鯤鵬喜歡在無際的大海中嬉戲歌唱,享受世界的廣闊。257Please respect copyright.PENANAFULaQrO5pm
或許是躍出水面就展翅翱翔,也可能只是慵懶的躺倒,激起壯觀的水花後潛入深海。他有時也會在離水後擺弄姿態,試圖讓自己看來更是威武或優美。257Please respect copyright.PENANAbTphDPnh1F
這一切就如他的歌聲,全都隨心情喜好而定。那些旋律有時聽來就如海水搖曳般柔緩,有時則帶有雨滴落在翅膀上的輕快節奏。曲調也會隨時間改變,出現創新與突破。257Please respect copyright.PENANA8lemEOaNfT
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然而,自從鯤鵬被石碑的詛咒束縛後,便只能偶爾在島嶼北方聽見深邃而悠遠的低鳴。那聽來就如海潮拍打岸上礁岩的聲響,既枯燥、單調又孤寂。257Please respect copyright.PENANAdl00biuX2H
那或許是他自沉睡中清醒時發出的哀嘆,也或許是深眠中不經意發出的囈語。257Please respect copyright.PENANAMHjgeptmL5
至於真相為何……257Please respect copyright.PENANAmhqefzxwJ3
無人知曉,也無法知曉。257Please respect copyright.PENANAXU9xD3vvek
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|事情始末257Please respect copyright.PENANA0BOIpnYpH1
在繪製鯤鵬島地圖時,我決定找一種鯨魚做為鯤鵬的外型參考,於是就搜尋了台灣周圍會出現的鯨魚種類,並且……257Please respect copyright.PENANAUT9LIlnCFE
對大翅鯨一見鍾情(大誤)。257Please respect copyright.PENANAzDDjMcTSsN
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好啦!下面是會選擇大翅鯨的正經理由:257Please respect copyright.PENANARSHvbYBYw9
1. 具有所有鯨魚中,占比最長 的胸鰭,誇飾後將符合逍遙遊中對鯤鵬的描述:『其翼若垂天之雲。』257Please respect copyright.PENANAaGp2Fy1WDd
2. 他們擅長水上跳躍特技,或許是鯤鵬會飛的由來?257Please respect copyright.PENANAY1gswNkbbQ
3. 有南北遷徙的習慣,符合逍遙遊中對鯤鵬的描述:『海運則將徙於南冥』與『鵬之徙於南冥也,…,去以六月息者也。』(不過大翅鯨其實是冬天南遷)257Please respect copyright.PENANAfHqh9frxJ9
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|參考資料257Please respect copyright.PENANAZx0kBk7tzm
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|名字、由來:257Please respect copyright.PENANAPYRDBmjbpE
大翅鯨(台語:「海崎」),又名座頭鯨。257Please respect copyright.PENANA0V3TYVEVKE
座頭鯨(ザトウクジラ)一名源自日文「座頭(ざとう)」,意指其背部很像盲人琵琶樂師揹著琵琶的模樣。257Please respect copyright.PENANA668pUk1uED
英文名 humpback whale 意為駝背鯨,都是在描述大翅鯨的背部隆起。257Please respect copyright.PENANAlj8cGdJTMU
學名:Megaptera novaeangliae,屬名來自希臘文「μεγα-πτερα」,意指「大型的翅膀」,種小名則意為「來自新英格蘭的」。257Please respect copyright.PENANAWu338fWdQX
novaeangliae 是由一名出生於東普魯士的日耳曼動物學家——波羅斯基(Georg Heinrich Borowski, 1746–1801)命名,屬名 Megaptera 則是在1846 年由英國動物學家格雷(John Edward Gray, 1800-1875)新增歸類。257Please respect copyright.PENANAPKEID5inWd
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|外觀:257Please respect copyright.PENANAdRIO42OLLf
上半身黝黑,頭部與下巴長有許多突起的節瘤,背鰭位於身體後方三分之二處,形狀低矮且底部較寬,隆起狀就像駝背。257Please respect copyright.PENANAbBe0QWJB4f
尾鰭寬廣,中心明顯向內凹且有鋸齒狀後緣。257Please respect copyright.PENANA6EQ82S5bA2
尾鰭鋸齒狀後緣與胸鰭都有白斑,且每隻大翅鯨斑點的分布都不同,是能辨識個體的重要特徵。257Please respect copyright.PENANAx4C4kkNwia
胸鰭長度大約是身長的三分之一,是鯨豚中占比最長的。257Please respect copyright.PENANAUmHjWHbb2G
