please respect copyright.PENANABzZcJsTPGM
咁點搞?209Please respect copyright.PENANAylC7jzfGAe
“嗚...條女冇咗lu...”209Please respect copyright.PENANA29u57m4xyZ
法國“勸喻”殖民地士兵每日服用奎寧嘅海報
英國人喺印度搵到答案209Please respect copyright.PENANAi8WzgaQ14y
作為糖嘅發源地209Please respect copyright.PENANAvbWFdhKr6K
印度人用糖嘅程度超乎常人想像209Please respect copyright.PENANAj1t5dPrLAu
(食過印度甜品都會知點解)
喺1850年左右209Please respect copyright.PENANAyGuLV2PIGT
英國東印度公司駐孟買嘅軍官209Please respect copyright.PENANA3CulRAZNHE
開始流行一種服用奎寧嘅方法:209Please respect copyright.PENANAWF34zEmvUK
佢地將每日配給到嘅奎寧209Please respect copyright.PENANAGiDA3BsjuO
溶入高濃度糖水209Please respect copyright.PENANAA9SL4N8Jg4
再加啲檸檬汁同檸檬皮209Please respect copyright.PENANAWLDqC8fX0c
製成風味獨特嘅奎寧糖漿209Please respect copyright.PENANARaM71scIho
將呢啲糖漿稀釋成合適嘅甜度209Please respect copyright.PENANAoFWVH2KBDp
就成為現今湯力水(Tonic water)嘅雛形喇209Please respect copyright.PENANAo5nR0CPWQ2
啲軍官再進一步209Please respect copyright.PENANAC5l1rKlIO6
用呢啲湯力水勾兌當時平到可以當水飲嘅氈酒209Please respect copyright.PENANAkbckfilra1
一款苦中帶甜、清新爽口嘅雞尾酒就誕生喇
209Please respect copyright.PENANAKrdXSSOeQF
用氈酒嚟溝湯力水可以話係神來之筆209Please respect copyright.PENANAUNsiCba4J2
法國人曾經試過用紅酒209Please respect copyright.PENANAPnaDORGgH2
不過溝出嚟嘅味道好怪209Please respect copyright.PENANABlcVK0Qzkc
只係似加咗糖而帶強烈苦澀味嘅藥水209Please respect copyright.PENANAbdgcNbcAAE
味道完全唔融和209Please respect copyright.PENANAAGade3OcbY
而平價嘅氈酒出奇地掩蓋到奎寧嘅苦味209Please respect copyright.PENANA9Paow7VXsg
後來研究發現209Please respect copyright.PENANAM50hfJewLP
原來係氈酒入面杜松子嘅成份209Please respect copyright.PENANAR4v6ykIJWq
同奎寧結合成聚合體209Please respect copyright.PENANA9eNvKdFmxL
大幅改變奎寧嘅味道209Please respect copyright.PENANAVTjFVlHTJ8
呢個偶然嘅發現209Please respect copyright.PENANAE51mZpDKvh
都可以當做呢篇非洲血淚史嘅一個小小嘅註腳嘅
呢款充滿異國風情、被稱為“Gin & Tonic”嘅雞尾酒即時大受歡迎209Please respect copyright.PENANAciWT89Q87s
佢嘅配方通過水手同退役歸國嘅官兵209Please respect copyright.PENANACyS9pUSWrk
傳遍各殖民地以至歐陸各國嘅酒吧209Please respect copyright.PENANA7Hrju58GR3
一時間奎寧就由難以下嚥嘅苦藥209Please respect copyright.PENANAMAEqAZh0xs
變成社交場合必備嘅飲品209Please respect copyright.PENANAthTy42kTCY
湯力水受歡迎嘅程度209Please respect copyright.PENANA9r2M45gTyu
甚至開始有公司改良同製作商業產品209Please respect copyright.PENANApglfhCHMa2
好似發明樽裝梳打水嘅Schweppes(玉泉)209Please respect copyright.PENANAekZ2H6yu7j
就喺1870年將奎寧糖漿加入樽裝梳打水209Please respect copyright.PENANA094LZlWUEr
成為方便攜帶飲用嘅有汽湯力水209Please respect copyright.PENANAINxfFkIXpH
唔同時期嘅Schweppes湯力水樽
奎寧的確拯救咗好多英國以至歐洲人嘅命209Please respect copyright.PENANA56LELhkazd
例如喺1875年209Please respect copyright.PENANAYpygE928Vr
英軍喺塞拉利昂嘅死亡率209Please respect copyright.PENANAP18h1c60jR
已經跌到去1.5%209Please respect copyright.PENANAc38FsyFUpR
不過正所謂每個銀仔都有兩面209Please respect copyright.PENANA9XkrUVttSY
下集會講吓209Please respect copyright.PENANAEfPUzN2K0V
呢隻邱吉爾口中所講救人無數嘅聖藥209Please respect copyright.PENANAmXMQtb6rwQ
係點樣改寫無數非洲人嘅命運209Please respect copyright.PENANAye1ihimiD1209Please respect copyright.PENANA8OF8yw6N4j