科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 三十秒科學–壓力大導致毛髮生長速度減慢

腎上腺(Adrenal gland)，故名思義就是位於腎臟上方的腺體。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMLk6HYXKFV
它有著釋放出各種荷爾蒙的功能，例如皮質醇(Corticosterone)、腎上腺素(Adrenaline)及醛固酮 (Aldosterone)等等。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO41nGMKReD
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（圖2）研究發現，被切除腎上腺的老鼠(ADX)，其生長毛髮的速度比正常老鼠(Sham)的為快。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbiFCQLmcDq
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從圖中可見，ADX老鼠在剃毛後16日已經差不多長滿毛髮，而Sham老鼠在40日後還是接近沒有生長毛髮似的。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvaZStBhJ0S
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因著腎上腺有著產生荷爾蒙的功能，科學家於是量度老鼠體內的荷爾蒙，並發現ADX老鼠體內的皮質醇(Corticosterone)明顯下降，但腎上腺素(Adrenaline)含量則沒有大變化。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0rCoCZsXlu
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（圖3）從圖中可見，皮質醇的存在是阻止毛髮生長的主因。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPfj19Ii4F2
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非常重要的是，皮質醇短暫性高企是不會對毛髮生長速度有所影響，皮質醇長期的存在才會有壓抑作用。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ZnK78uBGt
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（圖4）遇上壓力時，皮質醇含量便會上升，從圖中可見壓力對老鼠毛髮生長速度的影響;985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS4j0OmhBQ1
除壓力外，年紀大亦會導致皮質醇含量上升。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsOk1CBHDIz
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腎上腺被切除後，受壓對毛髮生長速度並無大影響。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUl0MJpJkNb
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（圖5）上集提及過，頭髮生長分成3個階段。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxPRcA2EPKe
研究發現，Sham老鼠及ADX老鼠的anagen及catagen時域並無大分別，唯獨是正常老鼠的telogan階段會持續上升，而ADX老鼠則既短暫而又沒有大變化。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGIItMUQ6uy
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16個月的時段裡，ADX老鼠已經能完成10次毛髮3階段，而Sham老鼠僅能完成3次。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTcevt7ixcb
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雖然老鼠毛髮生長的理論未必能百分百套用到心類之中，但作者在文中已深入指出皮質醇是依靠影響毛髮幹細胞周遭的細胞來影響毛髮生長。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOxF0ofzz38
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或許日後可以製造出藥物來針對其機制，解決人類脫髮的煩惱。985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfv8YrzdgNW
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03417-2985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIHMVVK5aOu
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星期六有重要演講，要花功夫溫習，明天及後天可能會停更。 #adore# #adore# #adore# #adore# #adore# 985Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBYPHSrypr6