牛津大學新冠病毒疫苗測試者確診染病437Please respect copyright.PENANAWsqarpqFuN
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Source:https://news.now.com/mobile/international/player?newsId=408639437Please respect copyright.PENANALRtkUDP4el
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【Now新聞台】英國一名參與牛津大學及阿斯利康藥廠新冠病毒疫苗測試的護士感染新冠病毒。437Please respect copyright.PENANAwL2UuZwndy
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來自西班牙的龐斯是英國設菲爾德一間醫院的護士,早前參與牛津大學及阿斯利康新冠病毒疫苗第三期試驗。他指自己日前出現鼻塞及頭痛,接受新冠病毒檢測後證實確診,現時在住所自我隔離。437Please respect copyright.PENANAIjrxiDUjdz
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龐斯並不知道自己在試驗中是注射了疫苗還是安慰劑,但他指如果自己是注射了疫苗,希望有助證明疫苗是否有效。437Please respect copyright.PENANAk59sxt6diC
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疫苗第三期試驗的目標,是為了驗證疫苗的功效。437Please respect copyright.PENANALOM1CC6yEb
牛津疫苗在不同國家進行第三期試驗,目標是找出一次式疫苗還是前後注射兩劑的疫苗,能夠在安全及功效中取得平衡。437Please respect copyright.PENANAAGvs2Ewef7
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依據公開資料(Ref1,2)指出,牛津疫苗其中一項的臨床研究會招來約三萬名受訪者,再隨機分成不同組別,分別注射疫苗及安慰劑。437Please respect copyright.PENANAeWjdNYG2zu
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負責注射疫苗的人士,以及接受注射的試驗者,雙方亦不會知道究竟所注射的是安慰劑還是疫苗,亦即是俗稱的雙盲(Double-Blind),以免會出現偏頗的情況發生。437Please respect copyright.PENANA1eUHQVQoIf
當到達數據數量充足的時候,報告分析時自當然會揭曉受訪者所注射的究竟是何物。437Please respect copyright.PENANAlpEtbq8Mmm
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那何謂數據數量充足的時候呢?437Please respect copyright.PENANAiZ9dRncxUC
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根據FDA的指引,如果疫苗能夠阻截50%注射疫苗的人士出現武肺病相關病徵,便可以稱為有效。437Please respect copyright.PENANAHUetGkudlR
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所以,用「黑心」的角度去想,該護士受到武肺感染是一件好事,能加快第三期試驗報告完成的速度;因為試驗者沒有出現病徵的話,永遠也不會得到疫苗能否預防的數據。437Please respect copyright.PENANA3XlUj9hxZO
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而牛津疫苗是否能有效阻截武肺,當然就不能從這件事件上得出答案。437Please respect copyright.PENANAmLTwWmpjEI
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另一方面,疫苗只有50%效率的話,能否完全阻截武肺傳播當然成疑。437Please respect copyright.PENANAGoLaiPgYHl
有疫苗公司希望能把目標提升至60%,亦有人認為80%才能夠有效阻截武肺傳播。437Please respect copyright.PENANAXlYwm8imIZ
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在這角度上,單靠依賴疫苗是不切實際的,還需要快速檢測、人造抗體、口罩佩戴及保持個人衛生等各方面的配合才有機會斷絕這個中國為世界帶來的禮物。437Please respect copyright.PENANAMFx8fb7kYS
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Ref1:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04516746437Please respect copyright.PENANAwMdyjMfT3L
Ref2:http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89951424