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通向東方嘅貿易路線就咁畀班異教徒壟斷咗275Please respect copyright.PENANAEnTyw9YNuq
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買少見少之餘亦都水漲船高275Please respect copyright.PENANAEwNTFOuzze
其中畀人食水食得最甘嘅275Please respect copyright.PENANAfF8rubhMta
就係距離中東最遠歐洲最西邊嗰兩隻牙275Please respect copyright.PENANAzShAu3nGBk
喺咁大嘅經濟誘因下275Please respect copyright.PENANA0ypTvtwafX
呢對牙就踏上尋找繞過中東直奔遠東之路喇
首先傳嚟“好消息”嘅係西班牙275Please respect copyright.PENANA7VSkEVr6rS
1493年3月15日星期五中午 275Please respect copyright.PENANAiNTw9Dlukk
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斐迪南同伊莎貝拉嗰兩公婆梗係開心到癲啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAiysQHXibPs
西班牙國王斐迪南同王后伊莎貝拉接見哥倫布275Please respect copyright.PENANACC48Cedg7N
跟住葡萄牙亦傳嚟捷報275Please respect copyright.PENANA6SyL6bmQFD
華士古·達伽馬喺1498年繞過非洲最南端嘅好望角到達印度嘅西岸275Please respect copyright.PENANAlKXPESuE99
從此葡萄牙就連上咗本身已經非常蓬勃嘅印度洋貿易網275Please respect copyright.PENANAyNw2BXwzCY
開始大國崛起之路喇(好似係)
事情就梗係唔會咁一帆風順啦275Please respect copyright.PENANA3BS1JkyTya
意大利航海家亞美利哥·韋斯普奇喺1506年到達南美洲最南面嘅巴塔哥尼亞275Please respect copyright.PENANAlHpNylGlNz
證實咗哥倫布搵到嘅唔係亞洲而係全新嘅大陸275Please respect copyright.PENANA3XJCPvdGQc
(佢個名“Amerigo”亦都成為呢塊新大陸嘅名“America”)275Please respect copyright.PENANARUdkz0qwOZ
咁既然唔係亞洲275Please respect copyright.PENANAJTAkZ3Wj86
自然就唔會有好似胡椒肉桂呢啲比黃金仲值錢嘅香料275Please respect copyright.PENANAv5bc7wSdZs
好彩呢度啲生番唔知點解有好多黃金白銀275Please respect copyright.PENANAy78VS99hym
唉唔理喇殺晒班生番攞晒啲黃金先再講啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAI7NJZELr5b
就係咁喺槍炮同病毒嘅幫助下275Please respect copyright.PENANASLxeYXimeo
美洲三大帝國同佢地九成以上嘅國民就灰飛煙滅喇275Please respect copyright.PENANAvojKvElo1q
不過當人又殺晒金又攞盡時275Please respect copyright.PENANAI5OxEsns7y
西班牙佬面對咁大撻殖民地275Please respect copyright.PENANAdI60Obhwy9
日常管理開墾探索全部都要人力財力275Please respect copyright.PENANA3SFIgZOHtd
攞到咁多地反而成為咗負累275Please respect copyright.PENANAm0ziosSUHq
第一代日不落帝國最頂盛時期版圖275Please respect copyright.PENANAOrqXaSnLL4
西班牙國王菲臘二世喺葡萄牙王位繼承戰贏咗275Please respect copyright.PENANArwfLvBHUK3
吞埋葡萄牙啲殖民地(除咗澳門)
至於葡萄牙情況都唔好得幾多275Please respect copyright.PENANAVFCVB4gWae
雖然繞過鄂圖曼直接同東方交易275Please respect copyright.PENANAwM5HOAY1Mq
可以食少幾浸中間人抽水275Please respect copyright.PENANA32PXqXgPdv
不過來回里斯本至印度西岸果亞嘅航線長度275Please respect copyright.PENANAnfO33gqNUb
同環繞赤道一周差唔多275Please respect copyright.PENANAqoZJfPEJJu
成個航程好彩嘅就一年鬆啲275Please respect copyright.PENANAlp1NXWu9TK
萬一有咩阻滯275Please respect copyright.PENANAeejDehGNi0
船隊趕唔切喺8月尾前趕到赤道275Please respect copyright.PENANATO5QnMfqJM
食唔到最後嗰浸由東非吹向印度嘅季候風呢275Please respect copyright.PENANAGNMu525Vvf
