在胎盤膜的阻隔下,胎兒與母親各自有著自己的血液循環系統。雖然各自的血液不會混和在一起,但氧氣、營養、代謝物及某幾種類別的抗體卻能夠通過胎盤網的微孔,互相在母子母女之間作出交換。398Please respect copyright.PENANARpSf2pSsc6
398Please respect copyright.PENANAWU91Mzz7Df
398Please respect copyright.PENANASvic5qWTGj
在母親懷孕的時期,其自身的一部份抗體將會經由胎盤傳送到胎兒的循環系統裡頭,為他或她抵禦外來物種的侵襲;398Please respect copyright.PENANAUTvDV8FCIo
胎兒的免疫系統在母體裡頭並未能夠發展得盡善盡美的關係,母親的協助是非常重要的。398Please respect copyright.PENANANnh9gfblRU
398Please respect copyright.PENANAmmoP2kR0EA
這種無私的幫助看起上來的確非常美好,但無奈魔鬼在細節,當中亦牽伸出一個重要的問題ㄧ398Please respect copyright.PENANALxFCPbhjY4
398Please respect copyright.PENANAqNclDtUncY
抗體的母嬰利益輸送,無形間造就了母體的抗體攻擊胎兒紅血球的契機,引起醫學界所稱為的「新生兒溶血症」(Hemolytic disease of the newborn,HDN)。398Please respect copyright.PENANAdL9By0Uwbo
398Please respect copyright.PENANA9FKXXQjoD3
新生兒溶血症的嚴重性取決於胎兒紅血球被收抗體所攻擊的程度,若果被幹掉的紅血球數量並不算多的話,胎兒通常均能自我抵禦得住,當中有機會產生輕微貧血或黃疸症狀,情況不太嚴重的話並不需要作出任何治療。398Please respect copyright.PENANAKhqulwHb6h
398Please respect copyright.PENANAaTpNpUJ2og
但是,若果紅血球被過量分解的話,身體裡頭的膽紅素便會不斷的積聚下來。胎兒若果還在母體的話,膽紅素尚可經由胎盤透過血液系統傳遞到母親的肝臟裡頭作出分解,由母親為孩兒作出分擔。398Please respect copyright.PENANAXQBq8ft1Ei
398Please respect copyright.PENANAqPDp3kPkgt
若胎兒脫離母體,尤其是在出世後首二十四小時裡頭發生紅血球被過量分解情況的話,情況就真的是不堪設想;398Please respect copyright.PENANAHZUL6kCdKN
398Please respect copyright.PENANAIKq6pHIoTY
胎兒肝臟在初出世的期間並沒有足夠的能力分解過多的膽紅素,膽紅素的血液濃度會逐漸的增加,最終更會進入腦部,做成永久性的神經損毀。398Please respect copyright.PENANABIIKticqmq
398Please respect copyright.PENANA5iZv2bWRKX
398Please respect copyright.PENANAxuvCEKFFvK
398Please respect copyright.PENANAo9AA03t4nt
398Please respect copyright.PENANAvLgYn726uz
在新生兒溶血症方面,Rh系統的D antigen對比於ABO系統的H antigen顯得較為重要。398Please respect copyright.PENANAkAEC1Pe3QG
398Please respect copyright.PENANAKdoOfMy8TE
主要的原因分別有兩個,第一就是胎兒紅血球上的H antigen數量比成人紅血球為顯注的少,故此不太容易會觸發免疫反應。398Please respect copyright.PENANA6HF9jjRIxi
398Please respect copyright.PENANAMv10byh91f
第二就是ABO系統的H antigen並不局限於在紅血球,在胎兒各種表皮及內膜的細胞上均能找到H antigen,因此母體的H antigen抗體遇上胎兒紅血球上的H antigen機會亦相對地大大減少;398Please respect copyright.PENANAGYuKzZIuF1
398Please respect copyright.PENANAVPSnRho6En
相反,Rh系統的D antigen只會在紅血球上找到,其他器官及細胞並不存在D antigen,母體的D antigen抗體將會針對性的攻擊胎兒紅血球。398Please respect copyright.PENANAdl1jVqbexq
398Please respect copyright.PENANAusvpL0fvk5
398Please respect copyright.PENANAo1xQGqgT8l
正因如此,在絕大多數的情況下,新生兒溶血症引致的致命情況均是由母體及胎兒的Rh系統不相容引起的。398Please respect copyright.PENANAOJIrzRo82z
398Please respect copyright.PENANA1tY0Mv0neC
(亞洲人的族裔,約只有百分之二的人口持有Rh負血型。)398Please respect copyright.PENANAOTZT4dN45C
____________________________________398Please respect copyright.PENANARDIozjDmj1
398Please respect copyright.PENANAhqgKByqDbo
「克BB,我血型是A-哦,你呢?」398Please respect copyright.PENANAooRfyfaLTQ
得悉Rh正負系統的重要性後,坐在席上的一位女生跟在旁的男同學嬌嗲的說了起來。398Please respect copyright.PENANARLn4eKYLRa
398Please respect copyright.PENANAedEdtid42w
「我是B+....」398Please respect copyright.PENANA87emQKSIab
