這系列的第一集,我們講解了PD1/PDL1的運作原理。1090Please respect copyright.PENANA9Mgkkp7Fhz
Link: https://www.penana.com/article/4711251090Please respect copyright.PENANAfkewJVROul
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAhdMcPmsBqt
第二集我們講述了CTLA4與T cell功用的關係。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAmFC8RFogTH
Link:https://www.penana.com/article/4724801090Please respect copyright.PENANA9Afkha1HBB
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAR9ymg2iblZ
1090Please respect copyright.PENANA2QbnhXUy9n
今次第三集這一篇,我們將會講述增加T cell有效抵達癌細胞所在位置的其中一種手段。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAF6pdKHF5F6
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAi3JQVElmag
(圖2)有不少種類的癌細胞會抑壓與免疫系統相關的機制(RIG-1,JAK,PKR等等),從而盡量減低T cell或免疫細胞前來自身位置的機會。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAjvAnKIB1tE
1090Please respect copyright.PENANA3g0A1inBZj
但免疫系統機制的喪失或銳弱,換來的將會是失去抵禦病毒入侵的能力。1090Please respect copyright.PENANA74CyGUB888
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAQQgOT2Tx2C
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAh89QvqYGjI
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAXos5w0IxSp
而能夠在癌細胞裡頭任意進行複製及破壞的病毒,又不會對普通細胞進行過大傷害的,我們稱它為Oncolytic virus。1090Please respect copyright.PENANA9RiPYm1gz9
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAnxZivMB4SA
這些Oncolytic virus可以是自然存在的病毒,亦可以是被基因改造過的人工病毒。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAxV47XqvBim
2006年,中國批准利用Oncolytic virus手段醫治鼻咽癌,而2015年美國FDA及歐洲EMA亦批准這種手段可以用在醫治皮膚癌之上。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAtbpPmlinsy
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAIOqbp1QkqF
(圖3)近日有科學家發表文章(Ref1),結合Oncolytic virus及免疫系統治療方式來醫治實驗室細胞及老鼠身上的癌細胞。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAaX9veciWxL
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAITjSs7cyyV
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAl1JPQuzRHD
他們利用基因改造方式製作Oncolytic virus,目的就是想細胞被病毒感染後會不斷產生沒有功用的tCD19組件。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAjbqIEWWk5z
1090Please respect copyright.PENANArRk7N3nXW3
在圖中可以清楚看得見,標記為藍色的癌細胞受到病毒感染後,會在自己外圍生產被標記為粉紅色的tCD19組件。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAYH4CbGKIt5
1090Please respect copyright.PENANA0EIYx53j4z
其後,他們製作出能夠辨認tCD19的T cell(整套技術的學術名稱為Chimeric antigen receptor T cell,這裡我們稱之為tCD19-CAR T cell),再放入老鼠身體之內。1090Please respect copyright.PENANASnFzE8FqOr
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAJyRoaItgY7
這些tCD19-CAR T cell只會辨認外圍擁有tCD19的細胞,並對其進行殲滅。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAtrgbghjnSl
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAqlRSSetP6h
因為tCD19並不自然存在普通細胞裡,所以它們只會殺滅受病毒感染的癌細胞;1090Please respect copyright.PENANASEheVaXHAy
普通健康細胞擁有健全的免疫系統相關機制,因此能夠阻止病毒在自己裡頭繁殖,亦避免了tCD19的產生。1090Please respect copyright.PENANALW55Jb2tCx
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAfAmIaR0j9D
他們在文章清楚顯示,加進Oncolytic virus及tCD19-CAR T cell後能夠有效殺滅老鼠身上的癌細胞。同時他們亦發現得到,癌細胞被殺滅後會同時釋發出病毒,而病毒亦會順之然感染附近的癌細胞,以火燒連環船的方式將tCD19散發開去。1090Please respect copyright.PENANASzr8HMr6Vo
1090Please respect copyright.PENANABz1WWB7diB
這種手段能否在人體上實際運用,還需要一系列的改進及臨床實驗才能得出結論,但無疑的是若然能夠成功配上Oncolytic Virus及CAR Tcell的組合,定必能夠加強免疫細胞鎖定癌細胞所在位置的能力,以三管齊下的方式(PD1/CLTA4/Virus-CARTCell)把癌細胞滅絕。1090Please respect copyright.PENANA0LDndpfRLE
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAynK4o5RrZ5
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAbfRLj0Wfcw
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAE0M5emnQYW
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAn6yJYXDFLe
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAMh0Om9F0hm
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAnvB0tjXm9I
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1090Please respect copyright.PENANARKpfxyg082
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAo7pbh70yCx
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAmnF9S6DG8P
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAN68UKCeu2A
Link:1090Please respect copyright.PENANAdWz3E8pLVM
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1090Please respect copyright.PENANAPENJkA7Ddp
1090Please respect copyright.PENANA6ZLjvqiQfa
1090Please respect copyright.PENANAn95OuxyUId
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1090Please respect copyright.PENANAxkabSuJhkd
1090Please respect copyright.PENANA5FSPMON8Ez
Ref1:https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/559/eaaz1863
arrow_back
科普專欄–薯不揀單
more_vert
-
info_outline Info
-
toc Table of Contents
-
share Share
-
format_color_text Display Settings
-
exposure_plus_1 Recommend
-
Sponsor
-
report_problem Report
-
account_circle Login
Search stories, writers or societies
Continue ReadingClear All
What Others Are ReadingRefresh
X
Never miss what's happening on Penana!
科普專欄–薯不揀單
Author:
薯仔聞茱莉
ISSUE #44
深入淺出–免疫治療(Immunotherapy)手段醫治癌症(3)
LIKES 5
READS 1086
BOOKMARKS 148
campaign
Request update 0
Sponsor
Login with Facebook
or Sign up/Login to comment or bookmark!
Click to load the next chapter
X
After each update request, the author will receive a notification!
smartphone100 → Request update
X
Sponsor again
Click to login
Login first to show your name as a sponsor.
Thank you for supporting the story! :)
Please Login first.
×
Write down what you like about the story
×
Reading Theme:
Font Size:
Line Spacing:
Paragraph Spacing:
Load the next issue automatically
Reset to default
×
People Who Like This