就仆得街喇275Please respect copyright.PENANAbR4aeCtqxf
成隊船要喺東非呆等半年275Please respect copyright.PENANA6f4rpoaXap
到下一年嘅春季起風先行得275Please respect copyright.PENANAAB30jJdvRF
跟住去到印度又要等到冬天275Please respect copyright.PENANAk9CqnixfND
啲季候風先會轉向吹去東非275Please respect copyright.PENANAv6M1GgrM3L
前前後後成個航程會耽誤多足足一年275Please respect copyright.PENANA0QhhG3USVk
而航程咁長咁耐真係咩事都可以發生275Please respect copyright.PENANAcsrhJQKsoT
成程船又要驚風暴擱淺275Please respect copyright.PENANA2QR6asPyOv
又要驚海盜、壞血病等等等等275Please respect copyright.PENANA60MPuczQPg
(達伽馬第一次到達印度嘅航程,177個水手就有122個死於壞血病,包括佢個親兄弟)275Please respect copyright.PENANA8lCouyC7Bd
另外非洲沿岸設置大大小小上百個補給點同貿易站嘅防守維護開支275Please respect copyright.PENANAVfUl3VtFGy
加上佢個強鄰兼死敵西班牙又處處圍堵追擊275Please respect copyright.PENANA2QofvVufQc
呢啲嘢加加埋埋都幾係嘢275Please respect copyright.PENANApxYf339a8n
對葡萄牙呢個小國嚟講275Please respect copyright.PENANAU6xMp6p8rJ
印度洋貿易呢嚿肥豬肉275Please respect copyright.PENANASArX4ANIFZ
就算食到都消化不良啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAk59g30Gbjw
15世紀葡萄牙喺非洲沿岸建立嘅貿易站275Please respect copyright.PENANAQXGVFEIWl8
成個印度洋嘅貿易航線完全取決於唔同時節嘅季候風向275Please respect copyright.PENANArGgQkbWqB8
就咁睇呢種新興嘅殖民事業都幾惡搞275Please respect copyright.PENANAY8CiO8ffWY
不過正所謂辦法總比困難多275Please respect copyright.PENANAYir3IEZ9oi
呢對歡喜冤家都不約而同望向同一個地方:275Please respect copyright.PENANAWghY5tx2OX
非洲
當初搞咁多嘢275Please respect copyright.PENANAmlOnb9uCoX
目的都係想得到香料茶葉甘蔗呢啲歐洲種唔到嘅農作物啫275Please respect copyright.PENANA9N6jymytdJ
咁既然新大陸嘅氣候同東方咁接近275Please respect copyright.PENANAW2al0megF2
話唔定可以攞嚟種番呢啲農產品㗎喎275Please respect copyright.PENANAAcStMklqBW
雖然成個美洲啲生番都死得八八九九冇晒勞動力275Please respect copyright.PENANAMyYa0XSQkP
不過非洲啲黑鬼個個都大大隻隻咁275Please respect copyright.PENANAvyhv1t23Oa
運啲過去美洲種嘢唔係就fit晒喇咩275Please respect copyright.PENANAN7HEGPstkW
美洲有耕地275Please respect copyright.PENANAK3FgX2GrtF
非洲有人力275Please respect copyright.PENANAva7s7LRcci
而歐洲就有槍炮、需求同野心275Please respect copyright.PENANAsUdPGGs3sl
就咁喺1525年歐洲人開始喺非洲捉啲黑鬼過美洲種嘢同開礦275Please respect copyright.PENANAJNUtRhLNfq
然後將各類原材料運返去歐洲加工賺錢275Please respect copyright.PENANA8G0wMifVIA
再用啲錢嚟請人買武器去非洲捉更多嘅黑鬼275Please respect copyright.PENANAznpN39u02e
西班牙同葡萄牙開始賺取佢地以往無法想像嘅錢275Please respect copyright.PENANAV8gpDreeHP
英國、法國、荷蘭、瑞典等等傳統同新興強國275Please respect copyright.PENANA0p92C5YRKE
見到咁好賺就梗係叉隻腳埋嚟啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAdQsEIr7mJo
隨住呢種名為“三角貿易”嘅經濟模式盛行275Please respect copyright.PENANAA0g3a133Xd
各國加速佔據非洲沿岸嘅各個河口海灣275Please respect copyright.PENANANcW7vPf5tZ
務求搶奪更多嘅黑奴275Please respect copyright.PENANAaN6v7sEqvU
由此激發各國投入人力物力275Please respect copyright.PENANA0WbrSbVgdW
