吸煙會引致肺癌機率大幅度上升,究竟現今有沒有充分證據證明這句說話呢?370Please respect copyright.PENANA6R28FeK5LC
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(圖2)講述之前,我們快速了解一下癌症形成的概論。370Please respect copyright.PENANA8hRFqdsskK
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正常的細胞,裡頭擁有一系列的機制控制生長速度,確保不會出現無止境繁殖的局面。370Please respect copyright.PENANApj3mcCSoWA
而當正常細胞的DNA發生異變的時候,大致上會迎來四個結局。370Please respect copyright.PENANAq1T1Nhm5hL
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通常情況下,細胞會立刻修復DNA的變異,使變異細胞回復成為正常細胞。370Please respect copyright.PENANAQ3LmIjTtNl
若果DNA修復機制失效的話,免疫細胞會辨認變異細胞為外來之物,將其殲滅以免遺禍人間。370Please respect copyright.PENANAlAs6ly8XlG
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而如果修復DNA機制及免疫系統同時失效的話,便會有兩種可能性的發生。370Please respect copyright.PENANAO5WEvGA4q0
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假若異變DNA原本的工作是負責控制生長速度、而其變異導致自身功用失效的話,細胞便有機會不受控地自我繁殖,形成腫瘤。370Please respect copyright.PENANAl4eTu5JsZs
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而如果異變DNA對發展癌細胞方面沒有任何幫助的話,那細胞便不會發展成為癌細胞,繼續攜帶變異DNA以正常速度繁殖。370Please respect copyright.PENANAW2QxOQUBzL
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總言而之,DNA發生變異是正常細發展成為癌細胞的第一步。370Please respect copyright.PENANAbVJpHoqAhN
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(圖3)為探討吸煙對DNA變異的影響,有研究找來對應群組(3個兒童、4個非吸煙者、6個已戒煙人士、3個尚有食煙習慣的渣滓)作檢驗(Ref1),分別抽取各人的氣管細胞,以逐個細胞的方式檢驗DNA,以作DNA變異程度的觀察之用。370Please respect copyright.PENANA6LmfNUKzID
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(圖4)DNA的變異有幾種方式,如圖中所見,吸煙人士的DNA變異均比非吸煙者為多頻密。370Please respect copyright.PENANAdCPlF7y5NJ
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(圖5)而最為重要的是,吸煙人士的氣管細胞擁有更多已知會導致癌症出現的基因轉變,這一系列的資料均指出吸煙是會增加癌症出現的機會。370Please respect copyright.PENANAhdKMEfB7qw
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(圖6)當然,凡事也是有例外的!370Please respect copyright.PENANAt5kzNaM9GB
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如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。370Please respect copyright.PENANAx90fo4PeUM
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc370Please respect copyright.PENANA0ShBQrbTXP
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。370Please respect copyright.PENANAG02gRlteOH
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Link:370Please respect copyright.PENANA8RG3UtlTtP
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio370Please respect copyright.PENANAJ8OAs8Rg7q
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。370Please respect copyright.PENANAiEwoZif3GL
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-1961-1
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