科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–牙膏內為何會添加氟化物？

配合牙膏早晚刷牙能有助預防蛀牙，是眾人皆知的事情。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtoaGBhODm2
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但你又知唔知為何牙膏普遍會含有氟化物(Fluroide)? 其用意究竟何在呢？480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEOhJGmdnCi
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（圖2）牙齒的最外層就係琺瑯質(Enamel)，主要由礦物質hydroxyapatite組成。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQIPtCWOX2d
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口腔內的細菌，會從我們進食的食物中攝取糖份，並消化為乳酸，間接導致口水的pH值下降。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuQ2T8c4TJC
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當口水pH值低至5.5以下的時候，琺瑯質裡頭的礦物質便會開始被分解，而口腔細菌就會乘虛而入，造成蛀牙。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDUzEsmbfLG
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而牙膏的氟化物能有助抑壓這個酸性分解作用，同時當pH回復正常的時候，氟化物亦能幫忙建構所失去的礦物質。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd6zGRSgl6F
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氟化物還有各種不同的機制預防蛀牙，這裡只列出其中的一項。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs4r0vPqaLu
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（圖3）只不過，氟化物牙膏並不是萬能的，原因可從圖中得知。480Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXYfm0izP3K
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