科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–流感疫苗的重要發展

季節性流感造成全球每年約290,000-650,000人的死亡。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmwT7rgRpmj
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流感病毒接近每年均會出現變種，基於現時並無統一疫苗對抗各品種，所以很多時候在翌年便要轉換對應的疫苗。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzwMAeBN8Xh
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(圖2)流感病毒外部、名為HA的部份，將主宰病毒能否進入人體細胞裡頭。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡodLyM0QOBu
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流感病毒的變異較常出現在頭部位置(Head)，而現時疫苗的設計亦主要針對HA的頭部位置。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTksi2TXFxA
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其目標是希望人們注射疫苗後，體內會產生對應HA頭部位置的抗體，阻止病毒進入人體細胞繼而作惡。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmU9zwKEkPl
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(圖3)另一方面來想，流感病毒變種就如不同顏色的花朵一樣。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrMCEiylRmT
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雖然花朵各有不同，但莖部位置則大同小異。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7lK2Ko4AFD
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(圖4)基於Stalk位置(花朵莖部位置)的變異成數較細，現時科學家正研發針對Stalk位置的疫苗(Ref1)，希望可以透過一款疫苗對抗多款流感變種。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh9rEi6tDAa
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這類型的疫苗現時已進入Phase1狀態，人體試驗找來了51名人士，注射疫苗後體內亦得出相應的大量抗體。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqFx5rhTQe3
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而日後所進行的人體試驗，將會能夠獲取資料測量疫苗能否達到預防流感之效。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8jEJfrTfir
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若安全性、效率等等均達到合理水平的話，將來不但之可以不用經常轉換疫苗款式，亦能大大減低疫苗與當下流感款式不吻合的機會，皆大歡喜。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq50YpCCoju
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUweShNGzoM
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbAqtEG0fnM
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXBHrFO55us
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Link:799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrby0Wi5kHa
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ16RVGzGK75
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLykGcnrp3F
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https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhlBb3DAGPI
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1118-7799Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp6dSaYaDD1

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