科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–黃金葡萄球菌的「黃金」

黃金葡萄球菌這字眼，周不時亦會在新聞媒體聽得到。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw2XyqxzPsT
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡca4tZM4X5H
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsKDHsmqbxk
它之所以被冠以黃金這稱號，是因為它能夠製造大量金黃色的葡萄球菌黃素 (Staphyloxanthin)，以及微量黃色化合物4,4‘-Diaponeurosporene。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBDxxw6ulHg
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9CFGNYgA9d
（圖2）當細菌入侵腸道的時候，我們的腸道內壁細胞及前來救駕的免疫細胞會釋出微量雙氧水等的游離基(Reactive oxygen species)，對細菌進行攻擊。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrrHF4EBFCf
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ7pyL7kqMA
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8OTbLQlTRF
但黃金葡萄球菌的金黃色葡萄球菌黃素及另外那種黃色化學物正是能夠中和游離基攻擊的色素，因此免疫系統所產生的游離基攻擊對它傷害不大。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrFBNcqooKT
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5FRM42x7gJ
然而，如果刪去製作色素的蛋白酶，「黃金」葡萄球菌失去抵擋游離基的手段，對宿主的感染力亦因而大大減低。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAKgYOWlVBq
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4qzrNH1Sx
（圖3）同時間，若將負責製造黃色色素的蛋白酶從黃金葡萄球菌轉移到另一款葡萄球菌，獲得了色素製作能力的它在老鼠身上所造成的感染傷害亦更之為強，引證色素對於細菌感染力的重要性。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFAth8A1lI0
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkdbOpEI3JM
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGDnpJYQZsw
（圖4）再舉另外一道例子，Cryptococcus neoformans是一種真菌(fungus)，790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtD3BmlbREh
它能夠製作黑色素(Melanin)，亦即是上集所談及決定髮膚眼色的色素。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXpniZqK2ik
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuMGJqelEuk
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB5ibLvMXaR
黑色素除了跟金黃色葡萄球菌黃素一樣能夠抵擋游離基的攻擊外，其本身帶有負極的性質更能與兩隻帶有正極的常用抗真菌素(amphotericin B 及 caspofungin)結合，大大削弱藥物傷害真菌的能力。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIiBfTtTy18
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Zbxs7csFb
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2o3uLKe1wO
延伸閱讀:790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMhs2x9q23M
深入淺出–從深海生物中發掘出抗真菌藥物790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi3KRcdL6M7
- 分享自 LIHKG 討論區790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFZ54l9A5hb
https://lih.kg/2296185790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxJpct3hWoj
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzItxWJuEAb
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmkAg3L6QTA
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgjy4p4NQtv
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSkrlkXHBOo
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiBPTYVvZsN
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡafmNDPZ0vs
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeMoeHX7sWq
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe6SHgTlMJg
Link:790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt9od3YTLE7
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS8G1vZQMYp
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqAmkBXmu8u
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxWTxOoiW5k
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account，否則我的IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrLgiDtgQsZ
790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡomcfvx8aB9
Ref1:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743764/790Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxyCbKV9oC1

ns216.73.216.237da2

介面主題:

字體大小:

行距:

段距:

自動加載下一章