科普專欄–薯不揀單 - 深入淺出–陽光及水深對海洋生物基因構造的影響

海洋可分為Photic Zone(透光帶)及Aphotic Zone(無光帶)兩大區域。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUuQuXH8z7h
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透光帶泛指陽光能滲進的領域，生物可有效進行光合作用。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRRJR1XxZ0u
而無光帶如字面所示，為陽光無法抵達的領域，光合作用難以進行。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6BAGFIQ0an
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（圖2）透光帶的生物能夠進行光合作用的關係，二氧化碳能有效轉化成為碳水化合物，使透光帶成為豐富碳物質的環境。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2HUMwC4tqj
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而基於死去的生物會沉積海底關係，深水領域無光帶的細菌會將生物的蛋白質消化成為氮化物，使無光帶成為豐富氮物質的環境。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0nyJtp0Vuo
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（圖3）圖中為建構各氨基酸所需的碳及氮元素示意圖。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwlw3tE5B33
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有趣的是，位於多碳少氮透光帶的生物，基因排序會導致傾向製造碳需求較高的氨基酸，而非氮元素較高的氨基酸。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGzwX5SQrmR
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情況反之亦然出現在無光帶的生裡頭。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7pzeH2MMXR
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這不禁引伸出一道疑問，在生物演化的過程中，外來環境所提供的營養是否會對基因排序的轉變上扮演著一定的角色。590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfYPV2U8g24
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Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6517/683590Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqlcTcICYw3
Ref2:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6517/655

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