科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–改變ABO血型

血型有很多種分類方法，較為最用的是ABO血型及Rh+-方法，原因是這兩種方法尤其是ABO血型方面出現不配合情況的話，將會引起實際上的醫學負面效果。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVlqzEKYbjN
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqeVoRgpdgy
而其他類型血型分辨方式得出的結果就算有所不吻合，也不會釀成重大或可見的醫學問題。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkOIDEvzP6K
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRHDNzjdEh9
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy3xy7NFBBK
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDrTs1cQ9CR
（圖1）ABO血型的界定，取決於紅血球上的表面糖份組織結構，而每個紅血球的表面則接近有差唔多一百萬份這些糖份組織結構。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡylL0itRt2l
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkMSUrk7QuR
除紅血球外，身體器官各細胞也擁有這些ABO糖份組織，所以在器官移植領域上亦相當重視ABO的吻合度。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1GH2MuDIL9
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfVSsXtoGvo
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtIIBUkY6wC
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP3Sal1lCiV
（圖2）我們體內產生的抗體，將會用來對抗外來品種的紅血球。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNsbycthgkS
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkIajxDNnT3
O型血的人體內會產生出對抗A及B型糖份結構的抗體，摧毀對應的紅血球功能，因此沒法接收A、B或者AB血型的血液。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJnOmoAJkxS
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9w7TxgIFX2
有一點值得注意的是，無論任何血型的血液也好，我們體內均沒有對抗O血型糖份結構的抗體。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaz7bXPDERO
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3sxGLWAOZl
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiThWDuXHFm

865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4PVTioHPzl
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf54aEpBYOv
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc4tEcCwr2R
（圖3）正因為沒有O型抗體這回事，若然利用蛋白酶改變紅血球表面的糖份組織結構，就能夠統一將所有血型O型化，簡化思考抗體排斥的問題。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX35S1YC685
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ46xOgoctrf
這是不少科學家一直在研究的問題，事實上早在80年代已成功把B型血轉化成為O型血，但所需的功夫並不符合成本效益。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8AlcJu6Fyu
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcpcYLbIGLX
現時科學家們已逐步找出合適及有效率的蛋白酶能夠轉化各血型為O血型（Ref1)，若能夠在學界及醫學界裡取得共識的話，將會在器官移植方面尤其有用，大幅度減免各種不理想的排斥反應。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAJrtjjvCFU
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3SA5TTG70a
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK2TSv4NF6R
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPJqx7QuFiY
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdBP8d3MIiY
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2wKMietuRp
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvRV1eoICEe
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2OzTgrsKJK
Link:865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM4bSDktMYM
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZvEOwsNabE
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFzJZWiZpvF
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCF10vvmqmX
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdgw69wiilO
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUqrS9BE2Na
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrSbTXeEIWe
865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBGMPrbzUqi
Ref1: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6956546/865Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx1H8ojsZLs

ns216.73.216.217da2

Reading Theme:

Font Size:

Line Spacing:

Paragraph Spacing:

Load the next issue automatically