那名姓克的男生單手拿著捐血卡,神態自若的說著。398Please respect copyright.PENANARdgkYHfrTu
398Please respect copyright.PENANAJNtSx4T0I9
「吓.....? 正? 為甚麼你會這樣不差氣的?398Please respect copyright.PENANAdQbsTmSxD4
我很喜歡小孩子的哦,那怎樣辦呀,BB?」398Please respect copyright.PENANAcIfE9poylj
398Please respect copyright.PENANAqsPI09RKFC
398Please respect copyright.PENANAo9H1x4KWec
女生負(沒有D antigen),男生正(有D antigen),嬰兒便有機會是正(50或100%有D antigen)。398Please respect copyright.PENANABvnNCJqUHx
女生本身的紅血球沒有D antigen,嬰兒紅血球上的D antigen便會被視作為外來之物,被母體的免疫系統攻勢,引發新生兒溶血症出現的可能性; 那名女生是這樣的想著。398Please respect copyright.PENANAeUOZ1txXTq
398Please respect copyright.PENANAt5gSV3l1tp
398Please respect copyright.PENANAYcyYTY94xK
「喂,靚女,我姓馬,血型B-,名副其實是你的駙馬呢!398Please respect copyright.PENANA267nVFVpaH
有沒有興趣下課後一起看電影,互相了解一下對方?」398Please respect copyright.PENANA1Vb78zlNKd
那名女生身後的一名男生,洋洋得意不知羞恥的作出搭訕起來。398Please respect copyright.PENANALjyKw5CJ83
398Please respect copyright.PENANAlEZqQ18NTo
398Please respect copyright.PENANAvFfZWSnm9C
女生負(沒有D antigen),男生負(沒有D antigen),嬰兒便一定會是負(沒有D antigen),新生兒溶血症的發生機會亦因而大大減低。398Please respect copyright.PENANAHYzV2PnBmM
398Please respect copyright.PENANAe8EpWxJ8Nx
398Please respect copyright.PENANA8RmXWjnPLS
「我對克BB的愛並不會因為這些正正負負影響得到的,你別痴心妄想啦!」398Please respect copyright.PENANAe2dzQ2bV8f
那名女生大聲的作出責罵後,隨即窩在那名男生的懷中,展示出自己的恩愛。398Please respect copyright.PENANA4ieMUuBVDY
398Please respect copyright.PENANAPjyvIaw9wi
398Please respect copyright.PENANAUtXH6V3Bt3
398Please respect copyright.PENANApQOwDappF9
「唉,你也不是我的伯樂嗎....?398Please respect copyright.PENANASCvqcI0lC6
世間上的伯樂全都死掉了嗎?398Please respect copyright.PENANAvCQn2r7dU5
398Please respect copyright.PENANAxmqWJm1tPl
我這隻絕世好馬,究竟應如何在這亂世中自處呢,天呀!」398Please respect copyright.PENANA776eVq5tIw
那名姓馬的男生右手撥了一下頭上時髦的「花倫同學」的髮型,一臉恨鐵不成鋼的模樣。398Please respect copyright.PENANAsjDiJvEcK5
398Please respect copyright.PENANAipAF8btCS6
398Please respect copyright.PENANAOXb66k8gQf
398Please respect copyright.PENANArBmIxlKKWM
「其實,第一胎出現新生兒溶血症的機率應該是相對的較低吧!398Please respect copyright.PENANAC8izZC2ClW
再加上現今科技如此先進,一定會有方法解決Rh正負所引起的問題!」398Please respect copyright.PENANAEPcnRYLENc
姓克的那位男生托了一下眼鏡,用著安慰的語氣對著那名女生說了起來。398Please respect copyright.PENANA5oR3Gg9omr
398Please respect copyright.PENANA12csi2OkuU
398Please respect copyright.PENANAFNDRQlV4dR
馬同學、克同學及其在旁女生的對話,血時均聽得一清二楚。398Please respect copyright.PENANAmogD4ux2Ii
對於克同學的見解,血時可是非常的認同。398Please respect copyright.PENANAvQIyA3kGQQ
398Please respect copyright.PENANAEKhSxdJb72
「這位男同學說得一點也沒有錯!」398Please respect copyright.PENANABKMV0YRD6J
398Please respect copyright.PENANAZz6KbhtlrW
胎兒和母體的血液循環系統均是獨立的個體,胎兒的紅血球在正常情況下是不會進入母體血液循環裡頭的。398Please respect copyright.PENANAOG2XaegWIh
398Please respect copyright.PENANA8oweMT44Hv
在Rh血型為負的母親來說,除非曾經在輸血過程中接受過擁有D antigen的血液,否則在自身的血液裡頭間理應是不會存有D antigen的抗體;398Please respect copyright.PENANA6wwq2uxdXt
398Please respect copyright.PENANAY4qgJn6FB7
