科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–老鼠及兔仔會否流汗？

人、狗、鼠、兔均是恆溫動物，意思即是他們需要動用從新陳代謝中所獲取的能量來保持恆常體溫。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYHq41B54WB
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在炎熱的天氣下，人及狗均能依靠流汗及喘氣作散熱的手段。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV5JKkPHcY1
但鼠及兔皮下並沒有汗腺的關係，牠們沒有流汗的能力，同時亦沒有喘氣的習性。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTzd10idnsB
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（圖2）在行為方面，鼠及兔只好依靠躲藏或擺出不同的身體姿勢作散溫或保暖用途。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrxFDqXenV9
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生理方面，鼠及兔能透過豎毛(Piloerection)，亦即是毛管戙來阻隔寒氣入侵，又或是擴張血管(Vasodilation)來加快散熱效能。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDxriVBRui0
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（圖3）老鼠的尾巴約佔全身皮膚面積5%左右，但約17%的體溫調節功能均是透過尾巴的血管擴張及收縮來控制。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFIuDjKZ7aZ
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至於兔仔的耳廓(Auricle)，其表面的血管亦跟老鼠尾巴帶有著調節溫度的功能。609Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKG2bMSegf8
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