科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–低卡路餐單對化療的影響

隨著針對癌細胞新陳代謝的研究逐漸倍增，配合飲食來醫治癌症這方面亦開始得到關注。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcLBPDY4nRO
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現今有不少利用實驗室細胞及動物的研究指出，低卡路里餐單能加強化療藥物醫治癌症的效果。科學家們對此曾提出不少理論試圖解釋這現象，但現今並沒有一道能獲取大部份人共識的理論。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdCsBcfkyDs
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（圖2）有一項人體臨床研究找來129名乳癌病人（Ref1)，65人在療程中進食低卡路里餐單，而另外64人則沿用正常餐單。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdqmRlpBNmy
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奈何因為味道及食慾等問題，最終只有22人能夠忍耐低卡路里餐單4星期，13人能夠忍耐8星期整個研究進程。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqe9QT3DMqx
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正常餐單那方，亦有5名病人想在療程中途嘗試一下低卡路里餐單。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJcoTdutCFx
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（圖3）圖中為低卡路里餐單的時間表。第一日攝取的總卡路里為1200，而之後的三日則為200卡路里，以碳水化合物為主。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡidKPdEk0xL
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第四日將會進行化療，而整個週期將重覆8次。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ77vAYkNrF2
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（圖4）文中並沒有列出正常餐單的成份，但從文中結果的血液各指標中可以看得到，低卡路里餐單的病人，血液酮體含量比正常餐單的病人為高，而胰島素含量則為低。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6I7JEeXOca
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這至少證明了低卡路里餐單的病人是一直處於「飢餓」的狀態。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi20VBwmP74
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（圖5）遵從低卡路里餐單的病人，化療3小時之後，某一組別的免疫細胞所受到的DNA傷害比正常餐單的人為低，為正面的良好效果。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ynjNKY6l5
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但低卡路里餐單能否使化療效果事半功倍，還需要更多的病人數量才能得出結論。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡllxutxVHQ3
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另一方面，開發出能夠讓病人廣泛接受的低卡路里餐單，亦是一道需要關注的問題。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVeNwJccnRd
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmReL4Me3Jn
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16138-3#Sec20519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHlmKVjmvX6

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