研究更先進更精密嘅航海儀器275Please respect copyright.PENANA8GADSnbto8
製造更多更大更快武裝更強嘅船275Please respect copyright.PENANAHnIWQ8AFsu
西方科技自始得到長足嘅發展275Please respect copyright.PENANALC9ejgy0VM
天文學、機械工程、物流、金融等等等等275Please respect copyright.PENANA1xkUxHIfWa
如果文藝復興係人類脫離愚昧嘅開端嘅話275Please respect copyright.PENANAQ6UbAg64Ih
咁壯闊波瀾嘅“大航海時代”就係現代文明嘅奠基石喇
三角貿易275Please respect copyright.PENANAeNXtINCjLp
250年間有超過兩千萬黑鬼運咗去美洲275Please respect copyright.PENANA9spdqs8dDr為日後BLM埋下伏線
睇到呢度275Please respect copyright.PENANA48NNjBytvK
相信各位聰明嘅小朋友都會有個疑問:275Please respect copyright.PENANATBVIcpEr3G
乜非洲冇地畀佢地種嘢咩?275Please respect copyright.PENANA8JfYEUFciV
做乜嗰時啲歐洲佬咁撚笨柒275Please respect copyright.PENANAlphuRhkF8F
要山長水遠由非洲運啲黑鬼過美洲呀275Please respect copyright.PENANA9qhRucUQaW
呢樣正正就係今集要講嘅嘢275Please respect copyright.PENANAzkRNvbd4SS
歷史係由一連串唔相關嘅偶然所組成275Please respect copyright.PENANAtAZNinOMPs
而家就講講喺17世紀一場教宗選舉275Please respect copyright.PENANA4LvDh4HijT
同一個喺南美安第斯山脈雨林嘅科學發現275Please respect copyright.PENANAVUOl0HYYLH
係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴
1623年7月8號教宗額我略十五世病逝享年69歲275Please respect copyright.PENANA9jEwT9TRju
哦唔緊要咁咪選過個囉275Please respect copyright.PENANAzOkL5UWolp
於是由54個樞機組成嘅樞機團275Please respect copyright.PENANA4wFnCJ3oXf
喺7月16號舉行教宗選舉秘密會議275Please respect copyright.PENANAdDVLnhqMiy
準備選出新教宗喇275Please respect copyright.PENANAYxYNPC1re4
大公教樞機團選老坐示意圖275Please respect copyright.PENANAcQ7waXJuhG
自16世紀起275Please respect copyright.PENANA8nj3nak2JR
呢個小圈子選舉275Please respect copyright.PENANAgsyjyvTR1r
就畀波旁同哈布斯堡呢兩個大公教勢力操控275Please respect copyright.PENANAGhEz452nAd
啲樞機會根據自己家族嘅利益275Please respect copyright.PENANAOKDRrMOG4V
大致分為親法國同親西班牙兩大陣營275Please respect copyright.PENANAzSLokiVciz
每次選辦事人時都會拗得面紅耳赤275Please respect copyright.PENANAb7JHKGcU8X
有時仲會大打出手275Please respect copyright.PENANA6sLmZ2IFcG
好似1605年3月嗰次275Please respect copyright.PENANAZ3mCMtepbA
就有個樞機開會時畀人開拖打斷咗幾條骨275Please respect copyright.PENANA29id4jOcBu
今次個競爭一樣係咁激烈275Please respect copyright.PENANAVrsOgfyurm
不過呢個唔係今集重點275Please respect copyright.PENANAuiSyqWhWcW
所以就唔花太多篇幅去講喇275Please respect copyright.PENANA2Bjc0YAAVX
我直接講個結果:275Please respect copyright.PENANA51N8kdr4k4
半死嘅馬費奧·巴貝里尼當選為第235任教宗275Please respect copyright.PENANA50ry8asaVG
法號伍朋八世275Please respect copyright.PENANAYc5i1V1D62
而成場選舉最後死咗8個樞機同30個神職人員275Please respect copyright.PENANAhLv5Br1Pdz
…275Please respect copyright.PENANAFlbZrvjLtH
..275Please respect copyright.PENANAAqW6bw0zf0
.275Please respect copyright.PENANAqccT6r9nzu
開個會啫唔使死吓嘛???275Please respect copyright.PENANAjtUEjgHopE
咩事搞到咁大壇呀?