頭部佔全身三分之一,左右上顎各有一排鯨鬚板片,每排約 270~400 片。257Please respect copyright.PENANA0b8KDiRXne
由下頷到腹部的喉腹褶約有 14~22 道,平行排列長度至肚臍前。257Please respect copyright.PENANAUB1PQ6KuKK
頭頂兩個噴氣孔噴出的水氣從正面看近似心形,高度約 2.5~3 公尺。257Please respect copyright.PENANAjV0oU0EiY7
成年體長約 14~17 公尺。257Please respect copyright.PENANAdJZFzY7dCJ
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|食物:257Please respect copyright.PENANAUTKhyoIh9H
磷蝦與各種小型魚類。257Please respect copyright.PENANAP4qkn8f97T
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|捕食方式:257Please respect copyright.PENANA6ChxHyPI91
泡泡網捕獵(bubble-net feeding)是一種獨特的獵食行為,目前只在大翅鯨和布氏鯨身上可觀察到。257Please respect copyright.PENANAXeDBGEIAFO
在定位魚群後,大翅鯨會以團隊合作的方式一邊從下方逼近獵物,一邊用泡泡圍捕被驚擾的魚群。257Please respect copyright.PENANAABLwf0s9WS
在魚群聚集後,鯨群就會使出衝刺進食(lunge-feeding),朝魚群衝去並一口吞下大量魚群與海水,再透過鯨鬚將水排出去。257Please respect copyright.PENANAysdn7HGopg
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|習性:257Please respect copyright.PENANAkgmnYm8fOy
除了捕食與求偶繁衍時會與其他大翅鯨一起行動,大多都是單獨生活。集體成員不固定,群體生活通常在夏季持續得較久,方便合作覓食。257Please respect copyright.PENANA9CbEpgQRC8
雄性大翅鯨尋求配偶時,常會與其他雄鯨一起包圍著一隻雌鯨,組成「競爭性群體」(competitive groups)。257Please respect copyright.PENANAYVn2AdHTOC
競爭會持續幾小時,競逐失敗的就會自動游離,最後留下的才可與雌鯨交配。257Please respect copyright.PENANAkMgYRapXa3
雄鯨在繁殖季會鳴唱複雜的歌曲,且曲譜會隨時間變化,各族群間的歌曲也會有差別。257Please respect copyright.PENANARjZNap7RpW
經常出現躍身擊浪、擺動胸鰭及尾鰭擊浪等水上行為。257Please respect copyright.PENANACZYh0vDXKf
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|棲地:257Please respect copyright.PENANA45N9cs2m9m
廣泛分佈於全球各海域,多在大陸棚或是島嶼周圍活動。257Please respect copyright.PENANA6BmDsbFwy1
春季到秋季多半在中高緯度地區覓食、冬季則在低緯度海域繁殖育幼。257Please respect copyright.PENANA0AJzpl17xh
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|網址:257Please respect copyright.PENANAPS8WGGYUxC
維基百科。大翅鯨:https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%BF%85%E9%B2%B8257Please respect copyright.PENANAEf5Dii1GSb
海洋委員會海洋保育署。臺灣百種海洋動物圖鑑:大翅鯨-臺灣百種海洋動物:https://www.oca.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=289&parentpath=0,5&mcustomize=ocamaritime_view.jsp&dataserno=202103120010 257Please respect copyright.PENANAY82jXA8xtu
泛科學。追蹤旋轉、吐泡泡、一網打盡!利用水泡網來捕獵的座頭鯨:https://pansci.asia/archives/173351257Please respect copyright.PENANAk62Qo1pde2
WordPress。所以說大翅鯨到底有幾種?:https://haideeya.wordpress.com/2018/08/28/%E6%89%80%E4%BB%A5%E8%AA%AA%E5%A4%A7%E7%BF%85%E9%AF%A8%E5%88%B0%E5%BA%95%E6%9C%89%E5%B9%BE%E7%A8%AE%EF%BC%9F/?fbclid=IwAR2GtpaGPK9aUxEn6Uc9mqlG55on2VhL87TLng7Ny11wyLv_jnXA1eR3IzY
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