科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–在沙漠生活的雀鳥

（前排生病，測試咗唔係武肺。現在正常更番。)440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdYXJjE4VVE
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沙漠經常被描繪成為鳥不生蛋的地方。雖有不少動物均會採取夜行性方針躲避有機會超過50度高溫的日間環境。但現實上仍有選擇在日間行動的沙漠雀鳥。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuy92yrNf3d
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(圖2)有資料顯示，居住在沙漠的雀鳥，每天有數小時可以維持自己體溫低於外間溫度10-20度左右。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsT28HVELOB
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而斑胸草雀是其中一種能適應沙漠氣溫的雀鳥，有研究發現，牠們在高溫下會發出獨特快速節奏的高音叫聲，下稱「熱叫」。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSaAo6078Od
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研究人員找來44隻斑胸草雀，其中有32隻(73%)會遇熱時會發出熱叫。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRr2sUie9Nu
如圖中所示，隨著溫度逐漸提升，喘氣所佔用的時間開始增加。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr1S70XVhYw
而當溫度達40度的時候，雀鳥們會開始熱叫。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP1yqvDNcme
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(圖3)不懂熱叫的雀仔，在42度的時候開始出現失去平衝等不適狀態，實驗立即停止。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiglMruITZp
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而會熱叫的雀仔，有部份能44度支撐20分鐘有多。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJQJrh1rJao
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有部分雀鳥會透過gular flutter來抵禦高溫，如下面影片一樣，雀鳥會透過振盪來讓熱空氣與內裡濕潤的內壁環境接觸，熱空氣會蒸發內壁環境的水滴（水滴的能量會轉移到空氣中，因此水滴的溫度會降低），因而盡量減低身體溫度。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw6apeofaP3
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NggVoJ7mOos440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHEwNLAJJoH
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但並不是所有雀鳥也能這樣做，至少班胸雀鳥沒有這功能。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0C12J2xI2O
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或計熱叫就是牠們發展出的一種散熱方式，可能原理非常接近，但還需進一步的確認。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTQuzFhf6a8
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至少，懂得熱叫的雀鳥也較抵禦高溫。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTzd8n2jx37
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡebLVI6tzg2
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcycfxav00n
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkMCSVnrihP
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-75909-6440Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7QSjKdyMvL

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