雪櫃、冷氣機、水煲等等各電器不時都會散發出熱力。452Please respect copyright.PENANASge6Cc3w5H
如果將這些多餘的熱力轉化成為電力,便能夠更有效運用資源,不作浪費。452Please respect copyright.PENANAvgJnNnr468
452Please respect copyright.PENANA8elcr1Lt7J
452Please respect copyright.PENANA2tzByUuYno
(圖2)繼續深入講解之前,我們先以非常簡單的方法概括一下發電的原理。452Please respect copyright.PENANADTmacPyvjn
452Please respect copyright.PENANAWhXThLXXDx
452Please respect copyright.PENANADKeQ8JZSzN
只要電子在閉合電路單方向流動,就能促成電流,提供電力讓燈泡發光。452Please respect copyright.PENANAfsBhqPLvig
452Please respect copyright.PENANALnm8xhk5LP
(圖3)要把熱力有效轉化為電力,我們需要一樣能夠有效傳遞電子而同時又不會傳遞熱力的物料。452Please respect copyright.PENANA9JEDmGimQI
452Please respect copyright.PENANARLBcU48yXV
有科學家最近發表文章(Ref1),利用化學物ferricyanide ion Fe(CN)6 –4作為媒體把熱力轉化為電力。452Please respect copyright.PENANAuIfCahsDe9
452Please respect copyright.PENANA9kdpSx9Yis
452Please respect copyright.PENANAxgR6B9ZPoi
選用Fe(CN)6 –4的原因基於其兩種特質。452Please respect copyright.PENANA4HuXTTScdY
452Please respect copyright.PENANAArpIb6tun7
1.它遇冷(約攝氏20度左右)的時候,再加上Guanidinium ion的輔助下便會變成固體結晶。452Please respect copyright.PENANAtcgXSaWneP
452Please respect copyright.PENANAtE5g4bUJqa
2.它遇熱的時候會放出電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。452Please respect copyright.PENANAflgNNh515H
452Please respect copyright.PENANAEEtxbalSjn
(圖4)以下就是利用熱力發電的精髓要點。452Please respect copyright.PENANAJuNKw401CA
452Please respect copyright.PENANATMJpkkerTf
452Please respect copyright.PENANA9rAQH4PbP7
1.Fe(CN)6 –4遇上外間熱力(例如電器所散發出的熱力),因而會釋發電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。452Please respect copyright.PENANAH4fmIp0J3i
452Please respect copyright.PENANA9kBmGO1I2J
2.電子在閉合電路走動,產生電流,讓燈泡發亮。452Please respect copyright.PENANAedlkYIHoGC
452Please respect copyright.PENANAuqExuRnwQg
3.電子到達另一端的凍金屬棒(約攝氏20度)後,從第1點所得來的Fe(CN)6 –3便會接收電子,變回Fe(CN)6 –4。452Please respect copyright.PENANA1QZqxBDwpP
452Please respect copyright.PENANAQ42UwcN7KJ
4.Fe(CN)6 –4在Guanidinium ion的輔助下變成固體結晶。452Please respect copyright.PENANAqpGYeOb3Qf
固體相對上傳熱的能力比液體較弱,因而減低了熱金屬棒把熱力傳到凍金屬棒的效率,促使凍金屬棒及熱金屬棒維持著溫差。452Please respect copyright.PENANAdVBvQC2WRE
452Please respect copyright.PENANAo4sGoXIHeS
5.在地心吸力的影響下,固體結晶會趨往金屬棒那方。而在熱力的影響下,固體結晶變回液態Fe(CN)6 –4,重回第1點不斷循環。452Please respect copyright.PENANAzcDEOrpjzA
452Please respect copyright.PENANAnl30w7FxxR
綜合來說,科學家巧妙利用了Fe(CN)6 –4遇熱釋出電子的特點,以及遇冷配合Guanidinium結成固體、固體不易傳熱的特質,建造了有效傳遞電子而同時又不會有效傳遞熱力的物料。452Please respect copyright.PENANADxY0YcdOrQ
452Please respect copyright.PENANAXGe7kmE6iW
(圖5)科學家在文中亦嘗試利用20個圖4的模組,在兩極維持50度的溫差下,提供電力予各用途之上。452Please respect copyright.PENANAbEvcXFnots
452Please respect copyright.PENANAs0dZ9AKHyy
452Please respect copyright.PENANAEav4JlRTa3
現在需要解決的問題,就是找出收集多餘熱力的有效方法及物料,引導熱力到模組裡頭。452Please respect copyright.PENANAq4pznP5Qr7
文章作者表示現時已積極尋找物料,相信假以時日絕有可能會在市面見到收集電器熱力發電的設備。452Please respect copyright.PENANAganWjzxrlO
452Please respect copyright.PENANAczqy5rnbcZ
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。452Please respect copyright.PENANAkMHhXTZ2Cu
452Please respect copyright.PENANA4EC4myqAt4
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc452Please respect copyright.PENANAMiGiUIVrr7
452Please respect copyright.PENANANdLHNm4nPu
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。452Please respect copyright.PENANAr0dofMATKP
452Please respect copyright.PENANAueez5oxZJj
Link:452Please respect copyright.PENANAstYqRd6TK1
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio452Please respect copyright.PENANAt6SOhArv4z
452Please respect copyright.PENANAtKWmSXuBwk
452Please respect copyright.PENANA3EnEv4rkin
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。452Please respect copyright.PENANAVI7KPIP6yz
452Please respect copyright.PENANAIujcoqspSB
Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/09/09/science.abd6749452Please respect copyright.PENANAXsuLwW9pqd
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科普專欄–薯不揀單
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薯仔聞茱莉
篇 #48
深入淺出–利用家庭電器散發熱力的發電可能性
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