NASA計劃2033年派人類登陸火星，而火星大氣的氧含量只有0.14%，不足生存用，因此氧氣的供應問題必須著手解決。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡojvR4CGryZ
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（圖2）為針對此問題，NASA與MIT攜手合作，推行命為MOXIE (Mars OXygen In situ resource utilization Experiment) 的方案。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxh8pySqwqw
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理論就是將火星的二氧化碳電解成為可呼吸用的氧氣及一氧化碳，箇中所產生的一氧化碳對人體有效，所以必須隔走。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgBPHeCb8nJ
而2020的火星登陸計劃其中一項試驗，就是測試裝置能否達到每小時產生10-22克氧氣的功效。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVJsjdmzf1B
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（圖3）另一方面，根據早前鳳凰號登陸器所得出的資料，火星的水份含有大量的Mg(ClO4)2 化學物，Mg(ClO4)2 將水份的結冰點降低，促使水份在攝氏零下70度才會結冰。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ48SOjMN6fE
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火星的年度平均溫度為攝氏零下63度，上下幅度為攝氏100度，所以水份亦會有部份時間呈液體狀態。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWMQUcIW2Qj
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有科學家嘗試運用攝氏零下36度模擬火星情景(Ref1)，成功將水化解成氧氣(呼吸用)及氫氣(燃料用)，不但不會產生有毒的二氧化碳，而且功率比NASA方法高出5倍有多。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ13mK68Knpb
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雖然無法確定此理論是否真的在火星可行，但這項研究至少為2033年登陸火星的行動提供另一道製氧及燃料的方案。1103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb8ozdAXViU
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Ref1:https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/11/24/20086131171103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡubG4F4fyzL
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