Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition affecting how the body processes blood sugar (glucose). It is the most common form of diabetes, characterised by high blood sugar levels, insulin resistance, and, often, a relative lack of insulin.
Symptoms of Type 2 diabetes can include increased thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision, fatigue, and slow wound healing. These symptoms may develop gradually and may not be noticed for years. In some cases, there may be no symptoms at all.
A combination of genetic and lifestyle factors causes type 2 diabetes. Being overweight or obese, having a sedentary lifestyle, and consuming a diet high in sugar and processed foods can all increase the risk of developing the condition. Additionally, certain ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanic Americans, have a higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
Diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes is typically made through blood tests, including a fasting blood glucose test, an oral glucose tolerance test, and an A1C test. The A1C test measures the average blood sugar level over the past 2-3 months.
Treatment for Type 2 diabetes typically begins with lifestyle changes, including a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and weight loss. Medications like metformin and sulfonylureas may also be prescribed to help lower blood sugar levels. In some cases, insulin therapy may be necessary.
Managing Type 2 diabetes requires a significant commitment of time and effort. Still, with proper treatment and self-care, most people with the condition can lead healthy, productive lives.
Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider, including an endocrinologist, are also essential to monitor the progression of the disease and detect any complications early.
It's important to note that Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease. Over time, the body may produce less insulin and become less responsive to insulin. This can lead to increased blood sugar levels and complications such as heart disease, nerve damage, and kidney damage.
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition affecting how the body processes blood sugar. A combination of genetic and lifestyle factors causes it. It is characterised by high blood sugar levels, insulin resistance, and, often, a relative lack of insulin. Treatment typically begins with lifestyle changes and may include medications and insulin therapy. Regular check-ups with healthcare providers are essential to monitor the progression of the disease and detect any complications early.
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