伍朋八世
班老嘢就梗係唔係玩往死裏打咁激動啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAYqr9ITI2Pi
佢地其實係病死嘅275Please respect copyright.PENANAlgDqXL5pwR
喺呢度要教大家一個中世紀意大利名詞
"Mal'Aria"
直譯就係"bad air""腐敗嘅空氣"275Please respect copyright.PENANAJwvhmBB7wz
即係現代所講嘅"瘧疾(Malaria)"喇275Please respect copyright.PENANAmhsISwmhrO
舊時啲人唔知瘧疾係由蚊傳播275Please respect copyright.PENANAzPcNXSnJCR
佢地只係知每當天氣熱時275Please respect copyright.PENANAeqYhR5mFiO
沼澤腐爛動植物嘅氣味275Please respect copyright.PENANADUZeVukqgV
係會令人發燒同病死275Please respect copyright.PENANALk2S58y4LP
呢個就係"Malaria"呢個字嘅由來喇
中國古籍記載喺嶺南雲貴川地區嘅"瘴氣"其實都係指瘧疾275Please respect copyright.PENANAI7eY1zDi0q
呢個係唔同文化嘅人觀察自然現象有共通之處嘅其中一個例子
自古羅馬帝國喺布匿戰爭消滅北非嘅迦太基後275Please respect copyright.PENANA17U8zoeS4e
羅馬士兵就將迦太基城入面嘅金銀財寶男女戰俘275Please respect copyright.PENANAhGyGYx4g1H
以及戰俘身體入面嘅瘧疾病原體275Please respect copyright.PENANAaI5SBYAlYM
帶返去羅馬本土喇275Please respect copyright.PENANA6hKE9rw9wr
羅馬城本身係建築喺台伯河嘅沼澤地帶275Please respect copyright.PENANAra4jazuuUF
帶有瘧疾嘅蚊正好喺呢啲地方大量繁殖275Please respect copyright.PENANAOtucy9Fyz6
再經羅馬帝國發達嘅公路網傳遍歐洲各地275Please respect copyright.PENANAXzOhMOm4s8
自此瘧疾就好似迦太基亡靈施加喺羅馬嘅詛咒一樣275Please respect copyright.PENANAltaPPnFbhS
每年夏天炎熱潮濕時275Please respect copyright.PENANARrLUfieBOz
呢個持續上千年嘅詛咒都會出嚟索命275Please respect copyright.PENANAl3af0ywtUP
額我略十五世唔遲唔早275Please respect copyright.PENANAYbcLoUq8tu
啱啱好就喺羅馬城最熱最潮濕嘅季節釘蓋275Please respect copyright.PENANASk0nKwRiy0
今次算班樞機唔好彩喇275Please respect copyright.PENANAIKNElMhKw7
同樣中招病到半死嘅伍朋八世275Please respect copyright.PENANAQHBGGNmG9p
見到咁多同佢一樣本身位高權重嘅樞機蒙主寵召275Please respect copyright.PENANAB6VN60mj8k
梗係嚇到鼻哥窿都冇肉啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAND2SS2MTmd
佢下令要根治呢種沼澤毒氣所引發嘅疾病275Please respect copyright.PENANAo2qaWLCmov
咁嗰時計呢隻嘢都已經成千年歷史275Please respect copyright.PENANAg0VAGpMfCi
當然唔會係阿教宗話要根治就根治到啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAb3Oczyl4i4
中世紀時啲醫生醫瘧疾275Please respect copyright.PENANAnqyHbKzAqd
都係用好似放血呀截肢呀呢啲聽落似酷刑多啲嘅方法275Please respect copyright.PENANAUJdMNxBs4G
真係唔醫好過醫275Please respect copyright.PENANA4KTdOFkXfu
不過喺呢個大航海時代275Please respect copyright.PENANAAFg6MSkWDI
的確提供咗更多更好嘅可能性畀佢275Please respect copyright.PENANAuqtBVAzTon
16世紀起275Please respect copyright.PENANAr0lcV77BxF
耶穌會嘅傳教士跟隨住西班牙同葡萄牙嘅艦隊275Please respect copyright.PENANAXOBubGsZGc
去到美洲﹑非洲以至亞洲275Please respect copyright.PENANAJE08WbdCIb
大量教廷嘅爪牙深入各地擴張教廷嘅影響力傳播上帝嘅愛275Please respect copyright.PENANARObuFj8Do5
