科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–改變ABO血型

血型有很多種分類方法，較為最用的是ABO血型及Rh+-方法，原因是這兩種方法尤其是ABO血型方面出現不配合情況的話，將會引起實際上的醫學負面效果。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWZThm2aDYT
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxVxfsyIve5
而其他類型血型分辨方式得出的結果就算有所不吻合，也不會釀成重大或可見的醫學問題。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtU9nIKs9aI
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjpqu6SPPWt
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRChWsPn0fi
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDxkak1qtL8
（圖1）ABO血型的界定，取決於紅血球上的表面糖份組織結構，而每個紅血球的表面則接近有差唔多一百萬份這些糖份組織結構。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwwCyQ7LnfK
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnrKN4cwk7c
除紅血球外，身體器官各細胞也擁有這些ABO糖份組織，所以在器官移植領域上亦相當重視ABO的吻合度。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhxTc7bm7zK
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTBAlfsn9a8
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgPUZjIYCTN
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡISYKQHIsyx
（圖2）我們體內產生的抗體，將會用來對抗外來品種的紅血球。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZciukj93k0
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdnZeUNuEwr
O型血的人體內會產生出對抗A及B型糖份結構的抗體，摧毀對應的紅血球功能，因此沒法接收A、B或者AB血型的血液。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlbsRldSEm8
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBc829Iybm9
有一點值得注意的是，無論任何血型的血液也好，我們體內均沒有對抗O血型糖份結構的抗體。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9OW7T4NsPE
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3DE4QfT4pP
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjID8ZDHcly

660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv0evuu40iD
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY6zPgG21JA
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡze0VWiiAjO
（圖3）正因為沒有O型抗體這回事，若然利用蛋白酶改變紅血球表面的糖份組織結構，就能夠統一將所有血型O型化，簡化思考抗體排斥的問題。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAs6Zk6hMcI
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI6tiIhdCtr
這是不少科學家一直在研究的問題，事實上早在80年代已成功把B型血轉化成為O型血，但所需的功夫並不符合成本效益。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLo2CYZrLpM
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5hVAGxnGhx
現時科學家們已逐步找出合適及有效率的蛋白酶能夠轉化各血型為O血型（Ref1)，若能夠在學界及醫學界裡取得共識的話，將會在器官移植方面尤其有用，大幅度減免各種不理想的排斥反應。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ78Ahoimvs4
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoDqQMzForM
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxR6nDWLvDW
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSj1FYoVwx0
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmZxw9syeHd
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZsQKYpWqoy
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjej1evehSp
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYAecd9pNyT
Link:660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdiJ11rLajZ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ70BlLDQIwO
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZvaWKCTxOi
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgRQaJQ8z3c
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGtLnj4CWNU
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8egwabYy78
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNbu0j6Hp9x
660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7noGmX1uSn
Ref1: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6956546/660Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMW1eVlp3fA

ns216.73.216.113da2

Reading Theme:

Font Size:

Line Spacing:

Paragraph Spacing:

Load the next issue automatically