科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–點解瘦削運動員都能夠跑畢馬拉松全程？

在長時間的運動下，脂肪會為身體帶來能源，支撐身體肌肉所需。馬拉松全程為42.195km，脂肪所提供的能源協助絕對不可或缺。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYGj5Ia3icD
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在這個前題下，為何為數不少的瘦削運動員都可以足夠應付長距離的馬拉松呢?1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWke4Z68NZQ
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（圖2）在此，我們嘗試一下利用數學角度，以卡路里的消耗量探討這一個問題。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4oFoy5fnT
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有研究確認(Ref1,2)，身體消耗的卡路里是與行走總距離有關，而非行走速度。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡytDogq6Ts4
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他們最終得出的公式為每1kg行走1km平地就會消耗1卡路里。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpYq3fkl0K6
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如果我們假設1個70kg的男人跑一場馬拉松，所消耗的總卡路里就會為1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzQO7Ge9mWl
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70kg x 42.195km=1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡelVpoXDtl7
2950kcal1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyT6n7juBwC
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（圖3）身體的脂肪每克約可以提供9kcal，如果我們用上最極端的例子，負責儲存能源的體脂只佔身體重量2% (正常為10-32%)的話，所提供得到的能源就會是1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWlSHJVxMTm
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70kg x 1000 x 2% x 91273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxecrAHbFfQ
=12600 kcal1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIj5rUSzpv8
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而基於每場馬拉松所消耗的卡路里僅為2950kcal關係，12600/2950 = 4.27，單憑身體脂肪所提供的能源，就足以應付4場馬拉松!1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwpMX8NLnD9
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這個跑4次馬拉松的結果是以極低（儲存能量用的體脂2%）這個極端例子作計算，可以推算得到正常人的話絕對是遊刃有餘跑1場馬拉松；1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu1wMvBf9vg
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此計算方式是假設整場馬拉松是平地鋪設，沒有高低鈄坡。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4Enj4cRaQy
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（圖4）不過，魔鬼在細節，這集反應熱烈的話，下一集將會探討這個計算方式的漏洞以及馬拉松選手經常會遇到所謂Hit The Wall的問題。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeOD6iL6l5F
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5FyqtXLEwu
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTSV6XDWhuu
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOgLEQAPGuT
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Ref1:https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/jappl.1963.18.2.3671273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIq8uAjUaU9
Ref2:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1859586/1273Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm5kKqnuCEE