呢啲傳教士並唔係普通嘅人275Please respect copyright.PENANAraxlgnno8G
嗰時嘅神學同而家嘅醫科﹑精算一樣275Please respect copyright.PENANAIRVVhfzhpj
都係最炙手可熱嘅科目275Please respect copyright.PENANA2wGg4h7Dw2
讀得嘅都係社會上最精英嗰批人材275Please respect copyright.PENANAtHxRAYvFod
派得出去傳教嘅更加係精英中嘅精英275Please respect copyright.PENANAra7O17D5QX
呢啲咁聰明嘅腦袋去到世界唔同嘅角落275Please respect copyright.PENANAAPincovbrn
當然就唔會甘於淨係傳教咁簡單啦275Please respect copyright.PENANAiOjubbnVLy
佢地藉呢個機會研究唔同地方嘅風土人情275Please respect copyright.PENANAy6ykLxC2q7
地理﹑生物學﹑語言學﹑醫藥....275Please respect copyright.PENANAsN5IFxgyx9
西方嘅眼界再唔局限喺歐亞大陸275Please respect copyright.PENANAG0DIVnENRG
喺呢個地理大發現時代275Please respect copyright.PENANADi2wiRuFDR
呢啲耶撚的確佔咗一個相當重要嘅位置275Please respect copyright.PENANAzXwpdXlVkl
呢個故事嘅主要成份275Please respect copyright.PENANA6LN3118EeD
就係由呢班耶撚所發現㗎喇
間返返去十七世紀初275Please respect copyright.PENANAYA1VEJ0KIi
地點係秘魯總督區嘅首府利馬275Please respect copyright.PENANAdthxgxaEfd
自1535年西班牙佬征服呢度嘅印加人後275Please respect copyright.PENANAbmwtZE8P0t
呢塊位處於安第斯山脈同太平洋之間嘅沃土275Please respect copyright.PENANAeL1OudeXvL
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就唔同咁講喇275Please respect copyright.PENANAusTtf3PrBb
要班盲字都唔識多隻嘅大兵275Please respect copyright.PENANAPLpcLDK59T
每日食啲苦到可以當催吐劑嘅藥粉275Please respect copyright.PENANAH2tToWo2Cm
去“預防”一種佢地未經歷過嘅疾病275Please respect copyright.PENANA09fsZUy8db
服從性有幾高可想而知275Please respect copyright.PENANA8u1NJs6CWH
雖然中咗瘧疾都會有藥醫275Please respect copyright.PENANAmtFTj5SfJw
不過成個殖民地枕住有一堆士兵臥病在床嘅話275Please respect copyright.PENANAPYIIvg9KdH
咁對本身已經好甘嘅殖民地維護開支嚟講275Please respect copyright.PENANApoqOjNDGEL
無疑係甘上加甘275Please respect copyright.PENANASqNM9RyaRh
要知道各國喺瘧疾預防上可謂大灑金錢275Please respect copyright.PENANArQmGyPtQFH
例如英國每年就使咗超過£60,000275Please respect copyright.PENANAL0X0FImCoX
即係折合現時大概七千幾萬港紙喺預防性奎寧配給度275Please respect copyright.PENANAGaM0R4OIAE
錢就使咗效果又冇275Please respect copyright.PENANAjYF5s4WOGc
咁點搞?275Please respect copyright.PENANAu36iaRqf5q
“嗚...條女冇咗lu...”275Please respect copyright.PENANA5clW6zx4em
法國“勸喻”殖民地士兵每日服用奎寧嘅海報
英國人喺印度搵到答案275Please respect copyright.PENANArE2KwA3CLU
作為糖嘅發源地275Please respect copyright.PENANAbofd6BkHc4
印度人用糖嘅程度超乎常人想像275Please respect copyright.PENANABR2tKKqAmc
(食過印度甜品都會知點解)
喺1850年左右275Please respect copyright.PENANAyzOlhYmzGo
英國東印度公司駐孟買嘅軍官275Please respect copyright.PENANACmzfGFP0Dt
開始流行一種服用奎寧嘅方法:275Please respect copyright.PENANAYTVDRRk8dE
