科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–點解瘦削運動員都能夠跑畢馬拉松全程？

在長時間的運動下，脂肪會為身體帶來能源，支撐身體肌肉所需。馬拉松全程為42.195km，脂肪所提供的能源協助絕對不可或缺。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrySwO4QMxD
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在這個前題下，為何為數不少的瘦削運動員都可以足夠應付長距離的馬拉松呢?985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe89pLIoNjA
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（圖2）在此，我們嘗試一下利用數學角度，以卡路里的消耗量探討這一個問題。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyBkvbtE0Ce
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有研究確認(Ref1,2)，身體消耗的卡路里是與行走總距離有關，而非行走速度。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡORFhDYbo8O
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他們最終得出的公式為每1kg行走1km平地就會消耗1卡路里。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsuo5HXsZcv
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如果我們假設1個70kg的男人跑一場馬拉松，所消耗的總卡路里就會為985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx9ekT6Q0Xv
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70kg x 42.195km=985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTmqFl77Nnq
2950kcal985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnYVzheE2v0
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（圖3）身體的脂肪每克約可以提供9kcal，如果我們用上最極端的例子，負責儲存能源的體脂只佔身體重量2% (正常為10-32%)的話，所提供得到的能源就會是985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ63PERy4PVS
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70kg x 1000 x 2% x 9985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbTHRRvSbO0
=12600 kcal985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiA1ivd5e25
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而基於每場馬拉松所消耗的卡路里僅為2950kcal關係，12600/2950 = 4.27，單憑身體脂肪所提供的能源，就足以應付4場馬拉松!985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ61Mj9ab67W
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這個跑4次馬拉松的結果是以極低（儲存能量用的體脂2%）這個極端例子作計算，可以推算得到正常人的話絕對是遊刃有餘跑1場馬拉松；985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP585Osj8eU
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此計算方式是假設整場馬拉松是平地鋪設，沒有高低鈄坡。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKb04hu6sSd
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（圖4）不過，魔鬼在細節，這集反應熱烈的話，下一集將會探討這個計算方式的漏洞以及馬拉松選手經常會遇到所謂Hit The Wall的問題。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT6yqBFboKv
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeR1SYvYVMU
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRx7TroPxX
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYVzwd7azkx
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Ref1:https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/jappl.1963.18.2.367985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7NsflkEpUY
Ref2:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1859586/985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzeo8JFAimW