科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–點解瘦削運動員都能夠跑畢馬拉松全程？

在長時間的運動下，脂肪會為身體帶來能源，支撐身體肌肉所需。馬拉松全程為42.195km，脂肪所提供的能源協助絕對不可或缺。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCcNeVjcd3P
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在這個前題下，為何為數不少的瘦削運動員都可以足夠應付長距離的馬拉松呢?978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv54HT09zIM
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（圖2）在此，我們嘗試一下利用數學角度，以卡路里的消耗量探討這一個問題。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlfEPKOPxoN
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有研究確認(Ref1,2)，身體消耗的卡路里是與行走總距離有關，而非行走速度。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyD2RaJyE2X
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他們最終得出的公式為每1kg行走1km平地就會消耗1卡路里。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsMKIsJEXAw
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如果我們假設1個70kg的男人跑一場馬拉松，所消耗的總卡路里就會為978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVzzC49shyX
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70kg x 42.195km=978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡauc5jO3uxN
2950kcal978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdPqGeG9F53
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（圖3）身體的脂肪每克約可以提供9kcal，如果我們用上最極端的例子，負責儲存能源的體脂只佔身體重量2% (正常為10-32%)的話，所提供得到的能源就會是978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3Cwuq1MUZd
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70kg x 1000 x 2% x 9978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8yKzIlyy20
=12600 kcal978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡccNspJWDtc
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而基於每場馬拉松所消耗的卡路里僅為2950kcal關係，12600/2950 = 4.27，單憑身體脂肪所提供的能源，就足以應付4場馬拉松!978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8LYBMqGO7Y
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這個跑4次馬拉松的結果是以極低（儲存能量用的體脂2%）這個極端例子作計算，可以推算得到正常人的話絕對是遊刃有餘跑1場馬拉松；978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNPGe9ncX8N
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此計算方式是假設整場馬拉松是平地鋪設，沒有高低鈄坡。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1Not2EllJ2
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（圖4）不過，魔鬼在細節，這集反應熱烈的話，下一集將會探討這個計算方式的漏洞以及馬拉松選手經常會遇到所謂Hit The Wall的問題。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLGMH1RGSBR
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe4GeSbpCM4
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡALjEyAZ6il
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJAAtIfuqre
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTX9uOkLCXi
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVrrpc0crRz
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Ref1:https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/jappl.1963.18.2.367978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz6N3NpRHwd
Ref2:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1859586/978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoA5arm5kHv