佢地將每日配給到嘅奎寧275Please respect copyright.PENANA1NCwFDYWqE
溶入高濃度糖水275Please respect copyright.PENANAlMoU5oGAu7
再加啲檸檬汁同檸檬皮275Please respect copyright.PENANANnOsnvDF6k
製成風味獨特嘅奎寧糖漿275Please respect copyright.PENANAlrho8wUH5K
將呢啲糖漿稀釋成合適嘅甜度275Please respect copyright.PENANAUFOjK0wK7M
就成為現今湯力水(Tonic water)嘅雛形喇275Please respect copyright.PENANABdi25kZjY2
啲軍官再進一步275Please respect copyright.PENANAYYbHP2Bm50
用呢啲湯力水勾兌當時平到可以當水飲嘅氈酒275Please respect copyright.PENANAJ51HM3PpY9
一款苦中帶甜、清新爽口嘅雞尾酒就誕生喇
275Please respect copyright.PENANA8MKHvfH0ge
用氈酒嚟溝湯力水可以話係神來之筆275Please respect copyright.PENANAktBnvJNtbz
法國人曾經試過用紅酒275Please respect copyright.PENANA6OCiL10xyF
不過溝出嚟嘅味道好怪275Please respect copyright.PENANAsLTlNyimv4
只係似加咗糖而帶強烈苦澀味嘅藥水275Please respect copyright.PENANAeLollYBQpB
味道完全唔融和275Please respect copyright.PENANAPG60vmUqWo
而平價嘅氈酒出奇地掩蓋到奎寧嘅苦味275Please respect copyright.PENANApgCn2gD8A2
後來研究發現275Please respect copyright.PENANA4fxDciDrTR
原來係氈酒入面杜松子嘅成份275Please respect copyright.PENANAfkoFxWrAEN
同奎寧結合成聚合體275Please respect copyright.PENANAvyUU4CWSQo
大幅改變奎寧嘅味道275Please respect copyright.PENANAcE246lLlj6
呢個偶然嘅發現275Please respect copyright.PENANAnKiQt7loqz
都可以當做呢篇非洲血淚史嘅一個小小嘅註腳嘅
呢款充滿異國風情、被稱為“Gin & Tonic”嘅雞尾酒即時大受歡迎275Please respect copyright.PENANAYMTgxateFA
佢嘅配方通過水手同退役歸國嘅官兵275Please respect copyright.PENANAWup1oDcef1
傳遍各殖民地以至歐陸各國嘅酒吧275Please respect copyright.PENANAKdgZzfNlpG
一時間奎寧就由難以下嚥嘅苦藥275Please respect copyright.PENANA0Lxl0i1OCW
變成社交場合必備嘅飲品275Please respect copyright.PENANA54fBzTeXuu
湯力水受歡迎嘅程度275Please respect copyright.PENANAz0rrcfzDHq
甚至開始有公司改良同製作商業產品275Please respect copyright.PENANA1g16Y0nGef
好似發明樽裝梳打水嘅Schweppes(玉泉)275Please respect copyright.PENANADe8O25q2IV
就喺1870年將奎寧糖漿加入樽裝梳打水275Please respect copyright.PENANARJY2beCcVL
成為方便攜帶飲用嘅有汽湯力水275Please respect copyright.PENANAcFGJoW9p3k
唔同時期嘅Schweppes湯力水樽
奎寧的確拯救咗好多英國以至歐洲人嘅命275Please respect copyright.PENANABlshg7BbJo
例如喺1875年275Please respect copyright.PENANAAbtx2nqlXn
英軍喺塞拉利昂嘅死亡率275Please respect copyright.PENANASAzLUZo59M
已經跌到去1.5%275Please respect copyright.PENANAvksWPluRAS
不過正所謂每個銀仔都有兩面275Please respect copyright.PENANA50DP1sfwSK
下集會講吓275Please respect copyright.PENANAtujU4TpvoI
呢隻邱吉爾口中所講救人無數嘅聖藥275Please respect copyright.PENANAS1SJh1wWSg
係點樣改寫無數非洲人嘅命運275Please respect copyright.PENANAlXCR798MkM275Please respect copyright.PENANADzm1fOs71N