科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–鼻噴式武肺人造抗體

現今至少有兩間公司的人造抗體(LY/REGN)被緊急認可為武肺的治療方法。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlSCayu6gvY
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但基於這兩種人造抗體需經由血管注射，其間病人需卧床約一小時間，且需求人手密切監察整個過程，實際運行的成本非常高昂，因此未能普及。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl5qUGWf47k
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更甚的是，有數據顯示當人造抗體經血管注射後，能抵達肺部裡頭的數量少至有少(血液抗體含量比肺部抗體含量高出200-500倍有多)，且已知當今的武肺病毒變種能有效躲避兩間公司的人造抗體追捕，使至人造抗體的地位日漸式微。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLNkHwz53MV
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(圖2)武肺病毒最主要的作惡地方是肺部，要解決肺部抗體含量過少的問題，其中一道手段就是從鼻腔注射人造抗體，使其能較易直達肺部。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDjxkGMrpFS
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從老鼠模型實驗中，可以見到往鼻腔注射人造抗體後，抗體(紅黃色區域)會聚集在鼻腔(N)及肺部(Lu)裡頭。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6mbpLz0t6T
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(圖3)至於解決武肺變種的問題，其中一手段就是將五個單一抗體連結成一個個體(五合一)，利用「龐大」的身驅阻礙病毒進入細胞。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzAkRAr3o26
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在老鼠實驗中，鼻噴式的五合一抗體能有效阻隔英國及巴西變種等病毒，且有著預防及治療武肺的功效，同時亦沒有對老鼠的體重和明顯特徵做成任何影響。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡytx7OyIfFR
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若能順利通過人體臨床實驗，定必為世界的安定起來重要的作用。485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNC4mLPUiMD
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03673-2_reference.pdf485Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbw2PTl3OvF

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