科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–飲茶導致皮質醇下降的研究

茶是一種具鎮靜及提神作用的飲料，飲用者遍佈世界各地，而總茶葉生產量預計在2027年會達到三百六十萬噸。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3lnhy2s191
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有不少研究指出飲用長期綠茶有延壽及抗鬱的作用，是否百分之百真確仍有一定的爭議，而本篇文章只會側重講及一項與飲茶相關的有趣研究結果。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKPZjoFRyu2
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在講述研究結果之前，我們先行講及一下與茶葉有關的資訊。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡienUFluYBe
以淨重量作計算的話，茶葉總共有42%左右是一種名為Epigallocatechin gallate719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpOwVDpqJjy
(EGCG)的物質，而3%左右則為茶氨酸(L-Theanine)物質，兩者均能進入腦部裡頭，而其中之一的效果就是減低身體皮質醇(cortisol)含量，帶出鎮靜效果。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡryP9RQCmmv
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概括來說，長期皮質醇偏高將會招來抑鬱症狀及肥胖的產生。若反應熱烈的話，可對皮質醇作另一篇深入淺出的文章。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkkONWyogSq
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茶葉亦有5%左右為咖啡因(Caffeine)，咖啡因當樣能進入腦部，有著阻截Adenosine與神經細胞某部位結合的效果，引致神經細胞持續運作，減低睡眠感。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTegcDAfjpH
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（圖2）針對飲茶的研究多不勝數，不少亦有質量參差或帶有偏頗成份的研究。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPRHXMUcXhg
而在一份相對上具有認受性的研究中(Ref1)，文章作者找來75名18-55歲無吸煙習慣的男人，強迫他們進行為期4星期戒茶、戒咖啡及戒含咖啡因的飲品的日子，藉此調節他們身體內的咖啡因含量。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhDDTdRdAvb
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4星期過後，他們將會分成兩組，在之後的6星期每日飲下與較早前4杯同色同味的飲料，一組為指定咖啡因份量的飲品，而另一組則為指定咖啡因份量及含有茶葉成份的飲料。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6gPmG8xWZe
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（圖3）6星期過後，受訪者將會進行兩項突擊壓力測試，過程中將會量度心跳及各項不同數據。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTDGFmSoDZO
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第一項壓力測試為3分鐘拍攝演講，受訪者將會隨機被派發高壓模擬情景題，例如面對失業或被指控店內偷竊等，他們有2分鐘準備的時間，之後便要對著攝錄機進行3分鐘的演講，記錄表現。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Sl0lYQ4yg
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（圖4）而第二項的測試為Mirror Tracing，如圖中一樣對著鏡子的方式畫星星。持續5分鐘。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmUWD3CkFu7
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（圖5）是次研究中得出了不同數據，其中一項與皮質醇有關。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvPQ31rN31F
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他們發現飲茶者，口水皮質醇在高壓活動後50分鐘下跌73%左右，而沒有飲茶的組別則只下跌53%左右。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeT6IMvM5Fi
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過往亦有不少研究指出飲茶能夠有助壓力過後的紓緩，以及對心情和認知方面起上一定的正面作用。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuBTh9GE5yv
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但這正面效果究竟是茶裡的那一項或是數項成份所引致而成，內裡的相關確實機制又是如何，現今還尚未有一套能獲取較大共識的機制。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ64PIIWaD5K
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無論如何，見字飲水，得閒飲茶。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYiXh2DqdBl
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtxrN5bMalE
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoaybKhZfDd
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuMQSiVHnpN
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡON5shX0dua
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有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwXPGM5LP78
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Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17013636/719Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHjdiV6P6ZA