科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–皮膚傷口不留疤痕的研究

皮膚受傷的時候，大多數的情況下都會出現結焦情況，過一段時間後傷口便會縫合。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9jcVEGFXn6
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有時候，皮膚會留有疤痕，但又有一些情況下會不留痕跡般似的進行修復，就像沒有事發生過一樣。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8aeroJRkau
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究竟最終會否留有疤痕，是看幸運還是甚麼呢？978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbHg75kRBW1
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（圖2）近日，有科學家發表文章(Ref1)，對此作出了一個頗為完滿的解答。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBCKvbAGkg9
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他們在老鼠耳仔上開一個細洞，然後再緊密觀察其康復情況。他們發現塗上會引起發炎作用的Imiquimod(IMQ)後，傷口會完美修復不留疤。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXYaW6aLs2J
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而在缺乏TRPA1神經細胞的老鼠，就算塗上(IMQ)，傷口始終會留有疤痕，表示TRPA1神經細胞在皮膚的修復上顯然有著重要作用。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlb30Hzxoa2
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（圖3）他們進行了一系列的實驗，最終找出了箇中機制，以下為最簡化版本。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡArhWKg7cw5
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1.傷口塗上IMQ後，將會引起發炎作用。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt3daegGyN7
2.發炎作用刺激TRPA1神經細胞。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQxeVvTLvTf
3.免疫系統細胞（dermal dendritic cells、γδ T cells）被傳召前來。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnJrPa6WcQy
4.免疫系統細胞釋出相關物質（Interlunkin17、22、23）。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwFrBrRFjmP
5.一系列的過程發生過後，肌膚完美修復。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0GLWHK5V7a
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此研究的結果針對於老鼠的皮膚癒合情況，未必能套用在人類身上，需要作出人體試驗才能廣泛證實此結果。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHgkMs6m6cU
另外，IMQ的塗用時機還需要進一步確認，何時觸發發炎作用才是適當的時機還需要一系列的測試。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwbfTqm5laW
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不過有一點非常重要的是，當人類皮膚受傷的時候，自身是不會主動觸動TRPA1神經細胞。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNdKcSTrvqq
若然整個結果能套用在人類身上的話，那亦是代表我們日後可塗上適當的藥膏刺激皮膚下的TRPA1細胞，觸發一系列的過程使傷口以不留疤痕的方式完美癒合！978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbdDMbJrawr
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最後亦請幫一幫忙簽署袁爸的白宮呈請，幫忙為香港出一份力。978Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1HAja1iqPJ
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Ref1:https://immunology.sciencemag.org/content/5/50/eaba5683

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