這亦是Rh系統和ABO系統其中一種不同的地方,ABO的H antigen和天然間所存在的糖分結構非常相似。長久接觸底下,正常人體的血液均存在著對應的H antigen抗體。398Please respect copyright.PENANA1UPwaRbQUB
398Please respect copyright.PENANAN0ODfU92em
398Please respect copyright.PENANAVXFDxPjgZ7
398Please respect copyright.PENANAT067AE5lbm
雖則胎盤阻隔著母子的血液循環系統,但在母親產下第一胎的期間,過程中將會有很大的機會與胎兒的血液接觸。398Please respect copyright.PENANAVhtTsfDocn
若胎兒為Rh正而母親為Rh負的話,這便會觸發母親體內D antigen抗體的產生;398Please respect copyright.PENANAztV0JCjedA
398Please respect copyright.PENANAWOvfvqm6LU
只不過,若果母親的ABO血型與胎兒的ABO血液不吻合的話,母親體內的H antigen抗體將會快速消除胎兒的紅血球,這時候D antigen暴露於母體免疫系統的機會亦會相對減低,有機會可以避免D antigen抗體的產生。398Please respect copyright.PENANABFqgR4rskD
398Please respect copyright.PENANAHWWjqr7XkQ
398Please respect copyright.PENANA0MplfsmEUa
無論如何,這些由第一胎臨盤而產生出來的D antigen抗體,將會有很大的機會影響第二胎Rh正的胎兒。398Please respect copyright.PENANAXHlXBCKRFt
398Please respect copyright.PENANAqBLWtZQtzL
不過不用害怕,現今醫療科技發達,醫生均有著各種手段檢查胎兒的狀況,亦有各種方法檢測母體及胎兒的ABO及Rh血型。398Please respect copyright.PENANASDCYEBfdTF
在某幾種情況下更會為母親注入D antigen的抗體,避免母親接觸到外來的D antigen,必要時更可為在母體內的胎兒輸血,更換死去的紅血球細胞。398Please respect copyright.PENANACWqDTe36lB
398Please respect copyright.PENANArivJ2CC0zh
398Please respect copyright.PENANAvLVX25y9Tu
398Please respect copyright.PENANAWfGTNWMCz4
因Rh系統不吻合而不能作出敦倫的情況,在現今的社會上是不會發生的。398Please respect copyright.PENANAGlwZzev7OE
398Please respect copyright.PENANAE9DnebkHUq
398Please respect copyright.PENANAC5I4G9EzwL
______________________________________398Please respect copyright.PENANAHeCn4x6yhJ
398Please respect copyright.PENANAbVdQTr4kO4
398Please respect copyright.PENANADDdiwHG667
鈴...鈴...鈴.....398Please respect copyright.PENANAbAE9niHybX
398Please respect copyright.PENANA17EcV2o7KO
講解的時間過得特別快,說到Rh血液系統的時候下課鐘聲亦恰巧的響起。398Please respect copyright.PENANARAzr2TMuSX
398Please respect copyright.PENANA9HP2NNXtdN
血時迅速的收拾個人物品,啪啪聲的關上電腦,比在座的學生們更快的離開演講廳。398Please respect copyright.PENANA9SZEyjXjk9
398Please respect copyright.PENANA6zKK3x8nyC
398Please respect copyright.PENANAuqQO9hndbs
「血..血時教授...」398Please respect copyright.PENANA1NFirmoAcJ
那名為茱燕的女同學本意是在下課的時候找血時商量一些事情的,奈何血時的行動實在過於迅速,她完全找不到任何的機會喝停血時。398Please respect copyright.PENANA14WysRER2i
398Please respect copyright.PENANAL5UcAU2o3j
398Please respect copyright.PENANAJ5vmiz8Wri
398Please respect copyright.PENANA7wJuCkemem
「......」398Please respect copyright.PENANAc4FAlTqqVM
她打開演講廳的門口,四周張望,只見血時往著月亮咖啡店的方向奔跑起來。398Please respect copyright.PENANAPK32F4unqg
398Please respect copyright.PENANAjylyYz0DD9
398Please respect copyright.PENANAoKfzlywAFr
「你...沒吃早餐嗎?」398Please respect copyright.PENANABIzqU8WgaC
arrow_back
素食法醫
more_vert
-
info_outline 資料
-
toc 目錄
-
share 分享
-
format_color_text 介面設置
-
exposure_plus_1 推薦
-
report_problem 檢舉
-
account_circle 登入
X
素食法醫
作者:
薯仔聞茱莉
篇 #32
血時篇(四)
喜歡 2
閱讀 394
書籤 25
提出編輯建議
以 Facebook 帳號登入
或 註册/登入 以留言或加上書籤
按此加載下一章
×
寫下你喜歡這個故事的地方
×
對此喜歡的人